Respiratory System Flashcards
In sequential order, list the air passages that lead to the lungs…
- nose and linked air passages
- mouth
- larynx, or voice box
- trachea, or windpipe
- tubes called bronchial tubes or bronchi, and their branches
- lungs
Define inspiration
Inspiration is known as inhaling
During inspiration, the diaphragm contracts and pulls downwards while the muscle between the ribs contract and pull upward. This increases the size of the thoracic cavity and decreases the pressure inside.. As a result, air rushes in and fills the lungs
Define expiration
Expiration is known as exhaling
During expiration, the diaphragm relaxes, and the volume of the thoracic cavity decreases, while the pressure writhing it increases. As a result, the lungs contract and air is forced out
What muscles are involved in breathing?
- diaphragm
- intercostal muscles
- abdominal muscles
- muscles in the neck and collarbone areas
What happens to the chest cavity when we breath in??
Space increases
What effect does having a larger chest have?
More air can enter the lungs during inspiration resulting in better aerobic capacity
What is a pressure gradient?
A physical quantity that describes which direction and at what rate the pressure changes the most rapidly around a particular location
In what direction does air move from pressure gradients?
It moves from areas of high pressure and concentration such as the tissue/muscles to the blood
What happens to the chest cavity when we breathe out?
Space decreases
What is ventilation?
Inhalation of oxygen and exhalation of Co2 is the process of breathing or ventilation
What is the formula for ventilation?
Minute ventilation (VE) = respiratory rate X tidal volume At rest, minute ventilation = 12 X 0.5L = 6.0L/Min
What is tidal volume?
The amount of air you take in or out per breath
- increases during exercise
What is respiratory rate?
The number of breaths you take per minute. Normal for an adult at rest is 12-20 breaths per minute
What is gaseous exchange?
The delivery of oxygen from he lungs to the bloodstream, and the elimination of Co2 from the bloodstream to the lungs
How do we get movement of gases to and from cells?
Diffusion
