U8 Flashcards
1
Q
acquaintance
A
/əˈkweɪnt ə ns/
1.sb you know 认识的人
[C] someone you know, but who is not a close friend
相识的人，泛泛之交，熟人
THESAURUS friend
•She was a casual acquaintance of my family in Vienna. 她是我们家在维也纳的一个交情不深的朋友。
•He heard about the job through a mutual acquaintance (= someone you and another person both know ) . 他是通过一个双方都认识的人知道有这份工作的。
2.relationship 关系
[singular , U,单数] a relationship with someone you know, but who is not a close friend认识，交情
•They developed an acquaintance over the Internet. 他们在因特网上相识。
•You can’t judge her on such short acquaintance (= when you have not known her long ) . 认识这么短时间，你无法对她作出评价。
•My uncle did not improve on further acquaintance (= when you knew him better ) . 深交之后我叔叔依然如故。
3.make sb’s acquaintance
formal to meet someone for the first time结识某人，认识某人
•I should be delighted to make Mrs McGough’s acquaintance. 我很高兴能认识麦高夫太太。
•At the hotel, I made the acquaintance of a young American actor. 在酒店里，我结识了一位年轻的美国演员。
REGISTER 语体
In everyday English, people usually say someone I know rather than an acquaintance
在日常英语中，人们一般说someone I know，而不说an acquaintance
•I got the job through someone I know . 我是通过一个熟人得到这份工作的。
2
Q
appalling
A
/əˈpɔːlɪŋ/
1.very unpleasant and shocking骇人听闻的；令人震惊的；可怕的
SYN terrible
•She suffered appalling injuries. 她伤势非常严重。
•He was kept in appalling conditions in prison. 他被关在环境极其恶劣的监狱中。
•an appalling famine 骇人听闻的饥荒
2.very bad极坏的，糟透的
SYN atrocious
THESAURUS bad
•The weather was absolutely appalling . 天气极其恶劣。
DERIVATIVE 派生词
appallingly adv
•He behaved appallingly. 他的举止太不像话了。
•an appallingly difficult job 非常艰巨的工作
3
Q
asbestos
A
n. 石棉
adj. 石棉的
4
Q
ashes
A
n. 骨灰，灰烬（ash的复数）
v. 把…烧成灰烬（ash的第三人称单数形式）
5
Q
assent
A
/əˈsent/
formal
approval or agreement from someone who has authority
同意，赞成
•a nod of assent 首肯
[+ of]
•the assent of the Board of Governors 董事会的认可
[+ to]
•Parliament gave its assent to war. 议会同意开战。
asse英 formal
to agree to a suggestion, idea etc after considering it carefully〔经审慎考虑后〕同意，赞成
[+ to]
•They assented to his request to work from home. 他们同意他在家上班的请求。
6
Q
cessation
A
/se'seɪʃ ə n/ formal a pause or stop〔暂时〕休止，停止，中断 RELTD cease [+ of] •a cessation of hostilities (= when the fighting stops in a war ) 停止敌对行动
7
Q
cog
A
/kɒɡ/
1.a wheel with small bits sticking out around the edge that fit together with the bits of another wheel as they turn in a machine齿轮
2.one of the small bits that stick out on a cog嵌齿，轮齿
3.a cog in the machine/wheel
someone who only has a small unimportant job in a large organization〔大机构中的〕无足轻重的人物，小人物
8
Q
commerce
A
/’kɒmɜːs/
the buying and selling of goods and services
买卖，贸易；商务；商业
SYN trade
→ chamber of commerce → e-commerce
•measures promoting local commerce and industry 促进地方工商业发展的措施
9
Q
concentrated
A
/’kɒnsəntreɪtɪd,’kɒnsəntreɪtəd/
1.a concentrated liquid or substance has been made stronger by removing water from it浓缩的
•concentrated orange juice 浓缩橙汁
•a concentrated cream detergent 浓缩洗涤膏
2.[only before noun,仅用于名词前] showing a lot of effort or determination全神贯注的；全力以赴的
•He made a concentrated effort to improve his work. 他集中精力把工作做得更好。
10
Q
conquest
A
/’kɒŋkwest/
1.[singular, U,单数] the act of getting control of a country by fighting击败，征服
THESAURUS victory
•the Norman Conquest (= the conquest of England by the Normans ) 诺曼征服
[+ of]
•the Spanish conquest of the Inca Empire 西班牙人对印加帝国的征服
2.[C] land that is won in a war占领地，征服的土地
•French conquests in Asia 法国在亚洲的占领地
3.[C] someone that you have persuaded to love you or to have sex with you – often used humorously
爱情的俘虏〔常为幽默用法〕
•He boasts about his many conquests. 他吹嘘自己征服了许多女孩的芳心。
11
Q
couch
A
n. 睡椅，长沙发；床；卧榻
vi. 蹲伏，埋伏；躺着
vt. 使躺下；表达；弯下
12
Q
crumbling
A
v. 破碎；崩溃（crumble的ing形式）
adj. 破碎的
n. 破碎；皱纹；岩块剥落
13
Q
decay
A
/dɪ’keɪ/
1.[I,T] to be slowly destroyed by a natural chemical process, or to make something do this
（使）腐烂；（使）变坏
•Her body was already starting to decay. 她的尸体已经开始腐烂。
•Most archaeological finds are broken, damaged, or decayed. 大部分考古发现物都已破裂、损坏或腐烂。
•decaying organic matter 腐烂的有机物
2.[I] if buildings, structures, or areas decay, their condition gradually becomes worse
〔建筑、结构或地区〕破败，毁坏
•Hundreds of historic buildings are being allowed to decay. 数百幢历史建筑被任由破败。
•Britain’s decaying inner cities 英国破败的旧城区
3.[I] if traditional beliefs, standards etc decay, people do not believe in them or support them any more
〔传统观念、标准等〕失去影响力，衰败，衰落
SYN decline
•In Orthodox Europe, mass religion seems to have decayed less. 在正教会流行的欧洲地区，集体宗教信仰的影响力似乎衰退得没那么严重。
register 语体
In everyday English, people usually say rot rather than decay when talking about food.
在日常英语中,人们谈论食物一般说 rot ,而不用 decay
•There was a smell of rotting vegetables. 有股蔬菜腐烂的味道。
decay 2 n. [U ]
1.the natural chemical change that causes the slow destruction of something腐烂，朽烂
•old cars in various stages of decay 损坏程度不等的旧车tooth decay
2.the gradual destruction of buildings, structures etc because they have not been cared for
〔疏于管理而造成建筑物等的〕破败，衰败
•poverty and urban decay 贫穷和市区的破败
fall into (a state of) decay
•During the war, the area fell into decay. 战争期间这个地区衰败了。
3.the gradual destruction of ideas, beliefs, social or political systems etc
〔观念、信仰、社会制度、政治制度等的〕衰退，没落
•moral decay 道德的败坏
14
Q
decorative
A
/’dek ə rətɪv/
pretty or attractive, but not always necessary or useful
装饰（性）的，装饰用的
•a decorative panel above the door 门楣上的饰板
DERIVATIVE 派生词
decoratively adv
15
Q
decrease
A
/dɪ’kriːs/
to become less or go down to a lower level, or to make something do this（使）变小，（使）减少
RELTD reduce
OPP increase
•The number of people who have the disease has decreased significantly in recent years. 近年来，这种病的患者人数明显下降。
•They want to decrease their reliance on oil. 他们想减少对石油的依赖。
[+ by]
•Average house prices decreased by 13% last year. 去年房屋均价下降了13%。
[+ to]
•By 1881, the population of Ireland had decreased to 5.2 million. 到1881年，爱尔兰的人口减少到了520万。
[+ from]
•The North’s share of the world’s energy consumption is expected to decrease from 70% to 60%. 北方发达国家所占的世界能源消耗比例有望从70%下降到60%。
[+ in]
•Attacks of asthma decrease in frequency through early adult life. 成年早期，哮喘的发病频率会降低。
THESAURUS 词语辨析
1.decrease 减小；减少
to become less in number or amount
•The average rainfall has decreased by around 30 percent. 平均降雨量已减少30%左右。
2.go down 减小，减少〔与decrease相比不那么正式,常用于会话中〕
to decrease. Go down is less formal than decrease and is the usual word to use in conversation.
•Unemployment has gone down in the past few months. 在过去几个月里,失业人数下降了。
3.decline 减小；减少〔与数字或数量连用,或用于描述某事物的程度或水平〕
to decrease – used with numbers or amounts, or about the level or standard of something
•The standard of living has declined. 生活水准下降了。
•Support for the government is steadily declining. 政府支持率持续下降。
•Salaries have declined by around 4.5%. 工资减少了4.5%左右。
de‧crease 2 /’diːkriːs,ˋdikris/ n. [C,U ]
英 /’diːkriːs/
the process of becoming less, or the amount by which something becomes less减少；减少的量
OPP increase
SYN reduction
[+ in]
•Teachers reported decreases in drug use and verbal abuse of teachers. 教师们反映说吸毒和对教师的言语侮辱减少了。
[+ of]
•There has been a steady decrease of temperature. 气温在持续下降。
16
Q
desolation
A
n. 荒芜；忧伤；孤寂；废墟
17
Q
destined
A
‘destɪnd,’destənd/
1.[not before noun,不用于名词前] seeming certain to happen at some time in the future注定的；必然的
[+ for]
•She seemed destined for a successful career. 她似乎注定能够事业成功。
destined to do sth
•We were destined never to meet again. 我们注定无缘再见。
2.destined for sth
to be travelling to a particular place, or intended to go there
前往某地的
•The flight was destined for Cairo. 本次航班飞往开罗。
3.[only before noun,仅用于名词前] literary a destined person or thing is one that you will have in the future
〔人或事物〕命中注定的
•the King’s destined bride 国王命中注定的新娘
18
Q
dimly
A
adv. 朦胧地；微暗
19
Q
downfall
A
/’daʊnfɔːl/
1.complete loss of your money, moral standards, social position etc, or the sudden failure of an organization
破产；堕落，衰败；〔组织的突然〕垮台
•the scandal that led to the president’s downfall 导致总统下台的丑闻
2.something that causes a complete failure or loss of someone’s money, moral standards, social position etc
造成破产[堕落，衰败，垮台等]的原因
be sb’s downfall
•an addiction to gambling that proved to be her downfall 最后导致她堕落的赌瘾
20
Q
dreadful
A
/’dredf ə l/
1.extremely unpleasant糟糕透顶的，极其讨厌的
SYN terrible
THESAURUS bad horrible
•We’ve had some dreadful weather lately. 最近我们这里的天气糟透了。
•Michelle felt absolutely dreadful (= very ill ) . 米歇尔感觉病得很厉害。
2.[only before noun,仅用于名词前] used to emphasize how bad something or someone is
极糟的，可怕的〔用于强调〕
SYN terrible
•a dreadful mistake 可怕的错误
21
Q
dreary
A
/'drɪ ə ri/ also 又作 drear dull and making you feel sad or bored沉闷的；令人沮丧的 •the same dreary routine 一成不变的、乏味的日常事务 •a dreary winter’s day 沉闷的冬日 DERIVATIVE 派生词 dreariness n [U]
22
Q
ejaculate
A
/ɪ’dʒækjʊleɪt,ɪ’dʒækjəleɪt/
1.when a man ejaculates, semen comes out of his penis
射(精)
2.old-fashioned <i>or</i> literary to suddenly shout or say something, especially because you are surprised
〔尤指因惊奇而〕喊出；突然说出
DERIVATIVE 派生词
ejaculation n /ɪ͵dʒækjəˋleʃən ; ɪ‚dʒækjʊ’leɪʃən,ɪ‚dʒækjə’leɪʃən / [C,U]
23
Q
eliminate
A
vt. 消除；排除
/ɪ’lɪmɪneɪt,ɪ’lɪməneɪt/
1.to completely get rid of something that is unnecessary or unwanted消除，根除
RELTD eradicate
THESAURUS remove
eliminate a need/possibility/risk/problem etc
•The credit card eliminates the need for cash or cheques. 有了信用卡就不需要使用现金或支票了。
•There is no solution that will totally eliminate the possibility of theft. 没有办法可以完全杜绝盗窃案的发生。
eliminate sth/sb from sth
•Fatty foods should be eliminated from the diet. 饮食中应该避免摄入高脂肪食物。
2.[usually passive,一般用被动态] to defeat a team or person in a competition, so that they no longer take part in it
〔在比赛中〕淘汰
SYN knock out
•Our team was eliminated in the first round. 我们队第一轮就被淘汰了。
3.to kill someone in order to prevent them from causing trouble消灭，铲除
THESAURUS kill
•a ruthless dictator who eliminated all his rivals 铲除所有异己的残酷独裁者
REGISTER 语体
In everyday English, people usually say get rid of rather than eliminate .
