Types Of Polysaccharides

Question 1

Conjugated proteins

Answer 1

. Are globular proteins containing non-protein component called a prosthetic group
. Haem groups are examples of a prosthetic group (Contains Iron (II) ion)
. Catalase and haemoglobin both contain haem groups

Question 2

Catalase

Answer 2

. Is a conjugated protein
. Is a quaternary group (Contain 4 haem groups)
. Iron (II) ions in catalase allow it to interact with hydrogen peroxide which speeds up its breakdown
. Also makes sure hydrogen peroxide doesn’t damage cells

Question 3

Haemoglobin

Answer 3

. Is a conjugated protein
. An oxygen-carrying pigment found in RBC
. Quaternary protein, make up of 4 polypeptides (2 alpha and 2 beta subunits)
. Iron (II) ions able to combine reversibly with an oxygen molecule
. Enables it to transport oxygen around the body

Question 4

Fibrous proteins

Answer 4

. Formed from large insoluble molecules
. Contains limited range of amino acids (with small R-groups)
. Very organised Structure (due to repetition of primary structure:
- Is reflected in roles of fibrous proteins

Question 5

Keratin

Answer 5

. Is a fibrous protein
. Present in hair, skin and nails
. Large quantity of sulphur (reason skin and hair smell when burnt)
. Has strong disulphide binds, which creates a strong, inflexible and insoluble material

Question 6

Elastin

Answer 6

. Is a fibrous protein
. Found in elastic fibres- which are present in walls of blood vessels and alveoli
. Is a quaternary protein made from stretched molecules (tropoelasrin)

Question 7

Collagen

Answer 7

. Is a fibrous protein
. Is connective tissue found in skin, tendons, ligaments and the nervous system
. Also has flexibility- due to rope-like Structure

Question 8

Golbur proteins

Answer 8

. Compact, water soluble and roughly spherical in shape
. Form when proteins fold in tertiary structure (This is so the hydrophobic R-groups on the amino acid are kept from aqueous environment)
. Solubility is important for their main functions such as regulating processes for life

Question 9

Insulin

Answer 9

. Is a golbur protein
. Is the hormone in regulating blood-glucose conc
. Is soluble- as hormone are transported through the bloodstream
. Have to fit specific receptors to have an effect so have a precise shape