Types of Anemias (Etzioni)

Question 1

Categories of Non-regenerative anemia

Answer 1

Microcytic, hypochromic
Normocytic, normochormic

Question 2

What falls under microcytic, hypochromic non-regen anemia?

Answer 2

Nutritional (iron deficiency, ↑ # of plates)
Chronic blood loss

Question 3

What falls under normocytic, normochromic non-regen anemia?

Answer 3

Inflammatory/ chronic dz
Aplastic anemia
Pure red cell aplasia

Question 4

Inflammatory/ chr. dz

Answer 4

Lack of erythropoietin (seen with kidney failure)

Question 5

Aplastic anemia

Answer 5

Myelopthesis: neoplastic cells, myelofibrosis, crowding BM (no room for replication)
Chemotherapeutic drugs, estrogen → pancytopenia that targets rapidly dividing cells

Question 6

Pure red cell aplasia

Answer 6

BM eating precursor cells (macrophages) → arrested RBC development
Anemia >2w

Question 7

Categories of regenerative anemia

Answer 7

Macrocytic and “hyperchromic”
Macrocytic, hypochromic

Question 8

What falls under macrocytic, hyperchromic regen anemia?

Answer 8

Oxidative damage
Extravascular hemolysis

Question 9

Oxidative damage

Answer 9

Heinz body anemia
From garlic, onion, acetaminophen, red maple leaf toxicity and bracken fern
cats very susceptible

Question 10

Extravascular hemolysis

Answer 10

Something on RBC surface → spleen tried to remove leading to lysis

Question 11

What falls under macrocytic, hypochromic regen anemia?

Answer 11

Acute blood loss (hemorrhage)
Hemolysis

Question 12

Acute blood loss (hemorrhage) or hemolysis

Answer 12

From trauma, warfarin or DIC

Question 13

Hemolysis causes

Answer 13

Intravascular → babesia spp. with ghost cells
Extravascular → anaplasmosism, HBs, mycoplasma, IMHA