Types/methods of practice

Question 1

Describe whole-part-whole practice

Answer 1

Practice skill as a whole
Then individual elements that are weak
Then put back together again

Question 2

Effectiveness of whole part whole practice

Answer 2

Good for experienced performers (correct small errors)

Can disrupt fluency. Time consuming

Question 3

Describe progressive part practice (chaining)

Answer 3

Sub routine is practiced in isolation

Sub routine is linked to previous sub routine to form a larger part of the skill until whole skill is being practiced

Question 4

Effectiveness of progressive part practice

Answer 4

Encourages links between sub routines
Can disrupt fluency. Time consuming.
Can’t do high organisation skills

Question 5

Describe part practice (functionisation)

Answer 5

Each sub routine is practiced in isolation, perfected, then put back together.

Question 6

Effectiveness of part practice

Answer 6

Motivates cognitive learners (easy)

Boring, lose kinesthetic sense of skill, Difficult to put into game situations.

Question 7

Describe whole practice

Answer 7

The skill is taught in its entirety

Doesn’t break it down into sub routines

Question 8

Effectiveness of whole practice

Answer 8

Encourages development of motor programme, True kinaesthetic sense.
Dangerous (swimming), too difficult for cognitive performers.

Question 9

Describe massed practice

Answer 9

Very short/no rest intervals

Continuous practice period

Question 10

Effectiveness of massed practice

Answer 10

Good if fatigue is the aim of the session

Poor performance/hinder learning due to fatigue/demotivation.

Question 11

Describe distributed practice

Answer 11

Relatively long rest periods between attempts at the skill

mentally rehearse during breaks

Question 12

Effectiveness of distributed practice

Answer 12

Get feedback in breaks/mentally rehearse, safer, good for cognitive performers.
Feedback is limited, activities in rest period could cause negative transfer.

Question 13

Describe varied practice

Answer 13

Practice that gives a range of experience in conditions that are constantly changing

Question 14

Effectiveness of varied practice

Answer 14

Develops motor programme, gives performer strategies to call upon in competitive situations.
Too difficult for beginners.

Question 15

Describe fixed practice

Answer 15

Practice that involves a stable/predictable environment with conditions that remain unchanged.

Question 16

Effectiveness of fixed practice

Answer 16

Encourage habitual movements

Too boring for autonomous performers.

Question 17

Which method of training would you use for a high organisation skill?

Answer 17

Whole
Massed
Distributed

Question 18

Which method of training would you use for a low organisation skill?

Answer 18

Part
Whole part whole
Progressive part

Question 19

Which method of training would you use for a open skill?

Answer 19

Varied - autonomous

Fixed - cognitive

Question 20

Which method of training would you use for a closed skill?

Answer 20

Fixed

Question 21

Which method of training would you use for a gross skill?

Answer 21

Distributed

could do massed/varied

Question 22

Which method of training would you use for a fine skill?

Answer 22

Massed

Question 23

Which method of training would you use for a discrete skill?

Answer 23

Massed

Question 24

Which method of training would you use for a continuous skill?

Answer 24

Distributed

Question 25

Which method of training would you use for a serial skill?

Answer 25

Distributed

Whole-part-whole

Question 26

Which method of training would you use for a self paced skill?

Answer 26

Fixed

Question 27

Which method of training would you use for a externally paced skill?

Answer 27

Varied

Question 28

Which method of training would you use for a simple skill?

Answer 28

Fixed

Question 29

Which method of training would you use for a complex skill?

Answer 29

Varied

Part practice