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V - KCU - MSK1 (T1) - OMS1 > Development Of The peripheral Nervous System (EMB) > Flashcards

Development Of The peripheral Nervous System (EMB) Flashcards

1
Q

Where is the division where we will have brain and SC

Above is what and below is what

A

4th somite

Above is brain, below is SC

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2
Q

What is gray matter made up of

A

Dorsal horn
Lateral horn
Anterior horn

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3
Q

Cells bodies in gray matter are not what

A

Mylenated

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4
Q

Dorsal horn is what type of neurons

A

Sensory

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5
Q

Gray Lateral horn is what type of neurons and what location

A

T1 - L2

Autonomic neurons

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6
Q

What neurons are in anterior horn

A

Motor neurons

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7
Q

The gray mater houses what in terms of neurons

A

The cell bodies

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8
Q

The white matter houses what in terms of neurons

A

The axons

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9
Q

The lateral horn of the white matter houses what

A

Sensory and motor neurons

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10
Q

What is developed in the alar plate

A

Sensory neurons that are contained in CNS and never leave

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11
Q

The basal plate gives rise to what

A

Motor neurons

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12
Q

Sensory neurons is what type of neurons?

A

Afferent neurons

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13
Q

What are the three zones of the developing spinal cord

A
  1. Ventricular zone
  2. Intermediate zone - gray matter
  3. Marginal zone - white matter
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14
Q

What does the intermediate zone give rise to

A

The gray matter

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15
Q

What does the marginal zone give rise to

A

The white matter

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16
Q

What cells are located in ventricular zone

A

Cells that make CSF

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17
Q

What cells are located in intermediate zone

A

Astrocytes, give rise to gray matter

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18
Q

What cells are located in marginal zone

A

Axons and oligodendrocytes (that mylenate)

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19
Q

Oligodendrocytes come from what

A

Neural crest cells

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20
Q

Microglial cells come from what

A

Mesoderm

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21
Q

What comes from neuroectoderm

A

Astocytes
Oligodendrocytes
Dendrites and axons

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22
Q

Where is the cord in a newborn found

A

L2/L3

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23
Q

Where is cord in adult found

A

L1/L2

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24
Q

Neural crest cells give rise to what

A

Spinal ganglion and sensory neurons in the periphery

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25
Q

Dorsal spinal cord is what type of neurons

A

Sensory

26
Q

Ventral spinal cord neurons are what type of cells

A

Motor neurons

27
Q

BMP makes cells into what

A

Dorsal neurons

28
Q

SHH makes cells into what

A

Ventral neurons

29
Q

BMP activates what

A

PAX3 and PAX 7 which make the alar plate

30
Q

SHH activate what

A

NKX 2.2 and NKX 6.1 and the formation of the basal plate

31
Q

What two things form the PNS

A

The neural crest and ectodermal placode

32
Q

What PNS cells develop from neural tube

A

Motor neurons

Pre-glangionic autonomic neurons

33
Q

What PNS cells develop from neural crest cells

A

Neurons of dorsal root ganglia

Sensory ganglia of cranial neves

Schwann cells

Sympathetic ganglia

Parasympathetic ganglia

34
Q

The dorsal root comes from what

A

Neural crest cells

35
Q

The ventral root comes from what

A

Neural ectoderm cells

36
Q

The spinal nerve contains what types of cells

A

Both sensory and motor, thus come from NC and NE

37
Q

General somatic efferent neurons

What are they and where do they come from

A

Somatic muscle

From NE

38
Q

General visceral efferent neurons

What are they and where do they come from

A

Autonomic neurons to smooth and cardiac muscle and glands

From NE

39
Q

Special visceral efferent

What are they and where do they come from

A

Neurons that innervate muscles derived from the pharyngeal arches

From the NE

40
Q

General somatic afferent neurons

What are they and where do they come from

A

Sensory in the skin, joints and tendons

From NC

41
Q

General visceral afferent neurons

A

Sensory of the visceral structures

From the NC

42
Q

Special somatic afferent neurons

What are they and where do they come from

A

Hearing, balance, and sight

43
Q

Special visceral afferent neurons

A

Taste, smell, chemical senses

Come from cranial nerves

44
Q

Post-ganglionic ANS cells come from what

A

Neural crest

45
Q

ANS pre-ganglionic cells come from what

A

Neuroectoderm

46
Q

The preganglionic fibers form what

A

Spinal cord to sympathetic ganglia

47
Q

Are preganglionic fibers myelonated?

A

Yes

48
Q

Postganglionic fibers form what

A

Ganglia to vicera

49
Q

Preganglia are long or short?

A

Long

50
Q

Postganglionnic fibers are what

A

Short and nonmylenated

51
Q

The anterior nerve roots are what type of nerves?

A

Motor neurons (efferent)

52
Q

The posterior roots are what types of nerves?

A

Sensory neurons (afferent)

53
Q

The grey matter is comprised of what

A

The nerves cell bodies (CNS)

54
Q

The white matter is comprised of what

A

The axons that are usually mylenated with schwann cells (PNS)

55
Q

The posterior and anterior nerve roots untie where to form what

A

Unite proximal to the intervertebral foramen to form a mixed spinal nerve (motor and sensory)

56
Q

What type of neurons do posterior and anterior rami carry?

A

Both sensory and motor neurons.

57
Q

What are general sensory fibers

A

General somatic afferent fibers

Transmit sensation from the body to the CNS

58
Q

What are somatic motor fibers [GSE]

A

General somatic efferent fibers

Transmit impulses to skeletal muscles (voluntary)

59
Q

What are visceral sensory fibers [GVA]

A

General visceral afferent fibers

Transmit pain or subconscious visceral reflex sensations

60
Q

What are visceral motor fibers [GVE]

A

General visceral efferent fibers

Transmit impulses to smooth (involuntary)muscle and glandulary tissue

V - KCU - MSK1 (T1) - OMS1 (16 decks)

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