Respiratory Systems/Lung Structure

Question 1

Rib Cage

Answer 1

Provides a semi-rigid case within which can be lowered with respect to the air outside it

Question 2

Diaphragm

Answer 2

Is a broad, domed sheet of muscle, which forms the floor of the thorax

Question 3

Intercostal Muscles

Answer 3

Responsible for forced and quiet inhalation. They raise the ribs and expand the chest. Are also responsible for force exhalation

Question 4

Goblet Cells Function

Answer 4

Secrete mucus onto the lining of the trachea and to trap dust and microorganisms that have escaped the nose lining

Question 5

Function of the cilia

Answer 5

Beat and move the mucus along with any trapped dirt or microorganisms away from the lungs

Question 6

Main adaptations of alveoli

Answer 6

. Large SA
. Thin layers
. Good blood supply
. Good ventilation

Question 7

Function of alveoli

Answer 7

Area in the lungs where gas gas exchange take place

Question 8

Function of bronchus/bronchioles

Answer 8

extensions of the windpipe that shuttle air to and from the lungs

Question 9

Trachea Function

Answer 9

The main airway carrying clean, warm, moist air from the noes down into the chest

Question 10

Process of Inhalation (Taking in air)

Answer 10

1) The diaphragm contracts, flattening and lowering
2) The external intercostal muscles contract, moving the ribs upwards and outwards
3) Results in the volume of the thorax increasing so the pressure in your thorax is reduced
4) Air is drawn through the nasal passage through and into the lungs (Equalises pressure)

Question 11

Process of Exhalation (Breathing out air)

Answer 11

1) Muscles of the diaphragm relax so it moves up into a resting domed shape
2) External intercostal muscles relax so the ribs move and inwards under gravity
3) Elastic fibres in the alveoli of the lungs return to their normal length
4) So air moves out of the lungs until pressure is equal again