bio

Question 1

The artificial manipulation, modification, and recombination of DNA or other nucleic acid molecules in order to modify an organism or population of organisms.

Answer 1

genetic engineering

Question 2

nitrogenous base pairing of DNA

Answer 2

Adenine-Thymine
Guanine-Cytosine

Question 3

father of genetic engineering

Answer 3

Paul Berg

Question 4

He made significant contributions to the field of molecular biology and genetic engineering. His major achievements
include: Recombinant DNA Technology, Gene splicing and in
the field of Biochemical research

Answer 4

Paul Berg

Question 5

infected mouse embryos
with SV40 virus and
showed that the viral DNA
was integrated in the germ line in 1974

Answer 5

Rudolph Jaenisch
and Beatrice Mintz

Question 6

where did SV40 virus originate from

Answer 6

monkeys

Question 7

first genetically modified animal

Answer 7

mouse

Question 8

first transgenic plant

Answer 8

tobacco

Question 9

worked on the first transgenic plant in the 1980s

Answer 9

Richard B. Flavell, Mary-Dell Chilton, and Elliot Meyerowitz

Question 10

a company that successfully produced synthetic human insulin using recombinant
DNA technology in 1978

Answer 10

Genentech

Question 11

a biotechnology company that developed Flavr Savr

Answer 11

Calgene

Question 12

first commercially available transgenic plant

Answer 12

Flavr Savr Tomato

Question 13

techniques in genetic engineering

Answer 13

Introduction of new traits into an organism.

Enhancement of a present trait by disrupting the inhibition of desired gene’s
expression

Enhancement of a present trait by increasing the expression of the desired
gene

Question 14

tools used in genetic engineering

Answer 14

Restriction Endonuclease (RE)
Gene Library
Vector
Host Cells

Question 15

refer to the various methods and technologies used to
introduce foreign genetic
material (DNA or RNA)
into cells,

Answer 15

gene transfer method

Question 17

gene transfer methods in prokaryotes

Answer 17

transfromation
transduction

Question 18

gene transfer methods in eukaryotes

Answer 18

electroporation
transfection
biolistics “gene gun”
microinjection

Question 19

Plants that have been
genetically engineered

Answer 19

transgenic plant

Question 20

A genetically manipulated animal whose genome has been altered by the
transfer of a gene

Answer 20

transgenic animal

Question 21

A protein produced by bacteria that
cleaves DNA at specific sites along
the molecule

Answer 21

restriction endonuclease (RE)

Question 22

is a collection of gene clones that represents the genetic material of an organism

Answer 22

gene library

Question 23

play a crucial role in genetic engineering by serving as carriers for the
transfer of genetic
material

Answer 23

vector

Question 24

is a living cell, typically a microorganism or a eukaryotic cell, that is used to carry and
replicate foreign
genetic material
introduced

Answer 24

host cell

Question 25

It refers to the process of introducing foreign genetic material, often in the form of DNA, into an organism's cells in order to alter its genetic makeup.

Answer 25

transformation

Question 26

A process by which DNA is transferred from one bacterium to another by a virus

Answer 26

transduction

Question 27

It refers to the use of high-voltage electric shocks to introduce DNA into cells

Answer 27

electroporation

Question 28

is a process by which foreign nucleic acids are delivered into a eukaryotic cell to modify the host cell’s genetic makeup

Answer 28

transfection

Question 29

It is a device used to transfect cells with foreign DNA by bombarding the target cells with DNA-coated microparticles

Answer 29

biolistics "gene gun"

Question 30

is a method that allows DNA to literally be directly injected into the nucleus of a cell

Answer 30

microinjection

Question 31

commercially available insulin

Answer 31

humulin

Question 32

termed as bacteria division

Answer 32

binary fission

Question 33

pros of genetic engineering

Answer 33

improved crop yield disease resistant medical advances research tool environmental benefits

Question 34

cons of genetic engineering

Answer 34

ethical concern fertility tumor, cancer mortality

Question 35

a field within the applied ethics that explores the ethical, moral and philosophical issues related to biology

Answer 35

bioethics

Question 36

is a plant, animal or microbe in which one or more changes have been made to the genome

Answer 36

GMO

Question 37

purpose as to why plants are modified

Answer 37

Herbicide Resistant Pesticide Resistant Insect Resistant Drought tolerant Extreme temperature tolerant Have added nutrients, such as vitamins and minerals

Question 38

how are herbicide plants accomplished

Answer 38

inserting gene 5’-enolpyruvylshekimate-3’ phosphate synthase (EPSPS) from Agrobacterium tumefaciens

Question 39

how are insecticide plants accomplished

Answer 39

identifying and isolating a gene from the soil bacterium Bacillus thuringiensis that produces a toxin called Cry

Question 40

how is the biosynthesis of beta-carotene accomplished

Answer 40

inserting phytoene synthase (psy) from daffodils and phytoene desaturase gene from the bacteria Erwinia uredovorainto

Question 41

applications of GMO animals

Answer 41

Biomedical Research Agriculture Conservation Biotechnology and Industry Scientific Research Drug Testing

Question 42

applications of GMO microbes

Answer 42

Biotechnology and Industry Medicine Environmental Remediation Agriculture Biocontrol and Pest Management

Question 43

amino acid that can be used as a plant growth regulator

Answer 43

glyphosate