Types of Carbohydrates (5/15)

Question 1

Monosaccharides

Answer 1

sugar monomer and are the building blocks of complex carbohydrates

Question 2

Most important triose

Answer 2

glyceraldehyde

Question 3

Most important pentose

Answer 3

ribose

Question 4

Most important hexoses

Answer 4

glucose
fructose
galactose

Question 5

Structure of glucose

Answer 5

It is an aldose and contains an aldehyde functional group

Question 6

Galactose structure

Answer 6

Aldose that can be converted to glucose
less stable than glucose
C 3 and C4 have opposite point OH group

Question 7

Sucrose

Answer 7

glucose and fructose

Question 8

Glycosidic bonds

Answer 8

formed by a dehydration reaction and broken by a hydrolysis reaction

Question 9

Lactose

Answer 9

galactose and glucose

Question 10

Maltose

Answer 10

two glucose molecules

not as sweet as sucrose

Question 11

Polysaccharides

Answer 11

long chains of carbohydrate monomers linked together

Question 12

Starches

Answer 12

polymers of glucose that plants use to store energy

Question 13

Glycogen

Answer 13

synthesis when energy is high and breaks it down when energy is low in liver
tends to store and use it to power muscles during exercise in skeletal muscle

Question 14

Cellulose

Answer 14

glucose molecules linked together by beta-1,4-glycosidic bonds
humans cannot digest cellulose but is an important part of fiber

Question 15

Chitin

Answer 15

Structural support to the shells or exoskeletons of insects, crabs and mollusks

Question 16

Peptidoglycan

Answer 16

makes up bacterial cell wall

Question 17

Starch is composed of…

Answer 17

amylose and amylopectin