在日常英语中，人们一般说get rid of，而不说eliminate
•It is almost impossible to get rid of the problem. 要摆脱这个问题几乎是不可能的。
24
Q
engraft
A
vt. 嫁接（树木等）；灌输（思想等）；使牢记
25
epoch
```
/'iːpɒk/
a period of history时代，纪元
SYN era
THESAURUS period
•the Victorian epoch 维多利亚时代
•The king’s death marked the end of an epoch. 这位国王的去世标志着一个时代的结束。
•the beginning of a new epoch 新纪元的开始
```
26
era
/'ɪərə/
a period of time in history that is known for a particular event, or for particular qualities
时代，年代
THESAURUS period
•His death marked the end of an era. 他的去世标志着一个时代的终结。
•the Victorian era 维多利亚时代
[+ of]
•We live in an era of instant communication. 我们生活在一个信息即时交流的时代。
•a new era of world peace 世界和平的新时代
27
evidently
/'evɪdəntli,'evədəntli/
1.[sentence adverb,句子副词] used to say that something is true because you can see that it is true明显地，显然
SYN clearly
•She was evidently a heavy smoker. 她显然烟瘾很大。
•He was evidently in pain. 他显然很痛。
•She was evidently upset by what she saw. 她显然对所见到的事情感到不快。
•Evidently, the builders had finished and gone home early. 很明显，建筑工人干完活后早早回家了。
2.used to say that you have been told that something is true据说
SYN apparently
He was evidently a rude, unpleasant child. 据说他是个粗鲁而讨厌的孩子。
•Evidently, the local authority are planning to close the school. 据说地方当局打算关闭该学校。
28
extravagant
/ɪk'strævəɡənt/
1.spending or costing a lot of money, especially more than is necessary or more than you can afford奢侈的；挥霍的
•Would it be too extravagant to buy both? 把两个都买下会不会太奢侈了？
•an extravagant lifestyle 奢侈的生活方式
2.doing or using something too much or more than is necessary
〔事情做得〕过度的；大手大脚的
•an extravagant display of loyalty 过分表露忠诚
[+ with]
•Don’t be too extravagant with the wine. 不要酗酒。
3.if someone makes extravagant claims, promises etc, they make big claims or promises that are not true or real
〔主张、承诺等〕不切实际的
•extravagant claims about the drug’s effectiveness 对该药疗效的夸张说法
DERIVATIVE 派生词
extravagantly adv
extravagance n [C,U]
•the extravagance of the Royal Palace 皇宫的富丽堂皇
•His only extravagance (= the only expensive thing he bought ) was fine wine. 他唯一的奢侈品是美酒。
29
faint
/feɪnt/
1.difficult to see, hear, smell etc
不清楚的，模糊的
THESAURUS quiet
•She gave a faint smile. 她淡淡一笑。
•a very faint noise 很微弱的声响
•the faint light of dawn 微弱的晨光
2.a faint hope/possibility/chance etc
a very small or slight hope etc
微弱的希望/很小的可能性/些微的可能等
•a faint hope that they might be alive 他们渺茫的生还希望
3.not have the faintest idea
to not know anything at all about something
完全不知道
•I don’t have the faintest idea what you’re talking about. 我一点都不知道你在说什么。
→ at 见 damn →damn sb/sth with faint praise at 见 damn6
DERIVATIVE 派生词
faintly adv
•Everyone looked faintly surprised. 每个人都显得有点吃惊。
•The sun shone faintly through the clouds. 微弱的阳光透过云层照射下来。
faintness n [U]
faint 2 v. [I ]
1.to suddenly become unconscious for a short time晕倒，昏厥
SYN pass out
•Several fans fainted in the blazing heat. 几个球迷在炽热高温下晕过去了。
2.I nearly/almost fainted
spoken used to say that you were very surprised by something
我差点昏过去〔表示很惊讶〕
•I nearly fainted when they told me the price. 他们告诉我价格时，我差点昏过去。
faint 3 n. [singular 单数]
an act of becoming unconscious昏厥
in a (dead) faint
•She fell down in a faint. 她昏倒了。
30
forbid
/fə'bɪd/
pt: forbade pp: forbidden pres part: forbidding
1.to tell someone that they are not allowed to do something, or that something is not allowed禁止，不许
OPP permit
forbid sb to do sth
•He was forbidden to leave the house, as a punishment. 作为惩罚，他被禁止离开家。
forbid sb from doing sth
•Women are forbidden from going out without a veil. 妇女不戴面纱禁止出门。
strictly/expressly/explicitly etc forbid
•The law strictly forbids racial or sexual discrimination. 法律严禁种族或性别歧视。
2.God/Heaven forbid
spoken used to emphasize that you hope that something will not happen
但愿不会发生这样的事
•‘Supposing I had an accident.’ ‘God forbid!’ “假设我出了意外事故呢。”“但愿不会发生这样的事！”
3.formal to make it impossible for someone to do something
阻止；妨碍，使〔某人〕不可能做某事
SYN prevent 【正式】
•Lack of space forbids listing the names of all those who contributed. 由于篇幅限制，无法列出所有捐款人的姓名。
REGISTER 语体
In everyday English, people usually say that someone is not allowed to do something rather than is forbidden to do something.
在日常英语中，人们一般说someone is not allowed to do something，不说someone is forbidden to do something
•He was not allowed to leave the house. 他被禁止离开那幢房子。
THESAURUS 词语辨析
1.forbid 禁止
to tell someone in a very strong way that they must not do something or that something is not allowed
•His doctor had strictly forbidden him to drink alcohol. 他的医生严禁他饮酒。
•It is forbidden to say such things. 此类话语是禁止的。
2.not allow 不允许
to say that someone must not do or have something, and stop them doing or having it
•The company does not allow smoking inside the building. 公司不准在大楼内吸烟。
•Mobile phones are not allowed in school. 校内禁用手机。
3.undefined
31
fro
adv. 向后；向那边
32
gasp
/ɡɑːsp/
1.[I,T] to breathe in suddenly in a way that can be heard, especially because you are surprised or in pain〔因惊讶或疼痛而〕大声吸气，倒抽气
•‘My leg!’ he gasped. ‘I think it’s broken!’ “我的腿！”他倒抽一口气喊道，“我觉得腿断了！”
[+ in/with]
•Ollie gasped with pain and slumped forward. 奥利疼得直抽气，往前栽倒下去。
[+ at]
•The audience gasped at the splendour of the costumes. 华丽的服装令观众惊叹。
2.[I] to breathe quickly in a way that can be heard because you are having difficulty breathing〔由于呼吸困难而〕急促吸气
RELTD pant
THESAURUS breathe
gasp for air/breath
•Brendan climbed slowly, gasping for breath. 布伦丹上气不接下气地缓慢攀爬。
3.be gasping (for sth)
spoken to feel that you urgently need something such as a drink or cigarette
渴望得到（某物）
•I’m gasping for a pint! 我好想喝一大杯啤酒啊！
gasp 2 n. [C ]
1.when you take in a breath suddenly in a way that can be heard, especially because you are surprised or in pain
〔尤指惊讶或疼痛引起的〕大声吸气，倒抽气
•She gave a little gasp and clutched George’s hand. 她轻轻地倒抽一口气，抓住了乔治的手。
[+ of]
•With a gasp of pure horror, Lewis jumped up and ran. 刘易斯吓得倒抽了一口气，跳起来就跑。
2.when you breathe in air quickly because you are having difficulty breathing
〔呼吸困难引起的〕急促吸气
•Her breath came in shallow gasps. 她的呼吸浅而急促。
3.sb’s/sth’s last gasp
the time when someone is about to die, or when something is about to stop happening or existing
某人/某物的最后一口气
•the last gasp of an industry in decline 一个没落行业的最后一口气
33
germ
/dʒɜːm/
1a very small living thing that can make you ill病菌，细菌
→ bacteria
•Put disinfectant down the toilet to kill any germs. 在抽水马桶里投放消毒剂杀菌。
2.the germ of an idea/theory/feeling etc
the early stage of an idea, feeling etc that may develop into something bigger and more important
观念/理论/感情等的萌芽
•The germ of a story began to form in his mind. 一个故事开始在他的头脑里成形。
3.technical the part of a plant or animal that can develop into a new plant or animal
胚原基，胚芽
→ wheatgerm → germ warfare
•germ cells containing DNA 含DNA的生殖细胞
34
harangue
/hə'ræŋ/
to speak in a loud angry way, often for a long time, in order to criticize someone or to persuade them that you are right
对…慷慨激昂地演说；高声训斥
harangue sb about sth
•He stood on the street corner, haranguing passers-by about the stupidity of the forthcoming war. 他站在街角向路人慷慨陈词，痛诉这场即将爆发的战争是如何荒唐。
DERIVATIVE 派生词
harangue n [C]
n. 长篇大论；高谈阔论；热烈的演说
vt. 向…滔滔不绝地演讲；大声训斥
vi. 高谈阔论；慷慨陈词
过去式 harangued过去分词 harangued现在分词 haranguing
35
hush
/hʌʃ/
1.hush
spoken used to tell people to be quiet, or to comfort a child who is crying or upset
嘘〔用于叫人别出声或哄小孩子〕
•Hush, now. Try to get to sleep. 嘘，别哭了。 好好睡吧。
2.[T] written to make someone stop shouting, talking, crying etc
使安静（下来）
•Ella asked them to hush their voices. 埃拉叫他们别作声。
3.[I] written to stop shouting, talking etc
安静（下来）
•The audience hushed as he stepped onto the stage. 他走上舞台，观众安静了下来。
PHRVB 短语动词
hush sth ←→ upphr v
to prevent people from knowing about something dishonest or immoral
隐瞒，遮掩〔不诚实或不道德之事〕
•The whole affair was hushed up by the government. 政府隐瞒了整个事件。
hush 2 n.
