Development Of The peripheral Nervous System (EMB)

Question 1

Where is the division where we will have brain and SC

Above is what and below is what

Answer 1

4th somite

Above is brain, below is SC

Question 2

What is gray matter made up of

Answer 2

Dorsal horn
Lateral horn
Anterior horn

Question 3

Cells bodies in gray matter are not what

Answer 3

Mylenated

Question 4

Dorsal horn is what type of neurons

Answer 4

Sensory

Question 5

Gray Lateral horn is what type of neurons and what location

Answer 5

T1 - L2

Autonomic neurons

Question 6

What neurons are in anterior horn

Answer 6

Motor neurons

Question 7

The gray mater houses what in terms of neurons

Answer 7

The cell bodies

Question 8

The white matter houses what in terms of neurons

Answer 8

The axons

Question 9

The lateral horn of the white matter houses what

Answer 9

Sensory and motor neurons

Question 10

What is developed in the alar plate

Answer 10

Sensory neurons that are contained in CNS and never leave

Question 11

The basal plate gives rise to what

Answer 11

Motor neurons

Question 12

Sensory neurons is what type of neurons?

Answer 12

Afferent neurons

Question 13

What are the three zones of the developing spinal cord

Answer 13

1. Ventricular zone
2. Intermediate zone - gray matter
3. Marginal zone - white matter

Question 14

What does the intermediate zone give rise to

Answer 14

The gray matter

Question 15

What does the marginal zone give rise to

Answer 15

The white matter

Question 16

What cells are located in ventricular zone

Answer 16

Cells that make CSF

Question 17

What cells are located in intermediate zone

Answer 17

Astrocytes, give rise to gray matter

Question 18

What cells are located in marginal zone

Answer 18

Axons and oligodendrocytes (that mylenate)

Question 19

Oligodendrocytes come from what

Answer 19

Neural crest cells

Question 20

Microglial cells come from what

Answer 20

Mesoderm

Question 21

What comes from neuroectoderm

Answer 21

Astocytes
Oligodendrocytes
Dendrites and axons

Question 22

Where is the cord in a newborn found

Answer 22

L2/L3

Question 23

Where is cord in adult found

Answer 23

L1/L2

Question 24

Neural crest cells give rise to what

Answer 24

Spinal ganglion and sensory neurons in the periphery

Question 25

Dorsal spinal cord is what type of neurons

Answer 25

Sensory

Question 26

Ventral spinal cord neurons are what type of cells

Answer 26

Motor neurons

Question 27

BMP makes cells into what

Answer 27

Dorsal neurons

Question 28

SHH makes cells into what

Answer 28

Ventral neurons

Question 29

BMP activates what

Answer 29

PAX3 and PAX 7 which make the alar plate

Question 30

SHH activate what

Answer 30

NKX 2.2 and NKX 6.1 and the formation of the basal plate

Question 31

What two things form the PNS

Answer 31

The neural crest and ectodermal placode

Question 32

What PNS cells develop from neural tube

Answer 32

Motor neurons | Pre-glangionic autonomic neurons

Question 33

What PNS cells develop from neural crest cells

Answer 33

Neurons of dorsal root ganglia Sensory ganglia of cranial neves Schwann cells Sympathetic ganglia Parasympathetic ganglia

Question 34

The dorsal root comes from what

Answer 34

Neural crest cells

Question 35

The ventral root comes from what

Answer 35

Neural ectoderm cells

Question 36

The spinal nerve contains what types of cells

Answer 36

Both sensory and motor, thus come from NC and NE

Question 37

General somatic efferent neurons What are they and where do they come from

Answer 37

Somatic muscle From NE

Question 38

General visceral efferent neurons What are they and where do they come from

Answer 38

Autonomic neurons to smooth and cardiac muscle and glands From NE

Question 39

Special visceral efferent What are they and where do they come from

Answer 39

Neurons that innervate muscles derived from the pharyngeal arches From the NE

Question 40

General somatic afferent neurons What are they and where do they come from

Answer 40

Sensory in the skin, joints and tendons From NC

Question 41

General visceral afferent neurons

Answer 41

Sensory of the visceral structures From the NC

Question 42

Special somatic afferent neurons What are they and where do they come from

Answer 42

Hearing, balance, and sight

Question 43

Special visceral afferent neurons

Answer 43

Taste, smell, chemical senses Come from cranial nerves

Question 44

Post-ganglionic ANS cells come from what

Answer 44

Neural crest

Question 45

ANS pre-ganglionic cells come from what

Answer 45

Neuroectoderm

Question 46

The preganglionic fibers form what

Answer 46

Spinal cord to sympathetic ganglia

Question 47

Are preganglionic fibers myelonated?

Answer 47

Yes

Question 48

Postganglionic fibers form what

Answer 48

Ganglia to vicera

Question 49

Preganglia are long or short?

Answer 49

Long

Question 50

Postganglionnic fibers are what

Answer 50

Short and nonmylenated

Question 51

The anterior nerve roots are what type of nerves?

Answer 51

Motor neurons (efferent)

Question 52

The posterior roots are what types of nerves?

Answer 52

Sensory neurons (afferent)

Question 53

The grey matter is comprised of what

Answer 53

The nerves cell bodies (CNS)

Question 54

The white matter is comprised of what

Answer 54

The axons that are usually mylenated with schwann cells (PNS)

Question 55

The posterior and anterior nerve roots untie where to form what

Answer 55

Unite proximal to the intervertebral foramen to form a mixed spinal nerve (motor and sensory)

Question 56

What type of neurons do posterior and anterior rami carry?

Answer 56

Both sensory and motor neurons.

Question 57

What are general sensory fibers

Answer 57

General somatic afferent fibers Transmit sensation from the body to the CNS

Question 58

What are somatic motor fibers [GSE]

Answer 58

General somatic efferent fibers Transmit impulses to skeletal muscles (voluntary)

Question 59

What are visceral sensory fibers [GVA]

Answer 59

General visceral afferent fibers Transmit pain or subconscious visceral reflex sensations

Question 60

What are visceral motor fibers [GVE]

Answer 60

General visceral efferent fibers Transmit impulses to smooth (involuntary)muscle and glandulary tissue