UE Myology Flashcards
What does Winging of the scapula result from
Injury to the Long Thoracic N. And subsequent paralysis of the Serratus Anterior M.
What is winging of the Scapula clinically
Movement of scapula away from the thoracic wall. This makes abducting the upper limb beyond horizontal position difficult.
What muscles maker up the rotator cuff
Supraspinatus M.
Infraspinatus M.
Teres Minor M.
Subscapularis M.
Of the rotator cuff muscles, which one is most commonly injured
The supraspinatus M.
What structures make up the border of the triangular space
Teres minor M., Teres Major M., and Long Head of Triceps Brachii M.
What is contained in the triangular space
Circumflex scapular A.
What are the borders of the quadrangular space
Teres minor M., teres major M., long head of TB, and lateral head of TB
What is contained in the quadrangular space
Posterior humeral circumflex A., Axillary N.
What are the borders of the triangular interval
Teres Major M., Long and Lateral Heads of the TB.
What is contained in the triangular interval
Deep brachial A., and radial N.
The long head of the Biceps Brachii M attaches to what
The short head of the Biceps Brachii M. Attaches to what
LH - Supraglenoid Tubercle of the Scapula
SH - Coracoid process of the Scapula
The short head of the BB M. Does what?
Resists dislocation of the shoulders
Failure of the bicipital tendon to contract with the Bicipital Myotactic Reflex indicates what
Injury to the musculocutaneous N.
Explain what a popeye deformity is
The dislocation of the long head of the BB M. From the surpaglenoid tubercle. This results in the muscle balling up in the mid arm.
What does the long head of the TB M. Attach to
What does the Lateral Head of the TB M. Attach to
What does the Medial Head of the TB M. Attach to
Long head - infraglenoid tubercle
Lateral Head - posterior aspect of the humeral body
Medial Head - post. Aspect of the humeral body
How to ID superficial Flexors
Use hand, four fingers correspond with muscles.
Pointer = pronator teres Middle = flexor carpi radialis Ring = palmaris longus Pinky = flexor carpi ulnaris
The flexor digitorum superficialis is what type of muscle
Multi-caudal
The flexor digitorum superficialis inserts where
To the intermediate phalanges of D 2 - 5
The flexpor digitorum superficialis is innervated what what nerve
Median N.
The tendon of the flexor digitorum profundus passes through what
The bifed tendon of the Flexor Digitorum Superficialis M.
Describe elbow tendinitis (tennis elbow)
Pain over the lateral epicondyle that results from repetitive use of the superficial extensor muscles of the forearm.
What can result from an injury to the Median N. In the hand.
A loss of the ability to articulate and oppose the thumb of the hand.
What are the 5 functional positions of the hand
- Power grip
- Hook grip
- Precision handling grip
- Pinching
- Position of rest
Describe the power grip
Digist acting against the palm wrap around an object with counter pressure form the pollux. Includes involvement from the long flexors of the digits acting at the interphalangeal joint
Describe the hook grip
As when carrying a suitcase. Requires less energy than the power grip. Involves mainly the long flexors of the digits acting at the interphalangeal joint.
Describe the precision handling grip
As when writing. Involves the long flexor and extensor muscles performing fine movements.
Describe the pinching movement
Compressing an object between the distal aspect of the 1st and 2nd digits
What ligament usually prevents dislocation of the acromiclavicular joint
The coracoclavicular ligament.
A colles fracture results from what?
Attempting to break the fall with the outstretched lib and hand pronated
What can occur secondary to a fracture of the scaphoid bone
Avascular necorsis of the proximal fragments of the scaphoid bone
Fracture of the hamate may result in what
Nonunion of the fractured bones due to the traction of the hypothenar muscles. This can result in decreased grip strength
Surgery to the inferior part of the axilla puts what at risk
The thoracodorsal N. And subsequently the latissimus dorsi
What is the clinical presentation of someone with paralysis of the latissimus dorsi?
The person is unable to raise the trunk with the upper limbs
What is the clinical presentation if the dorsal scapular N. Is injured
The rhomboid will be paralyzed and the scapula will be located further away from midline
What happens when the axillary N. Is injured
The deltoid and teres minor will atrophy
A direct blow to the shoulder will cause what to happen
A fracture/dislocation of the proximal humeral epiphysis
An aneurysm of the axillary A. Results from what
Rapid and forceful arm movements, especially in baseball pitchers and football players.
What happens to a compartment after 6 hours of compression of the A. That supplies that compartment
Fibrous tissue builds up, permanently shortening the muscle and producing a deformity. This is called ischemic compartment syndrome
Describe nursemaid’s elbow
This is a subluxation or complete dislocation of the head of the radius from the anular ligament.
A displaced lunate results from what and can cause what
Results from a fall on the dorsi-flexed wrist. This can cause carpal tunnel syndrome
What is bull-riders thumb.
A sprain of the radial collateral ligament. And avulsion fracture of the lateral part of the proximal phalanx
What is skier’s thumb and what causes it
A rupture of the collateral ligament of the 1st MP joint.
This occurs from the hyperabduction of the MP joint of the thumb.