1.[singular,单数] a period of silence, especially when people are expecting something to happen
寂静，安静〔尤在人们期待某事发生时〕
•A sudden hush fell over the crowd. 人群突然变得鸦雀无声。
2.a bit of hush
spoken used to ask people, especially noisy children, to be quiet
安静一点〔尤用于要求吵闹的小孩〕
•Let’s have a bit of hush, please, gentlemen. 先生们，请大家安静 一点。
36
immeasurable
ɪ'meʒərəbəl/
adj. 无限的；[数] 不可计量的；不能测量的
used to emphasize that something is too big or too extreme to be measured
无法计量的
•
The refugee problem has now reached immeasurable proportions. 难民问题现在已经到了无法估量的程度。
DERIVATIVE 派生词
immeasurably adv
•
Your Spanish has improved immeasurably. 你的西班牙语进步极大。
37
infinite
```
/'ɪnfɪnɪt,'ɪnfənɪt,'ɪnfɪnət,'ɪnfənət/
1.very great in amount or degree
〔数量或程度上〕极大的
•a woman of infinite patience 极有耐心的女子
an infinite number/variety of sth
•There was an infinite variety of drinks to choose from. 有各种各样的饮料可以选择。
2.without limits in space or time
〔空间或时间〕无限的，无穷无尽的
OPP finite
•The universe is infinite. 宇宙是无限的。
→ at 见 wisdom →in sb’s (infinite) wisdom at 见 wisdom4 → non-finite
```
38
insane
/ɪn'seɪn/
1.informal completely stupid or crazy, often in a way that is dangerous愚蠢的；疯狂的
•That’s an insane risk. 那是疯狂的冒险之举。
•The whole idea sounds absolutely insane to me. 整个主意在我看来荒谬至极。
•Why did you do that? Have you gone insane? 为什么这么做？你疯了吗？
2.someone who is insane is permanently and seriously mentally ill so that they cannot live in normal society
精神错乱的；精神失常的；疯癫的
•The killer was declared criminally insane. 这名杀人犯被判定为精神失常犯罪。
3.the insane
people who are mentally ill
精神病患者
•a hospital for the insane 精神病院
DERIVATIVE 派生词
insanely adv
•insanely jealous 疯狂地妒忌
•She giggled insanely. 她傻乎乎地咯咯笑了。
以上来源于《朗文当代高级英语辞典》
39
ion
/'aɪən/
technical
an atom which has been given a positive or negative force by adding or taking away an electron离子
40
jealousy
/'dʒeləsi/
pl: jealousies
a feeling of being jealous妒忌，嫉妒
RELTD envy
•Sexual jealousy is a common motive for murder. 性嫉妒是常见的谋杀动机。
•feelings of professional jealousy 职业上的嫉妒感
•He quickly discovered the petty jealousies and gossip of village life. 他很快就发现，在乡村生活中，人们狭隘善妒，喜欢传播流言蜚语。
a pang/stab/twinge of jealousy (=a sudden feeling of jealousy)一阵嫉妒
•Polly felt a sharp pang of jealousy when she saw Paul with Suzanne. 波莉看到保罗和苏珊娜在一起时，一阵强烈的妒意涌上心头。
41
launch
/lɔːntʃ/
1.START STH 开始做某事
to start something, usually something big or important
发动，发起，开始从事〔大型或重要活动〕
•The organization has launched a campaign to raise $150,000. 为了筹集15万美元，该组织发起了一场募捐活动。
•The Canadian police plan to launch an investigation into the deal. 加拿大警方计划对这宗交易进行调查。
•The book launched his career as a novelist. 这本书开启了他的小说创作生涯。
launch an attack/assault/offensive
•The press launched a vicious attack on the President. 新闻界开始对总统进行恶毒攻击。
2.PRODUCT 产品
to make a new product, book etc available for sale for the first time
把〔新产品、新书等〕投放市场；出版，发行
•The company hopes to launch the new drug by next October. 公司希望于明年10月前推出这种新药。
3.BOAT 船
to put a boat or ship into the water
使〔船〕下水
PHRVB 短语动词
launch into sthphr v
1.to suddenly start a description or story, or suddenly start criticizing something
突然开始〔描述、叙述或抨击〕，发起
•Nelson launched into a blistering criticism of greedy lawyers. 纳尔逊开始对贪心不足的律师予以猛烈抨击。
2.to suddenly start doing something
投入，开始干
•Don’t just launch into exercise without warming up first. 没有热身不要立即开始做运动。
launch outphr vBrE
1.to start something new, especially something that involves risk
开始，着手〔新事情，尤指有风险的事〕
launch 2 n. [C ]
1.when a new product, book etc is made available or made known
〔新产品的〕投放市场；〔新书的〕发行
•a new product launch 新产品的推出
[+ of]
•the launch of a new women’s magazine 一本新女性杂志的发行
2.a large boat with a motor
游艇，汽艇
3.when a weapon or spacecraft is sent into the sky or into space
〔武器或航天器的〕发射
42
marvel
/'mɑːv ə l/
pp: marvelled marveled pt: marvelled marveled pres part: marvelling marveling
to feel or express great surprise or admiration at something, especially someone’s behaviour
〔尤指对某人的行为〕感到惊讶，钦佩；赞美
•‘The man is a genius,’ marvelled Claire. “这人是个天才。”克莱尔赞叹道。
[+ at/over]
•I marvelled at my mother’s ability to remain calm in a crisis. 我佩服母亲处变不惊的本领。
•Visitors to Rome marvel over the beauty of the city. 到罗马的游客都对这座城市的美丽赞叹不已。
marvel that
•I marvelled that anyone could be so stupid. 我感到惊讶，竟会有人如此愚蠢。
marvel 2 n. [C ]
something or someone that is extremely useful or skilful
十分有用[灵巧]的物[人]
SYN miracle,wonder
•an engineering marvel 工程上的一个奇迹
•I don’t know how he did it – he’s an absolute marvel! 我不知道他是怎么成功的——他真了不起！
[+ of]
•the marvels of modern science 现代科学的奇迹
43
mere
/mɪə/
superl: merest
1.used to emphasize how small or unimportant something or someone is
仅仅，只不过〔用于强调小或微不足道〕
•She lost the election by a mere 20 votes. 她仅仅以20票之差落选。
•He’s a mere child. 他只是个孩子。
•It can’t be a mere coincidence that they left at the same time. 他们同时离开不可能仅仅是巧合。
2.used to emphasize that something which is small or not extreme has a big effect or is important
极小的，极不重要的〔用于表示某物虽小或平常，却有很大的影响或重要性〕
•The merest little noise makes him nervous. 一丁点的响声也会使他紧张。
•The mere thought of food made her feel sick. 一想到食物她就恶心。
•The mere fact that the talks are continuing is a positive sign. 会谈仍在继续，单单这一点就是个好的征兆。
mere 2 n. [C ]literary
a lake
44
millennium
/mɪ'leniəm/
pl: millennia
1.a period of 1,000 years
一千年，千年期
•people who have inhabited this land for millennia 在这片土地上已经居住了数千年的人们
2.[usually singular,一般用单数] the time when a new 1,000-year period begins
新千年开始的时刻，新千年开始之际
•the beginning of a new millennium 新千年伊始
•events which took place at the turn of the last millennium 在上个千年之交发生的事件
DERIVATIVE 派生词
millennial adj
45
momentous
/məʊ'mentəs,mə-/
a momentous event, change, or decision is very important because it will have a great influence on the future
〔事件、变化或决定等〕重大的，重要的
THESAURUS important
•a momentous decision 重大决定
•Momentous events are taking place in the US. 美国正在发生重大事件。
•His colleagues all recognized that this was a momentous occasion . 他的同事都认识到这是一个重要时刻。
•one of the most momentous days in British sport 英国体育事业最重要的日子之一
46
monotony
/mə'nɒt ə ni/
the quality of being always the same, which makes something boring, especially someone’s life or work
〔尤指生活和工作的〕单调乏味，无变化，千篇一律
[+ of]
•She wanted to escape the monotony of her everyday life. 她想摆脱每天一成不变的单调生活。
relieve/break the monotony
•He suggested a card game to relieve the monotony of the journey. 他建议在旅途中打纸牌解闷。
47
moss
n. 苔藓；泥沼
| vt. 使长满苔藓
48
motor
/'məʊtə/
MEANINGS 义项
1.the part of a machine that makes it work or move, by changing power, especially electrical power, into movement
马达；发动机；电动机
•an electric motor 电动马达
Motor is not generally used to refer to the part of a vehicle which produces the power for it to move. Use engine 通常不用motor指车辆的发动机，而用engine: My car needs a new engine. 我的车需要换一台新的发动机。
2.old-fashioned or informal a car汽车
•That’s a nice motor you’ve got, Dave. 你这车不错啊，戴夫。
→ outboard motor
motor 2 adj. [only before noun 仅用于名词前]
1.relating to cars or other vehicles with engines汽车的；机动车辆的
•the motor industry 汽车工业
•a motor accident 车祸
•motor insurance 汽车保险
2.having an engine有引擎的，机动的
•a motor scooter 低座小摩托车
3.technical relating to nerves that make muscles move运动神经的
•impaired motor function 受损的运动神经功能
motor 3 v. [I always + adv/prep ]
old-fashioned
to travel by car
乘汽车旅行；驾车旅行
•Bertie is motoring down from London. 伯蒂要从伦敦开车走。
49
nay
/neɪ/
1.[sentence adverb,句子副词] literary used when you are adding something to emphasize what you have just said
不但如此，而且〔用于强调〕
•a bright e_SEnD nay, a blinding light 一道明亮，甚至令人目眩的光
2.old use used to say no不，否
•Nay, lad. It’s not that bad. 不，小伙子。 没有那么糟。
nay 2 n. [C ]
a ‘no’ – used when voting
反对〔用于投票〕
50
overboard
əʊvəbɔːd/
adv. 自船上落下；向船外
adj. 极其热心的；全身心投入的
1.over the side of a ship or boat into the water从船舷掉入水中
•One of the crew fell overboard and drowned. 有一个船员从船上落水淹死了。
•Man overboard (= said when someone falls off a boat )! 有人落水了！
2.go overboard
to do or say something that is too extreme for a particular situation
做事[说话]过分，走极端
•I hope politicians will not go overboard in trying to control the press. 我希望政客们在控制媒体方面不要做得太过分。
3.throw sth overboard
to get rid of an idea, system etc that is considered to be useless or unnecessary
抛弃某事物，去除某事物
51
platform
/'plætfɔːm/
1.TRAIN 火车
the raised place beside a railway track where you get on and off a train in a station
站台，月台
•The Edinburgh train will depart from platform six. 开往爱丁堡的火车将从六号站台发车。
2.FOR SPEECHES 用于演讲
a stage for people to stand on when they are making a speech, performing etc
讲台；戏台，舞台
•a small raised platform at one end of the room 房间一端凸起的小讲台
3.POLITICS 政治
[usually singular] the main ideas and aims of a political party, especially the ones that they state just before an election 〔尤指竞选之前发表的〕政纲，纲领
•a strong women’s rights platform 强硬的妇女权利政纲
•the Labour party platform 工党纲领
a chance for someone to express their opinions, especially their political opinions 〔发表观点的〕机会，讲坛〔尤指政治讲坛〕
[+ for]
•The conference provides a platform for people on the left wing of the party. 这次会议给该党的左翼人士提供了发表意见的机会。
52
plunge
/plʌndʒ/
1.[I,T always + adv/prep] to move, fall, or be thrown suddenly forwards or downwards
（使）突然向前倒下[跌落]
[+ off/into etc]
•Her car swerved and plunged off the cliff. 她的车突然转向，冲下了悬崖。
•Both the climbers had plunged to their deaths . 两位攀登者都坠落身亡。
2.[I] if a price, rate etc plunges, it suddenly decreases by a large amount
〔价格、比率等〕暴跌，骤降
•The unemployment rate plunged sharply. 失业率骤降。
•In the recession, the company’s profits plunged 60%. 萧条时期，那家公司的利润骤跌了60%。
[+ to]
•Oil prices have plunged to a new low . 石油价格创了新低。
3.[I] literary if a ship plunges, it moves violently up and down because of big waves〔船〕猛烈地颠簸
THESAURUS decrease
PHRVB 短语动词
plunge inphr v
1.to start talking or doing something quickly and confidently, especially without thinking about it first贸然行动
•It’s a difficult situation. You can’t just plunge in and put everything right. 情况棘手，不是贸然行动就解决得了的。
•‘I don’t agree,’ she said, plunging into the conversation. “我不同意。”她突然加入了谈话。
2.to jump or dive into water跳进〔水中〕
•He stripped off and plunged into the sea. 他脱光衣服跳入海中。
3.plunge sth←→in to push something firmly and deeply into something else
把某物投[插，刺]入某物
•He opened the bag and plunged his hand in. 他打开包，把手伸了进去。
•Plunge the pasta into boiling water. 把意大利面倒入沸水中。
•Repeatedly she plunged the knife into his chest. 她在他的胸膛连刺数刀。
plunge ( sb/sth ) into sthphr v
1.to suddenly experience a difficult or unpleasant situation, or to make someone or something do this
（使某人/某物）陷入[遭受]〔某种困难或不利局面〕
•A strike would plunge the country into chaos. 罢工会让国家陷入混乱。
•The house was suddenly plunged into darkness . 房子一下子陷入黑暗之中。
•After the war, the family plunged into debt. 战后，这家人债台高筑。
plunge 2 n.
1.take the plunge
to decide to do something important or risky, especially after thinking about it for a long time
〔尤指经过长时间思考之后〕决定奋力一搏，决定冒险一试
•We took the plunge and set up our own business. 我们毅然决定自己创业。
2.[C] a sudden large decrease in the price, value etc of something
〔价格、价值等的〕骤降
[+ in]
•a dramatic plunge in house prices 房价的暴跌
3.[C usually singular,一般用单数] a sudden movement down or forwards
突降；俯冲
•The plane began a headlong plunge towards the Earth. 飞机开始栽向地面。
53
ponder
/'pɒndə/
formal
to spend time thinking carefully and seriously about a problem, a difficult question, or something that has happened
仔细考虑，深思
SYN consider 【正式】
THESAURUS think
•He continued to ponder the problem as he walked home. 他一边往家走一边继续思考那个问题。
[+ on/over/about]
•The university board is still pondering over the matter. 大学董事会仍在考虑那个问题。
ponder how/what/whether
•Jay stood still for a moment, pondering whether to go or not. 杰伊静静地站了一会儿，琢磨着要不要去。
54
queer
```
/kwɪə/
1.taboo an offensive word used to describe someone who is homosexual, especially a man. Do not use this word.
〔尤指男性〕同性恋的
2.old-fashioned strange or difficult to explain
奇怪的；难以解释的
•She gave a queer laugh. 她古怪地笑了笑。
•Hank was beginning to feel a little queer. 汉克开始感觉有点不对头。
3.queer in the head
old-fashioned slightly crazy
脑子有问题的；精神不太正常的
DERIVATIVE 派生词
queerly adv
•Sue looked at him queerly. 休神情古怪地望着他。
queer 2 n. [C ]
taboo
an offensive word for a homosexual person, especially a man. Do not use this word.
同性恋者〔尤指男性〕
queer 3 v.
queer sb's pitch/queer the pitch for sb
informal to make it difficult for someone to do something that they had planned to do
破坏[阻挠]某人的计划
```
55
reel
/riːl/
1.to be confused or shocked by a situation
迷惑；震惊
•Norman’s brain was reeling, but he did his best to appear calm. 诺曼头都晕了，但他尽量显得平静。
[+ from]
•The party is still reeling from its recent election defeat. 这个政党仍被最近的选举失利弄得晕头转向。
2.to step backwards suddenly and almost fall over, especially after being hit or getting a shock尤指被打或震惊而〕踉跄着后退
•Diane reeled back in amazement. 黛安娜惊讶得朝后打了一个趔趄。
•The force of the punch sent him reeling against the wall. 那一拳打得他趔趄着靠在墙上。
3.[always + adv/prep] to walk in an unsteady way and almost fall over, as if you are drunk
蹒跚，踉跄
•Andy reeled away from the bar and knocked over his stool. 安迪踉跄着离开吧台，把凳子都撞倒了。
reel sb/sth ←→ in phr v
1.to wind the reel on a fishing rod so that a fish caught on the line comes towards you
卷，绕 〔钓线〕
•It took almost an hour to reel the fish in. 花了将近一个小时才收了线，把鱼钓上来。
2.to get or attract a large number of people or things吸引〔大量的人或物〕
•The programme reels in more than 13 million viewers a show. 这节目每次播出都能吸引超过1,300万名观众收看。
reel sth ←→ offphr v
1.to repeat a lot of information quickly and easily一口气背出
•Jack reeled off a list of names. 杰克一口气背出了一长串名字。
2.to do something again and again
一再做某事
•The Yankees reeled off 14 straight wins. 扬基队连胜14场。
cotton reel BrE 【英】 棉线轴；reel 卷轴；a reel of film 一盘胶片 REEL 卷轴；卷盘
reel 2 n. [C ]
1.a round object onto which film, wire, a special string for fishing etc can be wound 卷轴，卷筒；卷盘；绕线轮
→见 fishing
•a cotton reel 棉线轴
•a fishing rod and reel 钓竿和钓线轴
the amount that one of these objects will hold 一卷（之量）
•a reel of film 一卷胶卷
2.one of the parts of a cinema film that is contained on a reel
（一部影片的〕一盘
•the final reel 影片结尾部分
3.a quick folk dance, especially one from Scotland or Ireland, or the music for this
里尔舞〔一种轻快的民间舞蹈，尤指苏格兰或爱尔兰舞蹈〕；里尔舞曲
56
render
/'rendə/
1.to cause someone or something to be in a particular condition
使成为；使变得；使处于〔某种状态〕
render sb/sth impossible/harmless/unconscious etc
•He was rendered almost speechless by the news. 听到这个消息他几乎说不出话来。
•The blow to his head was strong enough to render him unconscious. 他头上挨了重重的一击，昏了过去。
2.formal to give something to someone or do something, because it is your duty or because someone expects you to
给予，提供
•an obligation to render assistance to those in need 为有困难的人提供援助的义务
•a bill of $3,200 for services rendered 一张3,200美元服务费的账单
render a decision/opinion/judgment etc
•It is unlikely that the court will render an opinion before November 5. 法庭不可能在11月5日以前表态。
3.to express or present something in a particular way〔以某种方式〕表达；表现
render sth as sth
•She made a sound that in print is rendered as ‘harrumph’. 她发出一个声音，写出来就是harrumph。
render sth sth
•Infrared film renders blue skies a deep black. 红外线胶片将蓝色的天空拍成深黑色。
render sth in sth
•a sculpture rendered in bronze 一尊青铜雕像
57
rivet
/'rɪvɪt,'rɪvət/
1.be riveted on/to/by sth
if your attention is riveted on something, you are so interested or so frightened that you keep looking at it
目不转睛地看某物
•All eyes were riveted on her in horror. 所有人都恐惧地盯着她看。
2.be riveted to the spot
to be so shocked or frightened that you cannot move
〔震惊或害怕得〕动弹不得
3.[T] to fasten something with rivets
〔用铆钉〕固定，铆接
rivet 2 n. [C ]
a metal pin used to fasten pieces of metal together铆钉
RELTD bolt
58
sheer
/ʃɪə/
MEANINGS 义项
```
1.
the sheer weight/size etc
used to emphasize that something is very heavy, large etc
〔某物〕之重/之大等〔用于强调〕
[+ of]
•
The sheer size of the country makes communications difficult. 该国幅员辽阔，造成了通信的困难。
2.
sheer luck/happiness/stupidity etc
luck, happiness etc with no other feeling or quality mixed with it
纯粹的运气/快乐/愚蠢等
SYN pure
```
```
•
I’ll never forget the look of sheer joy on her face. 我永远也不会忘记她满脸喜悦的神情。
•
sheer hypocrisy 十足的虚伪
3.
a sheer drop, cliff, slope etc is very steep and almost vertical
〔悬崖、斜坡等〕陡峭的，近乎垂直的
显示更多
sheer 2 adv.
