Unit 1 Flashcards
Largest distribution of agricultural area by type of utilization.
ARABLE
- Population in 2016
102,250,000
- Population density.
343 per square kilometer
- Approximately 32% of the country’s total land area are ____.
agricultural land
- 51% and 44% are ____, respectively.
Arable and permanent croplands
- Defined as the residues from the growing and processing of raw agricultural products such as fruits, vegetables, meat, poultry, dairy products, and crops.
Agricultural wastes
- Manure, animal carcasses.
Animal waste
- Only 20% of maize is canned and 80% is waste.
Food Processing Waste
- Corn stalk, sugarcane bagasse, drops and culls from fruits and vegetables, prunings.
Crop waste
- Pesticides, insecticides, herbicides.
Hazardous and Toxic Agricultural Waste
- Estimation of agricultural waste produces yearly.
998 MT
- It Can amount to up to 80 percent of the total solid wastes generated in any farm of which manure production can amount up to 5.27 kg/day/1000 kg live weight, on a wet weight basis.
Organic Waste
- Is usually accompanied by wastes from the irrational application of intensive farming methods and the abuse of chemicals used in cultivation.
Agricultural Development
- Wastes have the potential to cause unpredictable environmental consequences such as ___.
Food poisoning, unsafe food hygiene, contaminated farmland
- It plays and important role in maintaining the productivity and quality of plants.
Fertilizers
- Includes solid waste such as manure and organic materials in the slaughterhouse.
Waste from livestock activities
- Example of air pollutants.
H2S, CH4
- Water volume accounts for ____ of total volume, while the rest includes organic matter.
75-95%
- One of the major wastes generated in aquaculture which can be dissolved or suspended.
Metabolic waste
- Increase in _____ results in increased feeding which gives rise to increased generated waste.
Temperature
- These are important for waste management because a proper flow will minimize the fragmentation of fish feces and allow for rapid settling and concentration of settleable solids.
Water flow patterns
- Existing bio-energy conversion technologies are being applied in the PH.
Direct combustion, biomass carbonization and densification, gasification, biogas
- This makes use of agricultural residues such as rice-hull from the mill, cogeneration using coconut shell, bagasse in sugar mills, kiln-drying of lumber, tobacco-curing, bakeries and other industries for the generation of electrical and heat energy.
Direct combustion
- Simple and compact design; fully automatic operation, clear air output.
PhilMech Biomass Furnace
- Low operating cost and maintenance; dries paddy from dripping wet to 14% in 12 hrs at 40-45 degree Celsius; driven by a 12.5 hp diesel engine.
Biomass-Fed Mechanical Dryer
- Operational Biomass Power Plants under the project of Full Advantage Philippines.
Rice Hull-Fire Power Plant
- This is the process biomass fuel goes through to obtain fuel gas which can be either be burned in a boiler or used for generating mechanical power using diesel engine.
Gasification
- A kind of gas that is produces during the anaerobic processing of organic matter such as manure, plant matter.
Biogas
- Regulates, restricts or prohibits the importation, manufacture, processing, sale, distribution, use and disposal of chemical substances and mixtures that presents unreasonable risk and/or injury to health or the environment.
RA 6969 – Toxic Substances and Hazardous and Nuclear Waste Control Act of 1990
- Reduction of GHG; Prohibits incineration of municipal, biomedical and hazardous waste.
RA 8749 – Clean Air Act of 1999
- Mandates LGU to divert at least 25% of their solid waste into recycling and composting, and away from disposal sites.
RA 9003 – Ecological Solid Waste Management Act of 2000
- Mandates the blending of minimum 10% motor fuels grade, eventually locally-sourced bioethanol and 2% biodiesel and other biofuels…
RA 9367 – Biofuels Act of 2006
- Directs the DENR to safeguard our water resources and implement a wastewater charge system in all management areas through the collection of wastewater charge/fees.
RA 9275 – Philippine Clean Water Act of 2004
- Directs the DENR to safeguard our water resources and implement a wastewater charge system in all management areas through the collection of wastewater charge/fees.
RA 9275 – Philippine Clean Water Act of 2004
- Establishes the framework for the accelerated development and advancement of renewable energy resources, and the development of a strategic program to increase its utilization.
RA 9513 – Renewable Energy Act of 2008
- Systematically integrates the concept of climate change in various phases of policy formulation, development plans, poverty reduction strategies and other development tools and techniques by all agencies and instrumentalities of the government.
RA 9729 – Climate Change Act of 2009
- Promotes, propagates, develops further, and implements the practice of organic agriculture that will cumulatively condition and enrich the fertility of the soil and increase farm productivity.
RA 10068 – Organic Agriculture Act of 2010
- RA 6969
Toxic Substances and Hazardous and Nuclear Waste Control Act of 1990
- RA 8749
Clean Air Act of 1999
- RA 9003
Ecological Solid Waste Management Act of 2000
- RA 9275
Philippine Clean Water Act of 2004
- RA 9367
Biofuels Act of 2006
- RA 9513
Renewable Energy Act of 2008
- RA 9729
Climate Change Act of 2009
- RA 10068
Organic Agriculture Act of 2010
only _____ of the classified rivers still met the standards for their most
beneficial use. The rest were already polluted from domestic,
industrial and agricultural sources.
51%
aims to protect the country ’s water bodies from
pollution from land-based sources (industries and
commercial establishments, agriculture and
community/household activities)
The Philippine Clean Water Act of 2004 (Republic Act No.
9275)
HOW WI L L WAT E R QUAL I TY B E MANAGED?
Management of water quality will either be based on watershed,
river basin or water resources region. Water quality management
areas with similar hydrological, hydrogeological, meteorological or
geographic conditions which affect the reaction and diffusion of
pollutants in water bodies are to be designated by the DENR in
coordination with the National Water Resources Board (NWRB).
WHO WI L L MANAGE T H E S E AR EAS ?
Management will be localized. Multi-sectoral governing boards
will be established to manage water quality issues within their
jurisdiction.
WHO AR E T H E MEMB E R S OF T H E GOVE RNING
BOARDS ?
Governing Boards shall be composed of representatives of mayors
and governors as well as local government units, representatives
of relevant national government agencies, duly registered non-
government organizations, the concerned water utility sector and
the business sector.
WHAT AR E T H E FUN C T IONS OF T H E GOVE RNING
BOARDS ?
The Governing Boards will formulate strategies to coordinate
policies necessary for the effective implementation of this Act.
They will create a multi-sectoral group to establish and effect
water quality surveillance and monitoring.
HOW WI L L DI S C HARGE S OF WAS T EWAT E R B E
CONT ROL L ED?
All owners or operators of facilities that discharge wastewater are
required to get a permit to discharge from the DENR or the Laguna
Lake Development Authority. Existing industries without any permit
are given 12 months from the effectivity of the implementing rules
and regulations (IRR) promulgated pursuant to this Act to secure a
permit to discharge.
