Forearm Flexors Flashcards
Which muscles are superficial flexors?
Pronator teres, flexor carpi radialis, palmaris longus, flexor carpi ulnaris
What are the origins of pronator teres?
Humeral head: medial humeral epicondyle
Ulnar head: coronoid process of the ulna
What does pronator teres insert on?
Lateral aspect of radius
What is the action of pronator teres?
Pronate and flex the forearm
What innervates most of the forearm flexors?
Median nerve
Exceptions: flexor carpi ulnaris, medial part of flexor digitorum profundus
What are the attachment sites of flexor carpi radialis?
O: medial humeral epicondyle
I: ventral aspect of the base of the 2nd metacarpal
What is the action of flexor carpi radialis?
Flex forearm
Flex and abduct the hand at the wrist
What are the attachment sites for palmaris longus?
O: medial humeral epicondyle
I: palmar aponeuroses and flexor retinaculum
What is the action of palmaris longus?
Flexor forearm
Flex hand and tenses the palmar aponeurosis
What are the origins for flexor carpi ulnaris?
Humeral head: medial humeral epicondyle
Ulnar head: olecranon and posterior ulna
What is the insertion site for flexor carpi ulnaris?
Pisiform
Hook of hamate and base of 5th metacarpal
What is the action of flexor carpi ulnaris?
Flex forearm
Flex and adduct the hand at the wrist
What innervates flexor carpi ulnaris?
Ulnar N
Which muscle is in the intermediate layer of forearm flexors?
Flexor digitorum superficialis
What are the origins for flexor digitorum superficialis?
Humeroulnar head: medial humeral epicondyle and coronoid process of the ulna
Radial head: superior half of anterior aspect of the radius
What is the insertion site for flexor digitorum superficialis?
Bifed insertion on the intermediate phalanges of digits 2-5
What is the action of flexor digitorum superficialis?
Flex forearm
Flex hand at wrist
Flexor proximal and intermediate phalanges of digits 2-5 at the MP and PIP joints respectively
Which muscles are in the deep layer of forearm flexor muscles?
Flexor digitorum profundus, flexor pollicis longus and pronator quadratus
What are the attachment sites for flexor digitorum profundus?
O: proximal ulna and interosseous membrane
I: ventral aspect of bases of distal phalanges of digits 2-5 (the tendon passes through bifed tendon of FDS to its insertion)
What is the action of flexor digitorum profundus?
Flex the hand at the wrist
Flex all phalanges of digits 2-5 at the MP, PIP and DIP
What innervates the flexor digitorum profundus?
Lateral part: anterior interosseous N of the median N
Medial part: ulnar N
What are the attachment sites for flexor pollicis longus?
O: anterior aspect of the radius and interosseous membrane
I: ventral aspect of the base of the distal phalanx of the pollux
What is the action of flexor pollicis longus?
Flex the hand
Flex and abduct the 1st metacarpal at the 1st carpometacarpal joint
Flex both phalanges of the pollux at the intercarpal joint
What innervates most of the deep flexor muscles?
Anterior interosseous N of the median N
What are the attachment sites for pronator quadratus?
O: anterior aspect of the distal ulna
I: anterior aspect of the distal radius
What is the action of pronator quadratus?
Pronate forearm
Deep fibers hold the ulna and radius together