英
MEANINGS 义项
```
straight up or down in an almost vertical line
陡峭地，近乎垂直地
SYN steeply
```
•
cliffs which rose sheer from the sea 从海面垂直拔起的悬崖
sheer 3 v. [I always + adv/prep ]
英
MEANINGS 义项
```
to change direction suddenly, especially in order to avoid something
突然转向〔尤指为了避开某物〕
SYN swerve
[+ off/away]
•
The boat sheered away and headed out to sea. 这艘小船突然转向朝大海驶去。
59
shift
/ʃɪft/
1.MOVE 移动
[I,T] to move from one place or position to another, or make something do this （使）移动，（使）转移
•Joe listened, shifting uncomfortably from one foot to another. 乔听着，不安地把重心从一只脚转移到另一只脚。
•She shifted her gaze from me to Bobby. 她把目光从我身上移到博比身上。
[T] to move something, especially by picking it up and carrying it 移动；搬动
•Give me a hand to shift these chairs. 帮我挪一挪这几把椅子。
2.CHANGE ATTENTION 转移注意力
[T] to change a situation, discussion etc by giving special attention to one idea or subject instead of to a previous one
转移〔注意力等〕
shift sth away/onto/from etc
•The White House hopes to shift the media’s attention away from foreign policy issues. 白宫希望把媒体的注意力从外交政策问题上转移开。
attention/emphasis/focus shifts
•In this stage of a rape case, the focus often shifts onto the victim and her conduct. 强奸案审理到这一阶段，焦点往往会转移到受害人以及她的行为上去。
shift gear (=change what you are doing)转换行为
•It’s hard to shift gear when you come home after a busy day at work. 上班忙了一天回到家里很难回过神来。
3.CHANGE OPINION 改变观点
[I,T] if someone’s opinions, beliefs etc shift, they change转变；改变〔意见、信仰等〕
•Public opinion was beginning to shift to the right (= become more right-wing ) . 公众舆论开始右倾。
•shifting attitudes towards marriage 逐渐转变的婚姻观
•He refused to shift his ground (= change his opinion ) . 他拒绝改变自己的立场。
shift 2 n. [C ] AC
1.a change in the way people think about something, in the way something is done etc
〔想法、做法等的〕改变，转变
•a marked shift (= noticeable change ) in attitudes towards women 对女性态度的明显变化
[+ from/to]
•the shift from one type of economic system to another 从一种经济体系向另一种经济体系的转变
[+ in]
•an important shift in policy 政策上的重大改变
if workers in a factory, hospital etc work shifts, they work for a particular period of time during the day or night, and are then replaced by others, so that there are always people working 〔工厂、医院等轮班制中的〕当班时间
•
I work shifts. 我轮班工作。
•
A shift system has been introduced. 实行了轮班工作制。
do/work a (10-/12-/24- etc hour) shift
•
Dave had to work a 12-hour shift yesterday. 戴夫昨天要上一个12小时的班。
night/day etc shift
•
The thought of working night shifts put her off becoming a nurse. 想到要上夜班，她就打消了当护士的念头。
early/late shift
•
I’m on the early shift tomorrow. 明天我要上早班。
shift work/worker/working
•
people who do shift work 做轮班工作的人
the workers who work during one of these periods 轮班工人
night/day/early/late shift
•
before the early shift goes off duty 在早班工人下班之前
2.
a shift key
〔键盘上的〕shift键，换挡键
•
To run the spell-checker, press SHIFT and F7. 要使用拼写检查程序，按shift键和F7键。
3.
a simple straight loose-fitting woman’s dress
直筒连衣裙
60
skull
/skʌl/
1.the bones of a person’s or animal’s head
〔人或动物的〕颅骨，头骨
→ see picture at 见 skeleton
2.sb can’t get it into their (thick) skull
spoken someone is unable to understand something very simple
某人的笨脑袋无法明白
•He can’t seem to get it into his skull that I’m just not interested in him. 他这个笨蛋好像无法明白我根本对他不感兴趣。
61
spring
/sprɪŋ/
SEASON 季节
[C,U] the season between winter and summer when leaves and flowers appear
春天，春季
•spring flowers 春花
[+ of]
•the spring of 1933 1933 年春季
in/during the spring
•It’s due to open in the spring. 预定在春天开放。
late/early spring
•It was a cold, sunny day in early spring. 那是早春的一个晴朗的寒天。
2.CURVED METAL 弯曲的金属
[C usually plural] something, usually a twisted piece of metal, that will return to its previous shape after it has been pressed down 弹簧；发条
•an old armchair with broken springs 一把弹簧已坏的旧扶手椅
[U] the ability of a chair, bed etc to return to its normal shape after being pressed down 〔椅子、床等的〕弹性，弹力
3.WATER 水
[C] a place where water comes up naturally from the ground
泉，泉源
•spring water 泉水
•There are several hot springs in the area. 这地区有几处温泉。
spring 2 v.
pt: sprang pp: sprung
1.MOVE SUDDENLY 突然移动
[I always + adv/prep] to move suddenly and quickly in a particular direction, especially by jumping
跳，跳跃，跳起
SYN leap
•He sprang to his feet (= stood up suddenly ) and rushed after her. 他腾地站起身，冲过去追她。
[+ out of/from]
•Tom sprung out of bed and ran downstairs. 汤姆跳下床，冲到楼下。
spring out at sb
•Two men sprang out at me as I was walking through the park. 我正在公园里走着，两名男子突然朝我冲来。
spring to sb’s aid/assistance (=move quickly to help someone)赶快去帮助某人
•
One of the young policemen sprang to her assistance. 有个年轻的警察赶紧过去帮她。
2.
MOVE BACK 复原
[I always + adv/prep] if something springs back, open etc, it moves quickly, suddenly, and with force, especially after being pushed down or sideways
弹回原处，反弹
[+ back/up]
•
The branch sprang back and hit him in the face. 树枝弹回来，打在他的脸上。
spring open/shut
•
The gate sprang shut behind them. 大门在他们身后弹回关上了。
3.
spring to (sb’s) mind
if someone or something springs to mind, you immediately think of them
（某人）马上想到
•
Two questions spring to mind. 脑子里跳出了两个问题。
显示更多
REGISTER 语体
```
Spring is used mostly in literature. In everyday English, people usually say jump .
spring 主要用于文学作品。在日常英语中,人们通常说 jump
•
He jumped out of bed. 他跳下床。
PHRVB 短语动词
```
spring for sthphr vAmE
1.
to pay for something
付账，付钱
•
I’ll spring for the beer tonight. 今晚的啤酒我买单。
spring from sthphr v
1.
to be caused by something or start from something
由…引起
•
behaviour which springs from prejudices 因偏见而产生的行为
spring sth on sbphr v
1.
to tell someone something or ask them to do something when they do not expect it and are not ready for it
向〔某人〕突然说[要求]〔意料之外的事〕
•
It’s not fair to spring this on her without any warning. 事先也不说一声就这样要求她，这是不公平的。
62
stagnation
n. 停滞；滞止
63
streetcar
n. 有轨电车
64
suicide
/'suːɪsaɪd,'suːəsaɪd,'sjuː-/
1.the act of killing yourself自杀
•More people commit suicide at Christmas than at any other time. 圣诞节期间自杀的人比其他任何时候都多。
•My mother attempted suicide on many occasions. 我母亲多次试图自杀。
•He apparently left a suicide note (= letter explaining his reasons for killing himself ) on his desk. 他显然在桌上留了封绝笔信。
2.political/economic suicide
something you do that ruins your good position in politics or the economy
断送政治前程/经济发展之举
•He said a vote for Labour would be a vote for economic suicide. 他说投工党的票等于是自毁经济。
3.suicide attack/mission/bombing etc
an attack etc in which the person who carries out the attack deliberately kills himself or herself in the process of killing other people自杀性攻击/任务/爆炸等
65
surge
/sɜːdʒ/
[always + adv/prep] to suddenly move very quickly in a particular direction
迅速涌动，蜂拥向前
[+ forward/through etc]
•The taxi surged forward. 出租车突然往前冲。
•The crowd surged through the gates. 人群蜂拥着通过大门。
2.if a feeling surges or surges up, you begin to feel it very strongly
〔情感〕涌起，涌现
•She could feel anger surging inside her. 她感到怒火中烧。
3.[usually + adv/prep] if a large amount of a liquid, electricity, chemical etc surges, it moves very quickly and suddenly
〔大量液体〕汹涌；〔电流〕浪涌；〔化学物等〕突然涌动
•A wave surged up towards them. 一个浪头向他们涌来。
•Adrenalin surged through her veins. 她血脉偾张。
surge 2 n. [C usually singular 一般用单数]
1a surge of sth
a sudden large increase in a feeling
〔情感的〕突发；涌现
•a surge of excitement 一阵兴奋
2.a sudden increase in amount or number〔数量的〕急剧增加，激增
[+ in/of]
•a surge in food costs 食品成本的急剧增加
•a surge of reporters’ interest in his finances记者对他财务状况的突然关注
3.a sudden movement of a lot of people
〔人群的〕蜂拥
[+ of]
•a surge of refugees into the country 涌入这个国家的难民潮
66
surgery
/'sɜːdʒ ə ri/
pl: surgeries
MEANINGS 义项
1.
[U] medical treatment in which a surgeon cuts open your body to repair or remove something inside
外科手术
RELTD operation
→ cosmetic surgery → plastic surgery
[+ on]
•
She required surgery on her right knee. 她的右膝需要做手术。
[+ for]
•
He underwent surgery for lung cancer. 他因肺癌接受了手术。
in surgery
•
She was in surgery for two hours Thursday. 周四她做了两小时的手术。
2.
[U] the place where operations are done in a hospital
手术室
SYN operating room especially AmE,AmE,BrE 【尤美】,【美】,【英】
```
•
Dr. Hanson is in surgery. 汉森医生在手术室。
3.
[C] a place where a doctor or dentist gives treatment
〔医生或牙医的〕诊所
SYN office BrE,AmE 【英】,【美】
```
显示更多
COLLOCATIONS 词语搭配
1.
VERBS 动词
have surgery 做手术
•
Leslie had surgery on her toe last year. 莱斯莉去年脚趾做了手术。
undergo surgery(=have surgery) 接受手术
•
He underwent surgery to remove a bullet from his chest. 他接受手术,取出了胸腔内的子弹。
do/carry out surgery 做手术
•
A San Antonio doctor has volunteered to perform the surgery at no cost. 圣安东尼奥的一位医生主动提出免费做手术。
need surgery 需要手术
•
He is likely to need surgery in the near future. 他可能不久就需要接受手术。
2.
ADJECTIVES/NOUN 形容词/名词 + surgery
successful 成功的
•
The surgery was successful and he’s recovering well. 手术很成功,他恢复得很好。
major/minor surgery 大/小手术
•
He will require major surgery to remove the lump. 他将需要接受大手术来切除肿块。
heart/knee/brain etc surgery 心脏/膝盖/脑部等手术
•
She is now fit again after knee surgery. 膝盖手术后她已恢复了健康。
emergency surgery(=done quickly, in an emergency) 紧急手术
cosmetic/plastic surgery(=surgery to improve someone’s appearance) 整容/整形手术
laser surgery(=surgery done using a laser) 激光手术
keyhole surgery(=surgery done through a very small hole in the skin) 微创手术
COMMON ERRORS 常见错误
Do not say ‘make surgery’. For a doctor, say perform surgery or carry out surgery . For the patient, say have surgery or undergo surgery . 不要说 make surgery。医生做手术,说 perform surgery 或 carry out surgery。病人做手术,说 have surgery 或 undergo surgery。
67
systematically
adv. 有系统地；有组织地
68
texture
/'tekstʃə/
1.the way a surface or material feels when you touch it, especially how smooth or rough it is〔尤指光滑或粗糙的〕手感，质感，质地
•a designer who experiments with different colours and textures 尝试不同色彩和材质的设计师
smooth/silky/rough etc texture
•the smooth texture of silk 丝绸的光滑质感
2.the way that a particular type of food feels in your mouth口感
creamy/crunchy/meaty etc texture
•This soup has a lovely creamy texture. 这汤喝起来有奶油的口感，挺不错的。
3.formal the way the different parts of a piece of writing, music, art etc are combined in order to produce a final effect
〔文章、音乐、艺术等作品的〕神韵
•the rich texture of Shakespeare’s English 莎士比亚笔下英语的丰富神韵
DERIVATIVE 派生词
textural adj
texturally adv
69
thoroughfare
/'θʌrəfeə/
1.[C] the main road through a place such as a city or village大街，大道
•The motel was off the main thoroughfare . 那家汽车旅馆远离大路。
2.no thoroughfare
a written sign used to tell people that they cannot go on a particular road or path
此路不通；禁止通行〔标牌用语〕
70
thrill
/θrɪl/
1.
