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Chem/Phys > Chirality > Flashcards

Chirality Flashcards

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1
Q

Meso Compounds

A

All meso compounds have multiple chiral centers, but are not optically active overall

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2
Q

Chiral compounds

A

Mirror image is distinct and not superimposable

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3
Q

Achiral compound

A

Mirror image and molecule are identical

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4
Q

Enantiomers

A

Pair of non-superimposable mirror images with the same connectivity

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5
Q

Sterocenter

A

An atom bound to at least 4 unique groups

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6
Q

R/S system

A

We assign priority to each substituent connected to the chiral atom based off of atomic number

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7
Q

Lowest priority substituant

A

Must be pointing into the page. If out, flip the molecule on a vertical axis

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8
Q

R

A

Clockwise

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9
Q

S

A

Counterclockwise

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10
Q

d/l system

A

How the molecule rotates plane-polarized light

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11
Q

d

A

Rotates light in clockwise direction

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12
Q

l

A

rotate light in counterclockwise direction

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13
Q

Specific rotation equation

A

observed optical rotation/

concentration of solution * length (dm)

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14
Q

What is the rotation of light when there is a racemic mixture of two enantiomers?

A
  1. This is because their opposite rotations cancel each other out
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15
Q

Enantiomeric excess

A

(observed optical rotation/ specific rotation) * 100

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16
Q

D/L system

A

used to classify monosaccharides and amino acids (L)

16
Q

D/L system

A

used to classify monosaccharides (D) and amino acids (L)

17
Q

Stereoisomers

A

Every chiral center with two possible configurations doubles the number of possible stereoisomers for a given molecule
2^n
“n” being the number of chiral centers in the molecule

18
Q

Diastereomers

A

Not mirror images. There can be multiple for one molecule

19
Q

Epimers

A

Stereoisomers differing at just one chiral center

20
Q

Anomers

A

cyclic

21
Q

Achiral molecules contain…

A

Contain an internal plane of symmetry and are also known as meso compounds

22
Q

Differing at chiral center rules

A

Enantiomers- if both chiral centers have different configurations
Diastereomers- if only one of the two chiral centers has a different configuration

Chem/Phys (39 decks)

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