U1L1: Biochemical Interactions Flashcards
What are intramolecular forces?
Forces that occur within a molecule.
What are covalent bonds?
Strong bonds that exist between two nonmetal atoms.
What are nonpolar bonds?
When there is an even sharing of electrons.
What are polar bonds?
When there is an uneven sharing of electrons which causes +ve and -ve charges.
What is electronegativity?
How attracted an electron is to an atom.
What are the three factors that determine polarity?
1) Bonding angle: Asymmetrical molecules are polar. Symmetrical molecules are nonpolar.
2) electronegativity: +ve or -ve charge on atom
3) Presence of lone pairs.
What is an ionic bond?
Exists between a cation and anion and can readily dissociate in water.
What are intermolecular forces?
Forces that exist between molecules. They are weaker then intramolecular bonds.
What are the 2 important IMFS?
1) Hydrogen bonding
2) Hydrophobic interactions (LDFS)
What is hydrogen bonding?
A weak association between ve+ hydrogen bonds w/ve- molecules (o, f, n)
What are LDFs (Hydrophobic interactions)?
Weakest IMF that exists between two adjacent nonmetal molecules. Many LDFs can help stabilize the structure of a larger molecule.
Define hydrophobic
Water repelling (occur in nonpolar molecules - like oil )
Define hydrophilic
Water loving
What are functional groups?
Group of atoms in a molecule w/distinct chemical properties.
