Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

INTRO TO CAREERS IN ARTS, AV TECH AND COMM > U4 L1 Printing Technology Through The Years > Flashcards

U4 L1 Printing Technology Through The Years Flashcards

1
Q

What did Ancient civilizations in Egypt and Sumeria use to make sheets?

A

papyrus pressed together

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

When did a member of the Chinese Han Dynasty emperor’s court invent paper?

A

AD 105

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What does the word paper derive from?

A

papyrus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

How is paper made?

A
  • wood/cotton/flax plant
  • break down into fibers
  • submerge in water
  • mesh screen makes thin layer
  • when dried, becomes sheet
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Recycling paper products was not promoted until when?

A

1970s

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

When was block printing developed?

A

4-7th century

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What is xylography also called?

A

relief printing, today we call it letterpress

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

When and where was the concept of movable type evolved?

A

China, 1040 AD

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What is movable type?

A

blocks of clay with characters are glued together and inked to form a copy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

By 1275 AD, what did the movable type in AD 1040 develop into?

A

wooden slugs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Did China bring their printed materials to the masses/rest of the world? Why?

A

no, cultural restrictions and complexity of Chinese characters

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

The alphabet of romance languages, including English, contains only how many characters?

A

26, less than Chinese characters

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

When was Gutenberg’s first press made?

A

1452

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What was the material the Bibles printed with the Gutenberg press were printed with?

A

vellum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What was vellum?

A

sheets used in printing, made of tanned hide

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What was the first movable-type printing press?

A

Gutenberg press

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

When did the ‘power of the press’ begin?

A

invention of printing press

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

What is the pros and cons of using paper to communicate?

A

P- readily available for use in many different forms

C- mass use of paper led to deforestation and waste

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

What was the most important outcome of Gutenberg’s printing press?

A

production of written material for the masses

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

What was intaglio?

A
  • copper/zinc plates are engraved with picture/design

- wood block, background carved, raised image, opposite of engraving

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Where was intaglio invented?

A

Germany

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

What was intaglio used for in the PAST?

A
  • wallpaper
  • fabric
  • expensive magazines
23
Q

What is intaglio used for TODAY?

A
  • printing currency
  • printing passports
  • expensive postage stamps
24
Q

When and what did William Ged invent?

A
  • 1727, stereotype
  • negative of engraved plate
  • plaster poured onto an engraved plate, where a new plate can be made from that mold
25
Q

What is today’s meaning of the word stereotype?

A
  • psychological

- making assumptions based on physical features or other qualities

26
Q

When was the rotary press invented?

A

19th century

27
Q

Who, where, when was the rotary press invented?

A
  • Richard M. Hoe
  • New York
  • 1847
28
Q

How did the rotary press work?

A

intaglio plates secured on cylinders that could be cranked and continuously fed with paper

29
Q

Who created the first linotype machine? And when?

A
  • 1886

- German inventor, Ottmar Mergenthaler

30
Q

How did the linotype machine work?

A
  • type composed automatically
  • type compositor creates lines with keyboard
  • casted onto metal inside machine
  • allowed for font size and style to be composed with ease
31
Q

What was the linotype process nicknamed? And why?

A

hot type, molten lead letters that create it

32
Q

What was the linotype machine called? And why?

A

the blower, are needed to cool molten lead

33
Q

What was the most significant outcome of linotype printing?

A

cheaper printing

34
Q

When was the last time New York Times used hot type in the composing room for the morning edition?

A

1978

35
Q

How long did the age of hot type last?

A

nearly a century

36
Q

What replaced hot type and linotype?

A

cold type

37
Q

What is cold type?

A

method of printing where compositors sat and typed in computer terminals

38
Q

What did lithography and photo engraving allow for?

A

faster production of images and photos

39
Q

What do Lithographers and engravers do today?

A

create fine art and other materials

40
Q

When was the lithographers and Engravers International Union formed?

A

1964

41
Q

Offset linotype and phototypesetting paved the way to what?

A

digital compositing

42
Q

How was Offset lithography invented?

A
  • 1903, by accident
  • Ira Washington Rubel
  • printing to rubber plate between metal plates and paper allowed process to be used in rotary press
43
Q

Does Offset printing use a second plate in the printing process?

A

yes

44
Q

When did Phototypesetting take over printing tech practices?

A

1940s

45
Q

What advancements did Digital Prepress and computer tech provide to printing?

A
  • internal editing capabilities
  • see finished product before mass-produced
  • manipulation of color process (four-color CMYK)
  • designers can work with type elements
46
Q

What colors does CMYK include?

A
  • cyan
  • magenta
  • yellow
  • black
47
Q

What does type elements include?

A
  • font and font sizes
  • colors and shading
  • spacing in tracking and kerning
48
Q

What is clip art?

A

ready-to-use public domain illustrations

49
Q

What is tracking?

A

basically the space between letters (widening or narrowing type)

50
Q

What is kerning?

A

changing space between letters

51
Q

What are galleys?

A

pages of a layout before they are printed

52
Q

What is the pros and cons of digital transmission?

A

P-times can be better managed, staff reduced

C- file can be lost due to system incompatibilities, glitches, or crashes

53
Q

What is the pros and cons of digital publishing?

A

P- info can be created/distributed faster/efficiently

C- plagiarism, copyright, piracy

INTRO TO CAREERS IN ARTS, AV TECH AND COMM (24 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions