systematic reviews

Question 1

Systematic reviews

Answer 1

review of a clearly formulated question – uses systematic and standardised methods to identify , select and be critical to relevant research and collet then analyse data from studies to include in the review.Answers specific clinical question e.g. chemotherapy of people who are over 40

Question 1

Meta- analysis

Answer 1

uses statistical techniques in a systematic review to integrate results of included studies – uses different studies. Looks at studies from systematic review. Only for quantitate data

Question 2

Literature review

Answer 2

summarises a topic which is broad for example cancer treatment

Question 3

2 types of systematic reviews

Answer 3

-Cochrane – focus on intervention and treatment
-systematic reviews of non-intervention- diagnostics, that includes other study designs

Question 4

2 steps of rationale for systematic review methodology

Answer 4

1.define research question -clearly formulated
2.prepare and register- detailed and systematic

Question 5

advantage of systematic review

Answer 5

transparent + reproducible

Question 6

disadvantage of systematic review

Answer 6

bias in selecting methods

Question 7

literature search

Answer 7

identifying

Question 8

advantage of literature search

Answer 8

generalisability

Question 9

disadvantage of literature search

Answer 9

impact of publication bias

Question 10

study selection disadvantage

Answer 10

bias in selecting study

Question 11

data extraction disadvantage

Answer 11

outcome reporting bias

Question 12

quality assessment advantage

Answer 12

critical appraise

Question 13

quality assessment disadvantage

Answer 13

bias from primary studies

Question 14

data synthesis -analysing advantage

Answer 14

detects publication bias

Question 15

study selection

Answer 15

have eligibility criteria pre-defined having a good audit trail makes it systematic , have duplicate screening -having 2 people do the screening

Question 16

Data extraction

Answer 16

extracting info that is needed from the papers and recording :patient characteristics, study design, results and outcomes. 2 researchers independently extract the data

Question 17

3 examples of Quality of assessment tools

Answer 17

RCT, observational studies and economic evaluation

Question 18

Data synthesis

Answer 18

Heterogeneity in systematic reviews: variability among studies

Question 19

3 Different types data synthesis

Answer 19

1.clinical heterogeneity: variability in participants , interventions and outcomes
2.methodlogical heterogeneity- variability in study design and risk of bias
3.statistical heterogeneity-consequence of clinical and methodlogical diversty , or both of them among studies

Question 20

3 limitations of systematic review?

Answer 20

-resources and time
-publication bias
-findings not being consistent