Plant Transport Tissue

Question 1

What is herbaceous dicotyledonous plant

Answer 1

. Are plants that make seeds that contain cotyledons

. These are organs which that act as food stores for developing embryos

Question 2

What is the vascular system in dicotyledonous plants

Answer 2

. Made up of 2 types transport vessels (xylem and phloem)

. Arranged together in vascular bundles in the stem roots and leaves

Question 3

Why is a transport system needed in multicellular organisms

Answer 3

. Some organisms are very large eg trees so require a transport system both up and down the plant
. Cells need to make their own glucose and oxygen for photosynthesis and require transportation of waste products (metabolic rate)
. Large plants have a low sa:v ration so diffusion becomes less efficient so need specialised transport systems

Question 4

Function of xylem

Answer 4

. Transpiration
. Transports water products up to the leaves
. Also transports mineral ions
. Roots to Leaves

Question 5

Function of phloem

Answer 5

. Phloem vessels transport glucose (as sucrose) from leaves to other parts of the plant
. Called translocation

Question 6

4 types of xylem tissue

Answer 6

. Xylem vessels
. Tracheids
. Parenchyma
. Fibres

Question 7

Structure of xylem vessels

Answer 7

. Very long tube like structures formed from cells joined end to end
. No end walls on cells (allows easy water passage)
. Dead cells (no cytoplasm)
. Walls thickened with lignin which prevents walls from collapsing inwards

Question 8

Structure of Tracheids (Xylem)

Answer 8

. Elongated cells in xylem and vascular plants

. No perforation plates

Question 9

Structure of Parenchyma (Xylem)

Answer 9

. Composed of living cells that see thin walled and unspecialised
. Functions as storage and bulk of ground and vascular tissue

Question 10

Structure of Fibres

Answer 10

. Non living sclerenchyma and transports and stores water in plants

Question 11

4 elements of phloem tissue

Answer 11

. Sieve tube elements
. Companion Cells
. Parenchyma
. Fibres

Question 12

Sieve Tube Elements (Phloem)

Answer 12

. Made up of many cells joined end to end to from a long hollow structure
. Aren’t lignified
. Areas between cells, the walls become perforated forming siege cells
. Sieve plates allow contents to pass through

Question 13

Companion cells (Phloem)

Answer 13

. Linked to sieve tube elements by many plasmodesmata, which are microscopic channels through cell walls
. Function as life support system for sieve tubes which have lost most of their normal cells functions

Question 14

Parenchyma (Phloem)

Answer 14

. Called transfer cells and located near all finest branches and terminations
. Transport for food

Question 15

Fibres (Phloem)

Answer 15

. Flexible long cells which up the soft fibres of commerce