types of research Flashcards
explatory/discovery research
curiosity driven – what if - hypothesis based
epidemiological research
how many people have the research , how it could be influenced by behaviour-hypothesis based
explantory/mechanistic research
: how it works and is linked to disease-lab based
confirmatory research
how treatment works and for who-lab based
4 places can Study population be done in
can be in person, families and medical records and laboratory specimens
Generalizability
extension of research findings and conclusions from a study conducted on sample population to the population at large.
Reference population and External population
findings study population can be applied and generalized
Examples of volunteer populations
hospital or clinical populations, populations with good medical records and group characterised by behaviour
what can volunteer populations impact?
validity of generalisation of findings to reference population
Target population
population of interest where the researcher wants to generalise results of study
Size of effect state and explain the 2 interventions
intervention 1-eliminate all paid: decrease in motivation
intervention 2-reduce paid holiday per year -motivation is reduced by a small part
implication: undertake statistical analy
4 things to consider when selection of subjects in study population
-what study population
-what are its characteristics
-will sampling and controls be used ?
what does study population represent ?
the findings of the study population could applied or generalised
3 things included in study populations and samples
includes target population, sampling frame and sample
sampling frame
part of accessible target population for study
sample
actual units selected for the study
3 things sample sizes considered
pragmatics, statistical precision, research aim
2 things included in pragmatics
1.cost resources
2.likelihood of harm
2 things included statistical precision
1.size of the effect
2. variability between individuals
2 things included in research aim
1.breadth vs depth
2.what vs why
3 things about variability
1.not all individuals will be the same so there will be variability in results
2.statistical analysis used to measure range of results
3.greater the variability the larger the range
implications
since statistical analysis is used everyone does not have to be studied
-smaller the effect size + larger the variability between individuals in sample
-the larger the sample size need to be
