Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Waste Management > C9 - Agricultural Waste Management Systems > Flashcards

C9 - Agricultural Waste Management Systems Flashcards

1
Q

is a planned system in which all necessary components are installed and managed to control and use by-products of agricultural production in a manner that sustains or enhances the quality of air, water, soil, plant, and animal resources.

A

Agricultural Waste Management System (AWMS)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Agricultural waste management systems must be developed using the ______ approach.

A

total systems

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

The __________ concentration of manure is the main characteristic that indicates how the material can be handled.

A

total solids (TS)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Factors that influence the TS concentration of excreted manure include the:

A

*climate
*type of animal
*amount of water consumed by the animal
*feed type

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

_______ are often easier to
automate and require less daily attention than those
for solid wastes.

A

Liquid waste management systems

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

An agricultural waste management system consists of
six basic functions

A

*Production
*Collection
*Storage
*Treatment
*Transfer
*Utilization

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

_____ is the function of the amount and nature of agricultural waste generated by an agricultural enterprise.

A

Production

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

A complete analysis of production includes the:

A

*kind
*consistency
*volume
*location
*timing of the waste produced

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

All statements are true, EXCEPT

a. The production of unnecessary waste should be kept to a minimum.
b. Leaking water facilities and spilled feed contribute to the production of waste.
c. A record should be kept of the data, assumptions, and calculations.
d. The production costs should include future expansion.

A

d. The production costs should include future expansion.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

This refers to the initial capture and gathering of the waste from the point of origin or deposition to a collection point.

A

Collection

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

______ is the temporary containment of the waste.

A

Storage

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

TRUE OR FALSE

The storage period should be determined by the utilization schedule.

A

TRUE

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

TRUE OR FALSE

The waste collection plan should identify the method of collection, location of the collection points, scheduling of the collection, labor requirements, necessary equipment or structural facilities, management and installation costs of the components, and the impact that collection has on the consistency of the waste.

A

FALSE

**The AWMS plan should identify the method of collection, location of the collection points, scheduling of the collection, labor requirements, necessary equipment or structural facilities, management and installation costs of the components, and the impact that collection has on the consistency of the waste.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

______ is the temporary containment of the waste.

A

Storage

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

The ________ should be determined by the utilization schedule.

A

storage period

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

TRUE OR FALSE

The waste management system should identify the storage period; the required storage space; the type, estimated size, location, and installation cost of the storage facility; the management cost of the storage process; and the impact of the storage on the consistency of the waste.

A

FALSE

**The waste management system should identify the storage period; the required storage VOLUME; the type, estimated size, location, and installation cost of the storage facility; the management cost of the storage process; and the impact of the storage on the consistency of the waste.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

_________ is any function designed to reduce the pollution potential of the waste, including physical, biological, and chemical treatment. It includes activities that are sometimes considered pretreatment, such as the separation of solids.

A

Treatment

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

This refers to the movement and transportation of the
waste throughout the system.

A

Transfer

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

The waste may require transfer as a solid, liquid, or slurry, depending on the ________.

A

total solids concentration

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

_______ includes recycling reusable waste products and reintroducing nonreusable waste products into the environment.

A

Utilization

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

All statements are true, EXCEPT

An agricultural waste management system design will:

a. Describe the management, operation, and maintenance of the waste from production to utilization
b. List the practices to be installed
c. Locate the major components on a plan map
d. Include an installation schedule
e. None of the above

A

e. None of the above

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

TRUE OR FALSE

Because of the variety of situations into which an AWMS must be incorporated, no one procedure can be followed to arrive at a system design; however, the following guidelines may be helpful.

  1. Determine the decision maker’s concerns and needs.
  2. Determine the characteristics and annual production of the waste requiring management.
  3. The nitrogen and phosphorus content of the waste, including heavy metals, toxins, pathogens, oxygen demanding material, or total solids, must be known.
  4. Determine the alternatives the decisionmaker is
    willing to consider for utilization.
  5. Determine the land owner’s preferences for equipment and location of facilities.
  6. Design the system beginning with production and
    ending with utilization.
A

TRUE

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

TRUE OR FALSE

Dairy operations require high standards of sanitation and must prevent problems associated with flies.

A

TRUE

24
Q

Waste associated with dairy operations include (5)

A

*manure
*contaminated runoff
*milking house waste
*bedding
*spilled feed

25
Q

TRUE OR FALSE

The collection methods for dairy waste vary depending on the management of the dairy operation

A

TRUE

26
Q

Manure accumulates in confinement areas and in areas where the dairy animals are _______ before
and after _____.

A

concentrated ; milking

27
Q

TRUE OR FALSE

Roofed confinement areas must have a system for collecting and confining contaminated runoff.

A

FALSE

**UNROOFED confinement areas must have a system for collecting and confining contaminated runoff.

28
Q

TRUE OR FALSE

Paved lots generally produce more runoff than unpaved lots.

A

TRUE

29
Q

The __________ can be reduced by limiting the size of the confinement area, and uncontaminated runoff can be diverted if a roof runoff management system and diversions are used.

A

volume of runoff

30
Q

_______and _________ must be stored as a liquid in a waste storage pond or structure.

A

Milking house waste; contaminated runoff

31
Q

TRUE OR FALSE

Liquid waste can be treated in an aerobic lagoon, an anaerobic lagoon, or other suitable liquid waste treatment facilities. Solids in the waste can be composted.

A

TRUE

32
Q

TRUE OR FALSE

Liquid and slurry wastes can be transferred through open channels, pipes, or in a portable liquid tank.

A

TRUE

33
Q

All statements are incorrect, EXCEPT

a. Waste may be hauled and distributed over the land in a dry or liquid manure spreader.
b. Slurries can be distributed through an irrigation system.
c. Liquid waste may be distributed through an irrigation
system equipped with nozzles that have a large opening.
d. None of the above

A

a. Waste may be hauled and distributed over the land in a dry or liquid manure spreader.

34
Q

Waste associated with confined beef operations include (3)

A

*manure
*bedding
*contaminated runoff

35
Q

Beef cattle can be confined on (3)

A

*unpaved
*partly paved
*totally paved lots

36
Q

______ confinement areas must have a system for collecting and confining contaminated runoff.

A

Unroofed

37
Q

________ generally produce more runoff than _______.

A

Paved lots; unpaved lots

38
Q

TRUE OR FALSE

The volume of runoff can be reduced by limiting the
size of the confinement area, and uncontaminated
runoff can be excluded by use of diversions.

A

TRUE

39
Q

Manure can be stored as a __________ in the confinement area if bedding is added in sufficient quantities.

A

bedded pack

40
Q

Raising hogs in an _______ may appear to have a
low initial investment, but often results in animal
health and pollution control problems.

A

open system;

41
Q

Undesirable odors are often associated with ________.

A

swine operations

42
Q

Liquid waste from a swine operation is commonly
treated in an anaerobic lagoon, but it can also be
treated in an ________ or _________.

A

aerobic lagoon; oxidation ditch

43
Q

Swine waste is used as a feed supplement and an
energy source through ___________.

A

methane production

44
Q

_______________________ are grown on floors on beds of litter shavings, sawdust, or peanut hulls. _______ are confined to cages.

A

Broilers and young turkeys; Layers

45
Q

Waste associated with poultry operations include (2)

A

*manure
*dead poultry

46
Q

TRUE OR FALSE

If the manure from layer operations is kept reasonably
dry, it can be stored in a roofed facility. If it is wet, it
should be stored in a structural tank or an earthen
storage pond.

A

TRUE

47
Q

TRUE OR FALSE

Broiler and turkey litter can be composted.

A

TRUE

48
Q

TRUE OR FALSE

The litter can also be dried and burned directly as a fuel.

A

TRUE

49
Q

To prevent spread of disease, the
dead birds are often collected daily by _______.

A

hand

50
Q

Horse waste management systems
Management of a horse operation near ________
must include methods to keep flies and odors to a
minimum.

A

urban areas

51
Q

Veal waste management systems
Veal calves are produced using a _______; therefore,
their manure is highly liquid.

A

liquid diet

52
Q

TRUE OR FALSE

Municipal sludge (and wastewater to a much smaller
degree) contains heavy metals that can be detrimental
to crops and human and livestock health.

A

TRUE

53
Q

TRUE OR FALSE

The sludge needs to be analyzed for
certain metals, such as mercury, lead, zinc, cadmium,
and nickel.

A

TRUE

54
Q

TRUE OR FALSE

Food processing waste can be either solid, slurry, or
liquid.

A

TRUE

55
Q

TRUE OR FALSE

Most food processing waste land application sites
should be designed by a professional who has experience in these type systems.

A

TRUE

56
Q

Once the sludge has ______, it should be placed in a leakproof container.

A

dehydrated

Waste Management (8 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions