UE Fascia Flashcards
What movements can the scapula accomplish?
Elevation and depression
Protraction and retraction
Rotating the glenoid cavity up and down
What are the movements of the glenohumeral joint?
Extension and flexion of the arm
Hyperextension of the arm
Abduction and adduction of the arm
Medial and lateral rotation
What are the movements that the elbow can accomplish?
Flexion and extension of the forearm
What are the movements that the radioulnar joint can accomplish?
Pronation and supination
What movements can the wrist accomplish?
Extension and flexion of the hand Ulnar flexion (medial movement) and radial flexion (lateral movement)
What movements can the 2nd-5th digits achieve?
Extension and flexion
Abduction (movement away from middle finger) and adduction (movement away from middle finger)
Middle finger cannot be adducted but can be abducted
What movements can the thumb accomplish?
Extension and flexion
Abduction (anterior movement from anatomical position) and adduction (posterior movement from AP)
Opposition and reposition
What is pectoral fascia?
Invests the pectoralis major muscle
Continuous superiorly with the deltoid fascia, laterally with the axillary fascia and inferiorly abdominal deep fascia
What is axillary fascia?
The floor of the axilla
Continuous medially with pectoral fascia and inferiorly with clavipectoral fascia
What is the clavipectoral fascia?
Deep to pectoral fascia and the pectoralis major muscle
Extends inferiorly from the clavicle to invest the subclavius and pec minor before blending with axillary fascia
Contains costocoracoid membrane and suspensory L of the axilla
What is deltoid fascia?
Covers the deltoid muscle
Continuous anteriorly with pectoral fascia and posteriorly with infraspinatus fascia
What is supraspinous fascia?
Extremely dense fascia overlying the supraspinatus muscle
What is infraspinous fascia?
Extremely dense fascia overlying the infraspinatus M
Which fascia are associated with the brachium?
Brachial fascia as well as medial and lateral intermuscular septa
What is brachial fascia?
Continuous superiorly with pectoral, deltoid, infraspinous and axillary fascia
Continuous inferiorly with antebrachial fascia
Covers the musculature of the brachium
What is the medial inter muscular septum of the brachium?
Extends from deep surface of brachial fascia to the humerus, distally to the medial supraepicondylar ridge
In conjunction with the lateral intermuscular septum separates the brachium into anterior and posterior compartments
What is the lateral intermuscular septum of the brachium?
Extends from the deep surface of brachial fascia to the humerus distally to the lateral supraepicondylar ridge
What is antebrachial fascia?
Continuous superiorly with brachial fascia, utilizes the interosseous membrane to divide the antebrachium into an anterior and posterior compartment
Includes extensor retinaculum, palmar carpal L and flexor retinaculum
What is the extensor retinaculum of the antebrachium?
Transverse focal thickening of antebrachial fascia
Holds the extensor tendons in position
6 synovial tendon sheaths surround the long extensor tendons of the forearm as they pass under the extensor retinaculum to reduce friction
What is the palmar carpal L of the antebrachium?
Corresponding anterior transverse focal thickening of the antebrachial fascia
Continuous with the extensor retinaculum
What is the flexor retinaculum of the antebrachium?
Transverse carpal L
Deep and distal to the palmar carpal L
Fibrous band extending from the tubercles of the scaphoid and trapezium across the carpal arch to the hook of the hamate and pisiform forming the carpal tunnel
What is palmar fascia of the hand?
Continuous proximally with the antebrachial fascia
Associated with palmar aponeurosis
Describe the palmar aponeurosis
Thickened central region of palmar fascia
Continuous proximally with the palmaris longus T
Includes superficial transverse metacarpal L, retinacula cutis, medial fibrous septum and lateral fibrous septum
What separates the hypothenar compartment from the central compartment?
Medial fibrous septum
What separates the thenar compartment from the central compartment?
Lateral fibrous septum
What restricts palmar skin movement?
Retinacula cutis of palmar aponeurosis
What is dupuytren contracture?
A disease resulting in the shortening, thickening and fibrosis of the palmar aponeurosis and palmar fascia which results in a partial flexion of the 4th and 5th digits
What is dorsal fascia of the hand?
Deep to subcutaneous fat on the dorsum of the hand
What are fibrous digital sheaths of the hand?
Distal extensions from the palmar aponeurosis
Fibrous tubes that enclose the synovial sheaths of the long flexor tendons
Arranged into altering annular and cruciform segments
Associated digital synovial sheaths
What is the hypothenar compartment of the hand?
Contains the hypothenar muscles
What is the central compartment of the hand?
Contains the flexor tendons, the lumbrical muscles, superficial palmar arterial arch, digital vessels and nerves
What is the thenar compartment of the hand?
Contains the thenar muscles
What is the adductor compartment of the hand?
Contains the adductor pollicis <
What is the interosseous compartment of the hand?
Between the metacarpal bones
Contains the interossei muscles
What can irritation of the synovial sheaths of the antebrachium cause?
An accumulation of mucopolysaccharide fluid that can form a usually painless lump known as a synovial or ganglion cyst
Infections of the synovial sheath of the antebrachium can cause what?
Swelling in very specific and characteristics configurations that follow the shapes of these sheaths
