ucsp w2-w3 Flashcards
the three anthropological perspectives
evolutionist-intellectual perspective
french sociology school perspective
british funcionalist perspective
three sociologist perspective
symbolic interactionism perspective
functionalist perspective
conflict perspective
explains that death and belief in soul and the spirits play important roles
evolutionist-intellectual perspective
is led by Emile Durkheim suggests that society can sustain and reproduce
by themselves
french sociology school perspective
explains anxiety caused by the rationally uncontrollable happenings as the basic motivation for the emergence of religious faith
british functionalist school perspective
explains that people attach meanings to symbols and they act according to their
subjective interpretation of the symbols
symbolic interactionism perspective
believes that each aspect of society is interdependent and
contributes to society’s functioning as a whole
functionalist perspective
through Karl Max’s writing on struggles, shows competition for scarce resources and how
the elite control the poor and the weak.
conflict perspective
It is what a person has, does and thinks as part of society. This implies all of person’s belief system, set of behaviors and material possessions
culture is everything
culture that includes all tangible and visible parts of culture, which includes clothes, foods and even buildings
material culture
culture that includes all intangible parts of culture, which consist of values, ideas and knowledge
nonmaterial culture
culture is set of beliefs, attitudes and practices that an individual learns through his or her family, school, church and other social institutions
culture is learned
is a process of learning your own culture
enculturation
is a process of accommodating desirable traits from other culture
acculturation
culture has been lost and even cultural trait itself is in the process of being forgotten.
deculturation
This implies that a particular behavior cannot be considered as a culture if there is only one person practicing it. Culture is shared intergenerational
culture is shared
Humans are born into cultures that have values on beauty and body. As such, they alter their bodies to fit physiological norms that are dictated by their culture
culture affects biology
Culture is a tool for survival that humans use in response to the pressures of their environment
culture is adaptive
Culture can also cause problems for the people who subscribe to it. These problems arise when environment is change and culture has remained the same
culture is maladaptive
The final characteristic of culture it is never static. This dynamism of culture is due to changing needs of humans as they interpret and survive in their environment
culture changes
it refers to all those ideas held in society that are considered good, acceptable, and right
norms and values
the socially approved behaviors that have no moral underpinning. These stem from and organize casual interactions, and emerge out of repetition and routines
folkways
the norms related to moral conventions. People feel strongly about mores, and violating them typically results in disapproval or ostracizing
mores
behaviors that are absolutely forbidden in specific culture
taboos
consists of the rules and regulation that are implemented by the state
laws
is an individual’s position in his or her society, which carries with it a set of defined rights and obligations
status
the sets of expectation from people who occupy a particular status
roles
is the act of following the roles and goals of one’s society
conformity
the act of violating the prescribed social norms
deviance
is the idea that a person’s beliefs, values, and practices should be understood based on that person’s own culture, rather than be judged against the criteria of another
cultural relativism
is a term used to describe several philosophical positions concerned with the differences in moral judgments across different peoples and their own particular cultures
moral relativism or ethical relativism
refers to the tendency of each society to place its own culture at the center of things. It is the practice of comparing other cultural practices with those of one’s own and automatically finding those practices to be inferior
ethnocentrism
refers to the preference of the foreign. It is characterized by a strong belief that one’s own products, styles or ideas is inferior to those which originated elsewhere
xenocentrism
