types and methods of pracise Flashcards
part practise
skill is broken into subroutines, then subroutines practiced separately and then the subroutines are put all together.
whole practice
not broken into subroutines skill is learned in its complete form.
progressive part practice
subroutines of a skill practiced separately then combined gradually into larger parts until whole skill is achieved.
whole-part-whole practise
skill practiced in its entirety then sub-routines practised separately, then complete skill practised again.
massed practise
practice is repetitive and continuous, no rest intervals.
distributed practice
practice is in short bursts, regular rest intervals.
varied practice
changes regularly, takes place in different environments or situations, different activities are performed in different ways.
fixed practice
stays the same, the environment or situation doesn’t change, practice repeated in the same environment.
uses of part practise
•good for closed/low organisation skills
•good at cognitive phase
•safer for dangerous skills
limitations of part practise
•limits awareness of whole skill
•can be difficult to put skill back together
•takes time
uses of whole practise
•good for high ability learners
•gwt kinaesthesia of the whole skill
•saves time
limitations of whole practice
•unsuitable for complex skills.
•difficult for low abilities.
•demotivating if failure is experienced.
uses of progressive part practice
•transfer of subroutines is more likely.
•good for low organisation/ complex skills.
•good at the cognitive phase.
limitations of progressive part practice
•unsuitable for high organisation skills.
•limited awareness of whole skill.
•may still be difficult to transfer to whole skill.
uses of whole-part-whole practice
•allows focus on weak subroutines.
•good for low organisation skills.
•combines the uses of whole and part methods.
limitations of whole-part-whole practise
•difficult for low abilities.
•lots of information to process.
•can be demotivating if there is repeated failure.
uses of massed practice
•good at autonomous phase.
•helps to groove or over-learn the skill.
•good for simple,short duration skills.
limitations of massed practice
•can lead to chronic or overuse injuries.
•can be boring or exhausting.
•errors could increase due to the repetitive and continuous nature.
uses of distributed practice
•good at the cognitive phase.
•ideal for high energy continuous skills.
•good for complex and dangerous skills.
limitations of distributed practice
•rest intervals may disjoint the practice.
•can be hard to regain intensity after a break.
•long or frequent breaks can be demotivating.
uses of varied practice
•good at autonomous stage.
•ideal for open skills.
•stimulates interest and motivation.
limitations of varied practice
•too much stimuli may cause overload.
•not effective in helping to groove or over-learn skills.
•basic skills must first be learned in fixed practice.
uses of fixed practice
•good at cognitive phase
•helps to groove or over-learn the skill
•ideal for closed skills
limitations of fixed practice
•does not prepare for game situations
•can lead to chronic or overuse injuries
•not suitable for open skills
