types of LTM Flashcards
What is the declarative memory?
made up of the episodic and semantic memory, memories are explicit can can be explained
Where is the declarative memory?
the hippocampus
What is the non-declarative memory?
the procedural memory where memories are non-explicit so cannot be explained, information cannot be lost here
Where in the non-declarative memory found?
the amygdala
What are the three types of memory stores Tulving proposes?
episodic, semantic and procedural
What is the episodic memory?
the store of personal events that can be recalled but have to recalled consciously. memories are also time-stamped and allow us to plan for the future
Where is the episodic memory found?
the right hemisphere of the brain
What is the semantic memory?
a store of knowledge meaning and understanding of the world around us
Where is the semantic memory found?
the left hemisphere of the brain
What is the procedural memory?
our memory store of learned skills and actions that we can recall subconsciously
Who does the HM case study prove the existence of the procedural memory?
HM got better at the Gollin (star in a mirror) test despite having no recollection of doing it before
How does the HM case study prove the existence of the semantic memory?
Despite not being able to recall recent information fro before the brain infection he still understands the world round him, the meaning of words and some names
How does the three types of memory stores apply to people with dementia?
people with dementia still have procedural memories and some of the episodic memories but struggle with their semantic memories as they are often unable to recall basic information or remembered words
What Neuro-imaging evidence is there?
experimenter found there was more activity in the left prefrontal cortex when recalling semantic memories, whilst the right prefrontal cortex was involved in recalling episodic memories
What are the applications of the types of LTM?
Belleville demonstrated you can train the episodic memory in people with mild cognitive impairment like mild dementia, he demonstrated participants that were trained to recall memories could so better than the control group
