Unit 1-2 Key Terms Flashcards
Cahokia/Mississippi Moundbuilders:
In the early 1200s, the largest settled community with large mounds near St. Louis
Chaco Canyon/Ancestral Puebloans:
a center for the Anasazi people, trade hub and home to over twelve thousand people.
Appalachian Mountains:
the oldest mountain on the continent
Mississippi River:
Second largest North American river, used to establish Lousiana and New Orleans by France
James River:
first used by the English to establish James Town, flows into the Chesapeake bay
Chesapeake Bay:
settled by water, easily accessed ships, source of food, and good for farming, could search for gold
Massachusetts Bay:
the largest bay, important to English because of easier access to trade and shipbuilding, helped establish the colony of Massachusetts.
Christopher Columbus:
italian explorer, sailed for Spain, credited with early voyages to the Americas.
Rene de la Salle:
french explorer, claimed the Mississippi River basin for France.
Henry Hudson:
english explorer, discovered the Hudson River and Bay.
Sir Walter Raleigh:
attempted to establish a colony, helped establish virginia, known for introduction of potatoes in europe
Junipero Serra:
the spanish missionary who founded 21 missions, founded Mission San Diego, the first mission
Missions:
spanish religious settlements converting Native Americans.
Gaspar de Portola:
spanish explorer and California governor.
Presidios:
spanish military forts in the Americas.
Taino/Arawak:
Indigenous peoples of the Caribbean, encountered by Columbus.
Wampanoag:
Northeastern Native American tribe, helped Pilgrims survived, had peace for 40 years
Pequot:
new england indigenous tribe, involved in conflicts with English settlers.
Powhatan:
indians near Jamestown, Chief Powhatan dominated many tribes in James River area, saw English as allies until they raided them and stole their food
Iroquois:
an alliance of northeastern native americans known for their political structure, allied first with the Dutch and later with the English
Huron:
indigenous people of the Great Lakes region, active in fur trade.
Encomienda:
spanish labor system in the Americas, involving forced labor and tribute from native americans on plantations and mines.
Mestizo:
person of mixed European and Indigenous American descent