[C] a sudden strong feeling of excitement and pleasure, or the thing that makes you feel this
〔突然而又强烈的〕激动，狂喜；令人激动的事
•
Winning first place must have been quite a thrill. 赢得第一名肯定让人非常激动。
•
Even though I’ve been acting for years, I still get a thrill out of going on stage. 尽管我演了多年戏，走上舞台我仍然感到十分激动。
•
It gave Pat a thrill to finally see the group perform live. 帕特终于看到这个乐队现场表演，感到十分激动。
the thrill of (doing) sth (=the excitement you get from something)（做）某事获得的兴奋感
•
the thrill of travelling at high speeds 高速行驶的刺激感
a thrill of excitement/anticipation/fear etc
•
She felt a thrill of pride as her son stepped forward. 当她的儿子迈步向前，她感到一阵自豪。
do sth for the thrill of it (=do something for excitement and not for any serious reason)为了寻求刺激而做某事
2.
thrills and spills
informal the excitement and danger involved in an activity, especially a sport
〔尤指体育运动中的〕惊险刺激
3.
the thrill of the chase/hunt
the excitement you feel when you are trying to get something that is difficult to get, especially when you are trying to get a romantic relationship with someone
追求过程中的刺激感〔尤指追求某人时〕
→ at 见 cheap →cheap thrill at 见 cheap6
thrill 2 v. [T ]
英
MEANINGS 义项
```
to make someone feel excited and happy
使兴奋，使激动
RELTD thrilling
•
His music continues to thrill audiences. 他的音乐依然能扣人心弦。
PHRVB 短语动词
```
thrill to sthphr v
to feel excited and happy about something
对…感到非常兴奋[激动]
•
In the 1960s, the public thrilled to the idea of space exploration. 20世纪60年代，公众对于太空探险的想法感到激动不已。
71
toss
/tɒs/
MEANINGS 义项
1.
[T] to throw something, especially something light, with a quick gentle movement of your hand
扔，掷，抛〔尤指轻的东西〕
THESAURUS throw
toss sth into/onto etc sth
•
She crumpled the letter and tossed it into the fire. 她把信揉成一团，扔进了火里。
toss sth aside/over etc
•
Toss that book over, will you? 把那本书扔过来，好吗？
toss sth to sb
•
‘Catch!’ said Sandra, tossing her bag to him. “接着！”桑德拉边说边把她的包扔给他。
toss sb sth
•
Frank tossed her the newspaper. 弗兰克把报纸扔给她。
2.
[I,T] to move about continuously in a violent or uncontrolled way, or to make something do this
（使）动来动去；（使）翻转不停
toss sth around/about
•
The small boat was tossed about like a cork. 小船像软木般被水流抛来抛去。
3.
toss and turn
to keep changing your position in bed because you cannot sleep
〔因睡不着在床上〕翻来覆去
•
I’ve been tossing and turning all night. 我一晚上辗转反侧。
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PHRVB 短语动词
toss offphr v
1.
toss sth ←→ off to produce something quickly and without much effort
轻而易举地完成某事
•
one of those painters who can toss off a couple of pictures before breakfast 一位早餐前就能信手画出两三幅画的那种画家
2.
toss sth ←→ off to drink something quickly
将某物一饮而尽
•
He tossed off a few whiskies. 他一口气喝下几杯威士忌酒。
3.
toss (sb) off to masturbate
手淫
toss sth/sb ←→ outphr vAmE
1.
to get rid of something that you do not want
抛弃，扔掉
•
I tossed most of that stuff out when we moved. 我们搬家时，我把那些东西大部分都扔了。
2.
to make someone leave a place, especially because of bad behaviour
撵走，赶出〔行为不端的人〕
•
Kurt was tossed out of the club for trying to start a fight.库尔特因企图寻衅打架被赶出俱乐部。
toss 2 n. [C ]
英
MEANINGS 义项
1.
the act of throwing a coin in the air to decide something, especially who will do something first in a game
抛硬币决定
•
The toss of a coin decided who would go first. 抛硬币决定了谁先走。
win/lose the toss
•
Malory won the toss and will serve. 马洛里抛硬币赢了，将由他来开球。
2.
a sudden backwards movement of your head, so that your hair moves, often showing anger
甩头，猛一仰头
•
‘I’ll see,’ the nurse said, with an officious toss of her head . 护士架子十足地一甩头，说:“我看看再说。”
3.
a gentle throw
〔轻轻的〕抛，扔，投
显示更多
→ at 见 argue →argue the toss at 见 argue5
72
undreamed-of
/ʌn'driːmd ɒv/
also 又作 undreamt-of
much more or much better than you thought was possible
梦想不到的，想象不到的
•undreamt-of success 意外的成功•
Men were becoming interested in fashion on a scale undreamed-of in the 1960s. 男性对时尚表现出极大的兴趣，这在20世纪 60 年代是想象不到的。
73
upright
/'ʌpraɪt/
1.standing or sitting straight up
〔站或坐得〕笔直的[地]，挺直的[地]
•Katie was still awake, sitting bolt upright(= sitting with her back very straight ) staring at the television. 凯蒂还醒着，坐得笔直，眼睛盯着电视。
sit/stand/walk upright
•The chimpanzee stood upright and grasped the bars of its cage. 黑猩猩直立着，抓住笼子的铁栅。
pull/push/draw etc yourself upright
•He pulled himself upright and faced me. 他直起身面对我。
2.placed in a vertical position (= pointing in a line that is at an angle of 90˚ to a flat surface )竖直的[地]，垂直的 [地]，直立的[地]
•Your seat should be in the upright position when the plane is landing. 飞机降落时应调直座椅靠背。
•Keep the bottle upright. 让瓶子立着。
3.always behaving in an honest way
正直的，诚实的
THESAURUS honest
•He was a good honest upright man. 他是位诚实、正直的好人。
DERIVATIVE 派生词
uprightness n [U]
upright 2 n. [C ]
a long piece of wood or metal that stands straight up and supports something
〔支撑用的〕直柱，立柱
74
vanity
/'vænɪti,'vænəti/
pl: vanities
1.[U] too much pride in yourself, so that you are always thinking about yourself and your appearance虚荣(心)；自负
•Sabrina had none of the vanity so often associated with beautiful women. 萨布里娜没有一点漂亮女人经常会有的那种虚荣。
2.[C] a dressing table梳妆台
3.the vanity of sth
literary the lack of importance of something compared to other things that are much more important
某事物〔相比于其他事物〕的微不足道
75
vein
/veɪn/
MEANINGS 义项
```
1.
[C] one of the tubes which carries blood to your heart from other parts of your body
静脉
RELTD artery
→ see picture at 见 human 1
•
the pulmonary vein 肺静脉
•
She felt the blood racing through her veins as they kissed. 他们接吻时她觉得热血沸腾。
2.
[C] one of the thin lines on a leaf or on an insect’s wing
〔植物的〕叶脉；〔昆虫的〕翅脉
3.
[C] one of the thin lines on a piece of cheese or some types of stone
〔干酪、石头等的〕纹理，纹路
显示更多
→ deep vein thrombosis → varicose veins
```
76
wilderness
/'wɪldənɪs,'wɪldənəs/
1.a large area of land that has never been developed or farmed
荒野，不毛之地
THESAURUS countryside
•the Alaskan wilderness 阿拉斯加荒原
2.a place that seems no longer used or cared for by anyone
荒芜的地方；无人照管的地方
•The garden was a wilderness. 那座花园一片荒芜。
•The south side of the city had become a lawless wilderness. 这座城市的南部已成为法外之地。
3.in/from/out of the wilderness
someone who is in the wilderness does not have power or is not involved in something in an important way at a particular time
在野/从在野的地位/不再处于在野地位
•the re-emergence of Richard Nixon from the political wilderness in 1968 理查德•尼克松淡出政坛后于1968年的复出
77
to and fro
‚tuː ən 'frəʊ/
| if someone or something moves to and fro, they move in one direction and then back again来回地，往复地
78
tune
/tjuːn/
MEANINGS 义项
1.[C] a series of musical notes that are played or sung and are nice to listen to
调子，曲调，旋律
SYN melody
THESAURUS music
•That’s a nice tune. 那曲调很美。
•She sang some old classics and a few new tunes. 她唱了几首经典老歌和一些新曲。
to the tune of sth (=using the same tune as another song)以…的曲调
•The song was sung to the tune of “Amazing Grace”. 这首歌是用《奇异恩典》的曲调唱的。
2.in tune
playing or singing the correct musical note
合调
•They sang perfectly in tune. 他们唱得十分合调。
3.out of tune
playing or singing higher or lower than the correct musical note走调
•Greg’s bass guitar was out of tune. 格雷格的低音吉他走音了。
ll the tune at 见 call9 → at 见 change →change your tune at 见 change14 → at 见 dance →dance to sb’s tune at 见 dance4 → fine-tune → signature tune
COLLOCATIONS 词语搭配1.
VERBS 动词
play a tune 演奏曲子
•He played a tune on the piano. 他用钢琴弹奏了一曲。
hum/whistle a tune 哼/（用口哨）吹一曲
•She was humming a little tune to herself. 她一个人哼着小曲。
write/compose a tune 作曲
2.ADJECTIVES/NOUN 形容词/名词 + tune
catchy/memorable(=one that is easy to remember) 易记的
•His songs have simple words and catchy tunes. 他的歌曲歌词简单，曲调顺口。
the theme tune/signature tune(=the tune at the beginning or end of a television programme etc) 主题曲/信号曲
•the theme tune from the movie ‘Titanic’ 电影《泰坦尼克号》的主题曲
a show tune(=a tune from a musical) 音乐剧中的流行曲调
a dance tune 舞曲
a hymn tune 圣歌
tune 2 v. [T ]
1.to make a musical instrument play at the right pitch为〔乐器〕调音
•Someone’s coming tomorrow to tune the piano. 明天有人来给钢琴调音。
2.to make small changes to an engine so that it works as well as possible
调整，调节〔发动机，使达到最佳状态〕
3.to make a radio or television receive broadcasts from a particular place
调节，调〔收音机或电视频道〕
→ at 见 stay 1
tune sth to sth
•The radio was tuned to a classical station. 收音机调到了一个古典音乐台。
PHRVB 短语动词
tune inphr v
1.to watch or listen to a broadcast on radio or television收看（电视）；收听（广播）
•People get their information by tuning in to foreign radio stations.,More than 150 million Americans tuned in to watch the final episode.人们通过收听外国电台来获得信息。,超过1.5亿的美国人收看了这最后的一集。
2.to realize or understand what is happening or what other people are thinking
了解，熟悉〔情况、别人的想法等〕
•Try to tune in to your partner’s needs.,The company aims to be more tuned in to customer needs.尽量去了解伴侣的需求。,公司力求更多地了解客户的需求。
tune outphr v
1.to ignore or stop listening to someone or something不理睬，置之不理
•A bored child may simply tune out. 孩子感到无聊可能就会走神。
tune sb/sth ←→ out
•I learned to tune out the background noise.我学着不去理会背景杂音。
tune upphr v
1.when musicians tune up, they prepare their instruments to play at the right pitch
给〔乐器〕调音
tune sth ←→ up
•The band were tuning up their guitars.乐队在给吉他调音。
2.tune sth ←→ up to make small changes to an engine so that it works as well as possible
调试〔引擎〕
79
handicap
/'hændikæp/
1.old-fashioned if someone has a handicap, a part of their body or their mind has been permanently injured or damaged. Many people think that this word is offensive.
