Type II Hypersensitivity Flashcards
A blood transfusion b/t genetically different individuals will stimulate an antibody response to the recipient due to?
RBC antigens
Ab + complement =
RBC destruction
Can animals have antibodies against foreign blood group antigens without prior exposure?
YES, antigens on RBCs are similar to other natural antigens so contact isn’t needed for animal to have antibodies
What do you expect to see in a blood sample in an affected animal?
decreased RBCs, urine & plasma have hemoglobin looks red
Human blood types
A, B, AB, O +/-
Animal donor matches recipient
no immune response
Animal donor doesn’t match recipient
yes, immune response
- primary/secondary response
- IgM antibodies (agglutination, opsonization, phagocytosis, hemolysis)
- Hemoglobinemia, hemoglobinuria, disseminated blood coagulation, complement activation, mast cell degranulation)
- 1st & 2nd stage
1st stage
Hypotension
bradycardia
apnea
2nd stage
Hypertension
cardiac arrhythmia
increase HR & RR
Before a blood transfusion we take a blood sample and put the ___ from the donor in contact with the ___ from recipient
RBCs from donor
Antibodies from recipients
If there is no reaction when testing for a transfusion then we can use the blood. The next time you do a transfusion what do you need to be careful of?
use a different donor
Neonatal Isoerythrlysis (hemolytic dz)
Aa-negative mare-Anti-Aa antibodies- hemolytic dz in young nursing foals
Aa-positve foal-AaRBCs
4 things with neonatal isoerythrlysis
- newborn w/ different blood type then mother
- mother must be sensitized to this RBC antigen
- Mother’s response must be boosted by transplacental hemorrhage or repeated pregnancies
- newborn animal must ingest colostrum w/ high Ab against its RBCs
How do the RBCs come in contact with each other?
usually during pregnancy
When foal ingests colostrum what happens?
the mothers antibodies target the RBCs of the foal and destroy them
