Ultrasound & Phonophoresis

Question 0

generator of ultrasound has a blank circuit which produces electric current of specific frequency

Answer 0

oscillator

Question 1

frequency of ultrasound is greater than blank hertz

Answer 1

20,000

Question 2

the blank inside the ultrasound is what creates the sound

Answer 2

crystal

Question 3

a photon moves along the wave in this type of wave

Answer 3

electromagnetic

Question 4

ultrasound waves do no have photons that move down the wave, instead they stay in the blank

Answer 4

same place

Question 5

molecular flow occurs parallel to direction of wave propagation and is known as

Answer 5

micro something

Question 6

size of the area of the transducer that radiates the ultrasound beam

Answer 6

effective radiation area

Question 7

intensity can be either blank or blank

Answer 7

spatial, temporal

Question 8

ratio of spatial peak intensity to the spatial average intensity

Answer 8

beam nonuniformity reatio

Question 9

percent of time that the ultrasound beam is ON

Answer 9

duty cycle

Question 10

number of compression rarefaction cycles per unit of time

Answer 10

frequency

Question 11

lower frequencies go blank in tissue

Answer 11

deeper

Question 12

absorption blank as frequency increases

Answer 12

increases

Question 13

redirection of the ultrasound beam away from the surface

Answer 13

reflection

Question 14

attenuation is higher for tissues with higher blank content

Answer 14

collagen

Question 15

reflected wave interacts with incoming wave and creates summation causing discomfort

Answer 15

standing wave

Question 16

formation, growth, and pulsation of bubbles exposed to ultrasound beam

Answer 16

cavitation

Question 17

bubbles compress during this phase

Answer 17

compression

Question 18

bubbles expand during this phase

Answer 18

rarefaction

Question 19

cavitation where bubbles pop

Answer 19

unstable

Question 20

two non thermal effects of ultrasound

Answer 20

cavitation, microstreaming

Question 21

ultrasound travels faster through blank than blank

Answer 21

bone, air

Question 22

any agent that allow for smooth transmission of ultrasound from sound head to tissue

Answer 22

couplant

Question 23

best transmitters of ultrasound

Answer 23

water, gel

Question 24

any mode of ultrasound causes blank effects

Answer 24

thermal

Question 25

higher absorption blank causes a greater increase in temperature

Answer 25

coefficient

Question 26

.5 intensity temp at 1 MHz, 3 MHz per minute in Celsius

Answer 26

.04, .3

Question 27

1.0 intensity temp at 1 MHz, 3 MHz per minute in Celsius

Answer 27

.2, .6

Question 28

1.5 intensity temp at 1 MHz, 3 MHz per minute in Celsius

Answer 28

.3, .9

Question 29

2 intensity temp at 1 MHz, 3 MHz per minute in Celsius

Answer 29

.4, 1.4

Question 30

use of ultrasound to push a drug through the skin

Answer 30

phonophoresis

Question 31

lower the frequency, the greater the blank of the drug

Answer 31

absorption

Question 32

increasing the wattage of the ultrasound increases blank of the skin

Answer 32

absorption

Question 33

some drugs cant even get through blank

Answer 33

skin

Question 34

parameters for phonophoresis with ultrasound

Answer 34

continuous, up to 1.5 W, 5-20 mins

Question 35

drug with best absorption with phonophoresis

Answer 35

methyl salicylate cream

Question 36

drug with worst absorption with phonophoresis

Answer 36

hydrocortisone cream

Question 37

hydrocortisone is absorbed better in blank

Answer 37

ultraphonic gel