UE Myology

Question 1

What does Winging of the scapula result from

Answer 1

Injury to the Long Thoracic N. And subsequent paralysis of the Serratus Anterior M.

Question 2

What is winging of the Scapula clinically

Answer 2

Movement of scapula away from the thoracic wall. This makes abducting the upper limb beyond horizontal position difficult.

Question 3

What muscles maker up the rotator cuff

Answer 3

Supraspinatus M.
Infraspinatus M.
Teres Minor M.
Subscapularis M.

Question 4

Of the rotator cuff muscles, which one is most commonly injured

Answer 4

The supraspinatus M.

Question 5

What structures make up the border of the triangular space

Answer 5

Teres minor M., Teres Major M., and Long Head of Triceps Brachii M.

Question 6

What is contained in the triangular space

Answer 6

Circumflex scapular A.

Question 7

What are the borders of the quadrangular space

Answer 7

Teres minor M., teres major M., long head of TB, and lateral head of TB

Question 8

What is contained in the quadrangular space

Answer 8

Posterior humeral circumflex A., Axillary N.

Question 9

What are the borders of the triangular interval

Answer 9

Teres Major M., Long and Lateral Heads of the TB.

Question 10

What is contained in the triangular interval

Answer 10

Deep brachial A., and radial N.

Question 11

The long head of the Biceps Brachii M attaches to what

The short head of the Biceps Brachii M. Attaches to what

Answer 11

LH - Supraglenoid Tubercle of the Scapula

SH - Coracoid process of the Scapula

Question 12

The short head of the BB M. Does what?

Answer 12

Resists dislocation of the shoulders

Question 13

Failure of the bicipital tendon to contract with the Bicipital Myotactic Reflex indicates what

Answer 13

Injury to the musculocutaneous N.

Question 14

Explain what a popeye deformity is

Answer 14

The dislocation of the long head of the BB M. From the surpaglenoid tubercle. This results in the muscle balling up in the mid arm.

Question 15

What does the long head of the TB M. Attach to

What does the Lateral Head of the TB M. Attach to

What does the Medial Head of the TB M. Attach to

Answer 15

Long head - infraglenoid tubercle

Lateral Head - posterior aspect of the humeral body

Medial Head - post. Aspect of the humeral body

Question 16

How to ID superficial Flexors

Answer 16

Use hand, four fingers correspond with muscles.

Pointer = pronator teres
Middle = flexor carpi radialis 
Ring = palmaris longus
Pinky = flexor carpi ulnaris

Question 17

The flexor digitorum superficialis is what type of muscle

Answer 17

Multi-caudal

Question 18

The flexor digitorum superficialis inserts where

Answer 18

To the intermediate phalanges of D 2 - 5

Question 19

The flexpor digitorum superficialis is innervated what what nerve

Answer 19

Median N.

Question 20

The tendon of the flexor digitorum profundus passes through what

Answer 20

The bifed tendon of the Flexor Digitorum Superficialis M.

Question 21

Describe elbow tendinitis (tennis elbow)

Answer 21

Pain over the lateral epicondyle that results from repetitive use of the superficial extensor muscles of the forearm.

Question 22

What can result from an injury to the Median N. In the hand.

Answer 22

A loss of the ability to articulate and oppose the thumb of the hand.

Question 23

What are the 5 functional positions of the hand

Answer 23

1. Power grip
2. Hook grip
3. Precision handling grip
4. Pinching
5. Position of rest

Question 24

Describe the power grip

Answer 24

Digist acting against the palm wrap around an object with counter pressure form the pollux. Includes involvement from the long flexors of the digits acting at the interphalangeal joint

Question 25

Describe the hook grip

Answer 25

As when carrying a suitcase. Requires less energy than the power grip. Involves mainly the long flexors of the digits acting at the interphalangeal joint.

Question 26

Describe the precision handling grip

Answer 26

As when writing. Involves the long flexor and extensor muscles performing fine movements.

Question 27

Describe the pinching movement

Answer 27

Compressing an object between the distal aspect of the 1st and 2nd digits

Question 28

What ligament usually prevents dislocation of the acromiclavicular joint

Answer 28

The coracoclavicular ligament.

Question 29

A colles fracture results from what?

Answer 29

Attempting to break the fall with the outstretched lib and hand pronated

Question 30

What can occur secondary to a fracture of the scaphoid bone

Answer 30

Avascular necorsis of the proximal fragments of the scaphoid bone

Question 31

Fracture of the hamate may result in what

Answer 31

Nonunion of the fractured bones due to the traction of the hypothenar muscles. This can result in decreased grip strength

Question 32

Surgery to the inferior part of the axilla puts what at risk

Answer 32

The thoracodorsal N. And subsequently the latissimus dorsi

Question 33

What is the clinical presentation of someone with paralysis of the latissimus dorsi?

Answer 33

The person is unable to raise the trunk with the upper limbs

Question 34

What is the clinical presentation if the dorsal scapular N. Is injured

Answer 34

The rhomboid will be paralyzed and the scapula will be located further away from midline

Question 35

What happens when the axillary N. Is injured

Answer 35

The deltoid and teres minor will atrophy

Question 36

A direct blow to the shoulder will cause what to happen

Answer 36

A fracture/dislocation of the proximal humeral epiphysis

Question 37

An aneurysm of the axillary A. Results from what

Answer 37

Rapid and forceful arm movements, especially in baseball pitchers and football players.

Question 38

What happens to a compartment after 6 hours of compression of the A. That supplies that compartment

Answer 38

Fibrous tissue builds up, permanently shortening the muscle and producing a deformity. This is called ischemic compartment syndrome

Question 39

Describe nursemaid’s elbow

Answer 39

This is a subluxation or complete dislocation of the head of the radius from the anular ligament.

Question 40

A displaced lunate results from what and can cause what

Answer 40

Results from a fall on the dorsi-flexed wrist. This can cause carpal tunnel syndrome

Question 41

What is bull-riders thumb.

Answer 41

A sprain of the radial collateral ligament. And avulsion fracture of the lateral part of the proximal phalanx

Question 42

What is skier’s thumb and what causes it

Answer 42

A rupture of the collateral ligament of the 1st MP joint.

This occurs from the hyperabduction of the MP joint of the thumb.