〔身体或智力上的〕残障，残疾〔许多人认为此词具有冒犯性〕
2.
a situation that makes it difficult for someone to do what they want
障碍，不利条件
•
Not speaking the language is a real handicap. 不会讲这种语言的确是一个障碍。
3.
an advantage that is given to a weaker player in a game of golf
〔高尔夫球比赛中〕给弱者的让杆数
•
He’s improved a lot, and his handicap has come down from 18 to 12. 他的球技大大进步，被让杆数已从18降为12。
显示更多
handicap 2 v. [T ]
英
pp: handicapped pt: handicapped pres part: handicapping
to make it difficult for someone to do something that they want or need to do
妨碍；阻碍
•The charity is handicapped by lack of funds. 这个慈善机构因为缺乏资金难以开展工作。
80
clammy
/'klæmi/
feeling unpleasantly wet, cold, and sticky
湿冷的；黏糊糊的
THESAURUS damp wet
•Get your clammy hands off me! 把你又湿又黏的手拿开，别碰我！
81
buzzer
/ˈbʌzə/
MEANINGS 义项
a small thing, usually shaped like a button, that buzz es when you press it
蜂鸣器
•
Press the buzzer if you know the answer. 如果你知道答案，就按抢答器。
82
wince
/wɪns/
1.to suddenly change the expression on your face as a reaction to something painful or upsetting
〔因疼痛或不安而〕龇牙咧嘴，皱眉蹙额
•
Sandra winced as the dentist started to drill. 牙医开始钻牙了，桑德拉敛眉蹙额。
2.
to suddenly feel very uncomfortable or embarrassed because of something that happens, something you remember etc
〔因发生或记起某事等而突然〕感到不安；畏缩
SYN cringe
wince at the memory/thought/idea
•
I still wince at the thought of that terrible evening. 想起那个可怕的夜晚，我仍然不寒而栗。
83
real
/rɪəl/
1.IMPORTANT 重要的
something that is real exists and is important
真实而重要的
•There is a real danger that the disease might spread. 这种疾病确实有蔓延的危险。
•We need to tackle the real problems of unemployment and poverty. 我们需要解决失业和贫穷这两个实际问题。
•There is no real reason to worry. 没有什么真正的理由需要担心。
2.NOT ARTIFICIAL 非人造的
something that is real is actually what it seems to be and not false or artificial
真的，真正的
OPP fake
THESAURUS genuine
•a coat made of real fur 真皮大衣
•She had never seen a real live elephant before. 她以前从未见过活生生的大象。
•Artificial flowers can sometimes look better than the real thing . 人造花有时比真花看起来更漂亮。
3.NOT IMAGINARY 不是想象的
something that is real actually exists and is not just imagined
实际存在的，非想象的
•The children know that Santa Claus isn’t a real person. 孩子们知道圣诞老人不是真实的人物。
•Dreams can sometimes seem very real. 梦境有时显得非常真实。
•Things don’t happen quite that easily in real life . 现实生活中不会动不动就有这样的事情发生。
SPOKEN PHRASES 口语短语
1.used to emphasize how stupid, beautiful, terrible etc someone or something is
十足的
•Thanks – you’ve been a real help.,The house was a real mess. 谢谢——你真是帮了大忙。,房子真是一团糟。
2.for real
seriously, not just pretending
真正地，确实地，认真地
•After two trial runs we did it for real. 试行两次以后，我们真正地干了起来。
3.are you for real?
AmE used when you are very surprised or shocked by what someone has done or said
【美】你是认真的？〔用于对某人的行为或言论表示吃惊或震惊〕
显示更多
real 2 adv.
spoken
very非常
•He’s real cute. 他非常性感迷人。
•It was real nice to see you again. 能再次看到你真是太好了。
84
chimes
. 编钟；钟琴；调和（chime的复数）
| v. 协调；鸣钟；敲钟报时（chime的第三人称单数）
85
salute
/sə'luːt/
1.
[I,T] to move your right hand to your head, especially in order to show respect to an officer in the army, navy etc
（向…）行军礼，（向…）致敬
•
The two soldiers saluted Lieutenant Cecil. 那两名士兵向塞西尔中尉行了礼。
•
The men jumped to their feet and saluted. 这些人赶紧起立敬礼。
2.
[T] formal to praise someone for the things they have achieved, especially publicly
〔尤指公开地〕赞扬，颂扬
salute sb as sth
•
James Joyce was saluted as the greatest writer of the 20th century. 詹姆斯·乔伊斯被誉为20世纪最伟大的作家。
3.
[T] old-fashioned to greet someone in a polite way, especially by moving your hand or body
〔尤用手或身体动作〕向…打招呼，向…致意
salute 2 n.
[C] an act of raising your right hand to your head as a sign of respect, usually done by a soldier to an officer
〔通常指士兵向军官的〕敬礼，致敬
•
As they left, the corporal gave them a respectful salute. 他们离开时，下士恭敬地向他们行礼。
in salute
•
The officer raised his hand in salute. 这名军官举手行礼。
2.
[C,U] something that expresses praise to someone for something they have achieved, or that expresses honour or respect to someone or something
颂扬；致敬，致意
in salute
•
Everyone at the table raised their glasses in salute. 桌上每个人都举杯致意。
[+ to]
•
His first words were a salute to the people of South Africa. 他的开场白是向南非人民致意。
3.
[C] an occasion when guns are fired into the air in order to show respect for someone important
〔向要人致敬的〕鸣礼炮（仪式）
•
a 21-gun salute 鸣21响礼炮
86
a twenty-one-gun salute
二十一响礼炮声
[C] an occasion when guns are fired into the air in order to show respect for someone important
〔向要人致敬的〕鸣礼炮（仪式）
•a 21-gun salute 鸣21响礼炮
87
doozy
```
/'duːzi/
pl: doozies
n. 极好的东西
adj. 非常显眼的；非常出色的人的
复数 doozies
[C] informal something that is extremely good, bad, strange, big etc
极好[极坏，极奇怪，极大等]的东西
•
I’ve heard lies before, but that one was a real doozy ! 谎话我以前也听到过，不过这个谎可是太离谱了！
```
88
so's
so that (you can...)
89
bargain
/ˈbɑːɡɪn, ˈbɑːɡən/
1.something you buy cheaply or for less than its usual price便宜货，减价品
•There are no bargains in the clothes shops at the moment. 这阵子服装店里没有什么便宜货。
•It’s an attractive little home, and I think it’s a bargain . 这是一个漂亮的小居所，我觉得是合算的。
•That second-hand table was a real bargain . 那张二手的桌子非常便宜。
•Good watches don't come at bargain prices . 好表不会便宜。
•(= people looking for things to buy at low prices ) queued outside the store for hours. 想淘便宜货的人排着队在商店外面等了很久。
2.an agreement, made between two people or groups to do something in return for something else协议；交易
→ at 见 hard 1
•I’ve kept my side of the bargain and I expect you to keep yours. 我履行了我的承诺，希望你也履行你的承诺。
make/strike a bargain
•Management and unions have struck a bargain over wage increases. 资方和工会就加薪问题达成了协议。
3.into the bargain
in addition to everything else
此外，外加，而且
•I am now tired, cold, and hungry, with a headache into the bargain. 我现在又累又冷又饿，而且还头痛。
bargain 2 v. [I ]
to discuss the conditions of a sale, agreement etc, for example to try and get a lower price
讲价钱，讨价还价；商谈条件
[+ for]
•workers bargaining for better pay 要求提高薪水的工人
[+ over]
•They bargained over the level of wages. 他们就工资水平进行商谈。
[+ with]
•women bargaining with traders 和商贩讨价还价的女人
PHRVB 短语动词
bargain for sthphr v
to expect that something will happen and make it part of your plans
考虑到，估计到，预料到
•They hadn’t bargained for such a dramatic change in the weather. 他们没有料到天气会有如此大的变化。
•The thief got more than he bargained for , as Mr Cox tripped him up with his walking stick. 小偷始料未及，考克斯先生竟用拐杖把他绊倒在地上。
bargain on doing sth
•I hadn’t bargained on being stuck in traffic on the way home.我没有料到回家路上会遇到堵车。
DERIVATIVE 派生词
bargainer n [C]
•He’s the hardest bargainer in the business. 他是这一行业里最强硬的谈判对手。
90
sit around
无所事事,闲坐着,闲坐,坐着,没事干
sit-around-and-wait of happiness 坐等的幸福
91
there you are
1. 可找到你了，原来你在这儿; 2. 拿去吧，这是你要的; 3. 我早这样说过。
来自：wikitrip 28 0
[口语]我就说嘛；就是这么回事
92
raise
/reɪz/
MEANINGS 义项
```
1.
MOVE HIGHER 移向高处
to move or lift something to a higher position, place, or level
举起；提起；抬起；使升高
THESAURUS lift
•
Can you raise the lamp so I can see? 你能把灯举高点好让我看清吗？
•
William raised his hat and smiled at her. 威廉抬一抬帽子，朝她笑了笑。
•
Raise your hand if you know the right answer. 知道正确答案的话，请举手。
2.
INCREASE 增加
to increase an amount, number, or level
增加，提高〔数量、数字或水平〕
OPP lower
```
THESAURUS increase
•
Many shops have raised their prices. 很多商店都提价了。
•
The university is working to raise the number of students from state schools. 这所大学正在努力增加公立学校学生的入学人数。
•
a campaign to raise awareness of meningitis 增强脑膜炎防治意识的活动
•
Dr Hayward intends to raise the museum’s profile (= make it more well-known ) . 海沃德博士想提高博物馆的知名度。
3.
COLLECT MONEY 筹钱
to collect money that you can use to do a particular job or help people
筹集；筹募
→ fundraising
•
The Trust hopes to raise $1 million to buy land. 这家信托机构希望能筹集到一百万美元购置土地。
•
They are raising funds to help needy youngsters. 他们正在筹款帮助贫困青少年。
•
a concert to raise money for charity 筹募善款的音乐会
显示更多
REGISTER 语体
In everyday British English, people usually say lift something up rather than raise something.,British English speakers usually say put up your hand rather than raise your hand .
