Types of experiments

Question 1

Define validity

Answer 1

The extent to which the research measures what it intends to

Question 2

Define external validity

Answer 2

How far can the results of the research be applied outside of the research setting - to real life, situations / to other people/ over time

Question 3

Define internal validity

Answer 3

The extent to which the researcher is measuring what they intend to.

Question 4

Define reliability

Answer 4

The extent to which the measurement is consistent and we get the same results each time we replicate the research

Question 5

What is a laboratory experiment?

Answer 5

Takes place in a controlled environment where the researcher manipulates the IV and records the effect on the DV, whilst maintaining strict control over extraneous variables.

Question 6

What is a field experiment?

Answer 6

An experiment that takes place in a natural setting where the researcher manipulates the IV. Participants are randomly allocated to a degree, IV is manipulated, Other variables are held constant as far as possible, The effect on the DV is measured.

Question 7

What is a natural experiment?

Answer 7

The IV is brought about naturally, not manipulated by the researcher. The IV change would have occurred anyway. IV is natural, not necessarily the setting. Not a true experiment the scientist cannot manipulate the IV. Can’t manipulate the IV, impossible or unethical.

Question 8

What is a quasi experiment?

Answer 8

Something not quite real, may work like the real thing but is not. Experiments with an IV based on existing differences between people. No-one manipulates this variable it just is.