C9 - Agricultural Waste Management Systems Flashcards
is a planned system in which all necessary components are installed and managed to control and use by-products of agricultural production in a manner that sustains or enhances the quality of air, water, soil, plant, and animal resources.
Agricultural Waste Management System (AWMS)
Agricultural waste management systems must be developed using the ______ approach.
total systems
The __________ concentration of manure is the main characteristic that indicates how the material can be handled.
total solids (TS)
Factors that influence the TS concentration of excreted manure include the:
*climate
*type of animal
*amount of water consumed by the animal
*feed type
_______ are often easier to
automate and require less daily attention than those
for solid wastes.
Liquid waste management systems
An agricultural waste management system consists of
six basic functions
*Production
*Collection
*Storage
*Treatment
*Transfer
*Utilization
_____ is the function of the amount and nature of agricultural waste generated by an agricultural enterprise.
Production
A complete analysis of production includes the:
*kind
*consistency
*volume
*location
*timing of the waste produced
All statements are true, EXCEPT
a. The production of unnecessary waste should be kept to a minimum.
b. Leaking water facilities and spilled feed contribute to the production of waste.
c. A record should be kept of the data, assumptions, and calculations.
d. The production costs should include future expansion.
d. The production costs should include future expansion.
This refers to the initial capture and gathering of the waste from the point of origin or deposition to a collection point.
Collection
______ is the temporary containment of the waste.
Storage
TRUE OR FALSE
The storage period should be determined by the utilization schedule.
TRUE
TRUE OR FALSE
The waste collection plan should identify the method of collection, location of the collection points, scheduling of the collection, labor requirements, necessary equipment or structural facilities, management and installation costs of the components, and the impact that collection has on the consistency of the waste.
FALSE
**The AWMS plan should identify the method of collection, location of the collection points, scheduling of the collection, labor requirements, necessary equipment or structural facilities, management and installation costs of the components, and the impact that collection has on the consistency of the waste.
______ is the temporary containment of the waste.
Storage
The ________ should be determined by the utilization schedule.
storage period
TRUE OR FALSE
The waste management system should identify the storage period; the required storage space; the type, estimated size, location, and installation cost of the storage facility; the management cost of the storage process; and the impact of the storage on the consistency of the waste.
FALSE
**The waste management system should identify the storage period; the required storage VOLUME; the type, estimated size, location, and installation cost of the storage facility; the management cost of the storage process; and the impact of the storage on the consistency of the waste.
_________ is any function designed to reduce the pollution potential of the waste, including physical, biological, and chemical treatment. It includes activities that are sometimes considered pretreatment, such as the separation of solids.
Treatment
This refers to the movement and transportation of the
waste throughout the system.
Transfer
The waste may require transfer as a solid, liquid, or slurry, depending on the ________.
total solids concentration
_______ includes recycling reusable waste products and reintroducing nonreusable waste products into the environment.
Utilization
All statements are true, EXCEPT
An agricultural waste management system design will:
a. Describe the management, operation, and maintenance of the waste from production to utilization
b. List the practices to be installed
c. Locate the major components on a plan map
d. Include an installation schedule
e. None of the above
e. None of the above
TRUE OR FALSE
Because of the variety of situations into which an AWMS must be incorporated, no one procedure can be followed to arrive at a system design; however, the following guidelines may be helpful.
- Determine the decision maker’s concerns and needs.
- Determine the characteristics and annual production of the waste requiring management.
- The nitrogen and phosphorus content of the waste, including heavy metals, toxins, pathogens, oxygen demanding material, or total solids, must be known.
- Determine the alternatives the decisionmaker is
willing to consider for utilization. - Determine the land owner’s preferences for equipment and location of facilities.
- Design the system beginning with production and
ending with utilization.
TRUE
TRUE OR FALSE
Dairy operations require high standards of sanitation and must prevent problems associated with flies.
TRUE
Waste associated with dairy operations include (5)
*manure
*contaminated runoff
*milking house waste
*bedding
*spilled feed