在日常英国英语中，人们一般说 lift something up，而不说 raise something,讲英国英语的人一般说 put up your hand，而不说 raise your hand
•Can you lift up the lamp a bit? 把灯抬起一点好吗？
•Put your hand up if you know the right answer. 知道正确答案的话，请举手。
REGISTER 语体
In everyday British English, people usually say put up an amount, a price etc rather than raise it.
在日常英国英语中，提高数量、价格等人们一般用 put，而不用 raise
•They’ve put the price of fuel up again. 他们再次调高了油价。
raise 2 n. [C ]
an increase in the money you earn
加薪
93
you can say that again
说得好,你说的很对,I completely agree with you
94
headfirst
adv. 不顾前后地；头向前地
95
specimen
/'spesɪmɪn,'spesɪmən,'spesəmɪn,'spesəmən/
1.a small amount or piece that is taken from something, so that it can be tested or examined
〔用于测试或检验的〕样品，样本；标本
•a blood specimen 血样
[+ of]
•a specimen of rock 岩石标本
2.a single example of something, often an animal or plant实例，范例
[+ of]
•a very fine specimen of 12th century glass 12 世纪玻璃的极好实例
3.a person you are describing in a particular way – used humorously
某种类型的人，…家伙〔幽默用法〕•
Her boyfriend is an impressive physical specimen. 她的男朋友是体型很健美的那种人。
96
broadway
```
.百老汇大街(贯通纽约市南北的街道，该市主要戏院、夜总会、娱乐场所多设于此)
2.纽约市(或美国)的商业性戏剧(业)，纽约市娱乐业
adj.
1.百老汇大街的
2.商业性戏剧(业)的
```
97
riveted
adj. [机] 铆接的；用铆钉钉牢的；结了婚的
| v. 用铆钉固定，敲进去，注目（rivet的过去式和过去分词形式）
98
astonishment
n. 惊讶；令人惊讶的事物
99
roaring
adj. 喧闹的；兴胜的；狂风暴雨的
n. 咆哮；怒吼；吼声
v. 怒吼（uproar的现在分词）
100
moss-grown
adj. 生苔藓的；过时的
| covered with moss 被苔藓覆盖着的
101
do away
v. 废除，去掉；弄死
102
humanity
n. 人类；人道；仁慈；人文学科
103
surge into my mind
涌入我的脑海
104
open-mouthed
adj. 惊愕得张大嘴的；目瞪口呆的
105
beat out
搞清；敲平；使筋疲力尽
106
bit by bit
一点一点地
107
go at it
努力奋斗
108
pull my sense together
理清思绪
109
momentous
adj. 重要的；重大的
110
do you no good
对你没好处
111
simplicity
n. 朴素；简易；天真；愚蠢
the quality of being simple and not complicated, especially when this is attractive or useful
朴素，简朴，简单〔尤指吸引人的或有用的〕
•
Mona wrote with a beautiful simplicity of style. 莫娜的文笔朴实优美。
•
For the sake of simplicity, the tax form is divided into three sections. 为简明起见，税单分成三个部分。
•
James’ solution to this problem was simplicity itself (= very simple ) . 詹姆斯对这个问题的解决办法十分简单。
112
go with it
随波逐流,顺其自然
113
revolt
vi. 反抗；反叛；反感，厌恶
vt. 使反感；使恶心
n. 反抗；叛乱；反感
114
insane
adj. 疯狂的；精神病的；极愚蠢的
115
rest on
停留在；依靠；被搁在；信赖
116
shelter
n. 庇护；避难所；遮盖物
vt. 保护；使掩蔽
vi. 躲避，避难
117
tossed and torn
辗转反侧，翻来覆去难以入睡
118
texture
n. 质地；纹理；结构；本质，实质
| 过去式 textured过去分词 textured现在分词 texturing
119
bound up
紧紧束缚在 ... 里
| 埋头于
120
keen
adj. 敏锐的，敏捷的；渴望的；强烈的；热心的；锐利的
| n. 痛哭，挽歌
121
dangle
vi. 摇晃地悬挂着
| vt. 使摇晃地悬挂
122
surgical
adj. 外科的；手术上的
| n. 外科手术；外科病房
123
operation
n. 操作；经营；[外科] 手术；[数][计] 运算
124
turn on sb. in anger
使某人愤怒发怒发火
125
toil
n. 辛苦；苦工；网；圈套
vi. 辛苦工作；艰难地行进
vt. 费力地做；使…过度劳累
126
give me no rest
我不要平静
127
unceasing
/ʌn'siːsɪŋ/
MEANINGS 义项
```
never stopping
不停的，不断的
•
his unceasing efforts to help the poor 他帮助穷人的不懈努力
DERIVATIVE 派生词
```
unceasingly adv
128
vigilance
/'vɪdʒɪləns,'vɪdʒələns/
careful attention that you give to what is happening, so that you will notice any danger or illegal activity警惕，警戒
•the need for increased police vigilance 警方加强警戒的必要性
129
springtime
```
/'sprɪŋtaɪm/
the time of the year when it is spring
春天，春季
in (the) springtime
•when the snow melts in the springtime 春天积雪消融之际
```
130
in short burst
短暂爆发的意思。就是在很短的时间里用了很多能量，可用于描述动物，也可以用于描述机械 例：Emperor penguins can achieve speeds of more than 11 miles per hour in short bursts 帝企鹅可以在短时间内爆发达到每小时超过11英里的速度。
131
ballerina
/ˌbæləˈriːnə/
a woman who dances in ballets
芭蕾舞女演员
132
burglar
/ˈbɜːɡlə/
someone who goes into houses, shops etc to steal things小偷，窃贼
RELTD robber thief cat burglar
THESAURUS thief
133
panic
/'pænɪk/
1.[C usually singular,一般用单数, U] a sudden strong feeling of fear or nervousness that makes you unable to think clearly or behave sensibly惶恐，惊恐，惊慌
THESAURUS fear
•a feeling of sheer panic 惊恐万分的感觉
•She got into a panic when she couldn’t find the tickets. 她找不到票，慌了起来。
•The whole nation is in a state of panic following the attacks. 袭击过后整个国家一片恐慌。
•She suffers from terrible panic attacks . 她时常会出现一阵极度慌乱之感。
in (a) panic
•The children fled in panic. 孩子们惊慌地逃走了。
2.[C usually singular,一般用单数, U] a situation in which people are suddenly made very anxious, and make quick decisions without thinking carefully
人心惶惶的局面
[+ over/about]
•the recent panic over the safety of baby milk 最近对婴儿奶粉安全性的恐慌
panic buying/selling
•a wave of panic selling in Hong Kong 香港的恐慌性抛售浪潮
3.[singular,单数] a situation in which you have a lot to do and not much time to do it in忙乱
RELTD rush
•the usual last minute panic just before the deadline 照例事到临头手忙脚乱
panic 2 v. [I,T ]
pp: panicked pt: panicked pres part: panicking
to suddenly feel so frightened that you cannot think clearly or behave sensibly, or to make someone do this
（使）恐慌，（使）惊慌失措
•He started to panic when he saw the gun. 他看见枪就慌了起来。
•Don’t panic! We’ll soon get you out of there. 别慌！我们马上就把你从那儿弄出来。
panic sb into doing sth
•The protests became more violent and many people were panicked into leaving the country. 抗议变得更加激烈，吓得许多人离开了那个国家。
134
bandit
/ˈbændɪt, ˈbændət/
MEANINGS 义项
someone who robs people, especially one of a group of people who attack travellers
〔尤指袭击旅游者的〕强盗，土匪，歹徒
THESAURUS thief
•
They travelled 30 miles through bandit country. 他们走了30英里，穿过强盗横行的乡间。
→ one-armed bandit
DERIVATIVE 派生词
banditry n [U]
135
wince
/wɪns/
1.to suddenly change the expression on your face as a reaction to something painful or upsetting〔因疼痛或不安而〕龇牙咧嘴，皱眉蹙额
•Sandra winced as the dentist started to drill. 牙医开始钻牙了，桑德拉敛眉蹙额。
2.to suddenly feel very uncomfortable or embarrassed because of something that happens, something you remember etc
〔因发生或记起某事等而突然〕感到不安；畏缩
SYN cringe
wince at the memory/thought/idea
•I still wince at the thought of that terrible evening. 想起那个可怕的夜晚，我仍然不寒而栗
136
handicap
/'hændikæp/
1.old-fashioned if someone has a handicap, a part of their body or their mind has been permanently injured or damaged. Many people think that this word is offensive.
〔身体或智力上的〕残障，残疾〔许多人认为此词具有冒犯性〕
2.a situation that makes it difficult for someone to do what they want
障碍，不利条件
•Not speaking the language is a real handicap. 不会讲这种语言的确是一个障碍。
3.an advantage that is given to a weaker player in a game of golf
〔高尔夫球比赛中〕给弱者的让杆数
•He’s improved a lot, and his handicap has come down from 18 to 12. 他的球技大大进步，被让杆数已从18降为12。
handicap 2 v. [T ]
pp: handicapped pt: handicapped pres part: handicapping
to make it difficult for someone to do something that they want or need to do
•The charity is handicapped by lack of funds. 这个慈善机构因为缺乏资金难以开展工作。
137
envious
```
/'enviəs/
wanting something that someone else has
羡慕的；妒忌的
RELTD jealous
THESAURUS jealous
•envious looks 妒忌的神色
[+ of]
•Colleagues were envious of her success. 同事都羡慕她的成功。
DERIVATIVE 派生词
enviously adv
```
138
glimmeringly
薄弱地发光的;发微光的，闪烁的；隐约出现的
139
reel
/ril/
vi. 卷；眩晕；蹒跚地走；退缩
vt. 卷；使旋转
n. 蹒跚；眩晕；旋转
140
whirl
/wɝrl/
n. 旋转，回旋；昏乱；一连串的事；短暂的旅行
vi. 旋转，回旋；急走；头晕眼花
vt. 使旋转；卷走，飞快地带走
141
swivel
```
/'swɪvl/
n. 转环；转椅座架
vt. 使旋转
vi. 旋转
过去式 swivelled或swiveled过去分词 swivelled或swiveled现在分词 swivelling或eling
```
142
flounce
```
/flaʊns/
n. 挣脱；挣扎；衣裙上的荷边装饰
vi. 挣扎；跳动；突然离去
vt. 饰以荷叶边
过去式 flounced过去分词 flounced现在分词 flouncing
```
143
caper
/'kepɚ/
vi. 雀跃
n. 跳跃，雀跃；刺山柑花蕾；不法活动
n. (Caper)人名；(英)卡珀
144
gambol
/'ɡæmbl/ i. 雀跃；耍闹
n. 雀跃；嬉戏
过去式 gamboled或gambolled过去分词 gamboled或gambolled现在分词 gamboling或-bolling
145
spun
/spʌn/
adj. 纺成的
v. 纺（spin的过去分词）；旋转
146
ceiling
'silɪŋ/
| n. 天花板；上限
147
barrel
/'bærəl/
vt. 把……装入桶内
n. 桶；枪管，炮管
vi. 快速移动
148
doozy
/'duzi/
n. 极好的东西
adj. 非常显眼的；非常出色的人的
复数 doozies
