Type 2 Diabetes Prevention Flashcards
In Canada where is obesity more common
East side of Canada has higher obesity and overweight
Kinds of Type 2 Diabetes
Insulin Resistance
Insulin secretory deficit
What trait do most type 2 diabetics exhibit
Abdominal Obesity which is a major contributor to insulin resistance
Impact of Diabetes on Individual
Teeth
Eyes
Heart
Pregnancy
Kidney
Foot
Impact of Diabetes on Individual
- Teeth
Higher risk of periodontal disease
Impact of Diabetes on Individual
- Eyes
2 to 3 times more likely to develop visual impairment or blindness
Impact of Diabetes on Individual
- Heart
2 to 3 times more likely to have cardiovascular disease
Impact of Diabetes on Individual
- Pregnancy
Transgenerational effects, baby has higher chance of obesity, diabetes, hypertension, kidney disease
Impact of Diabetes on Individual
- Kidneys
10 times more likely to have end stage renal disease
Impact of Diabetes on Individual
- Feet
20 times more likely to be hospitalized for nontraumatic lower limb amputation
Impact of Diabetes on Individual
- Healthcare System
Those with diabetes are
- 2 times more likely to visit their family physician
- 2 to 3 times more likely to see a specialist
- 3 times more likely to be hospitalized
- if hospitalized stay for 4-6 days longer
Impact of Diabetes on Individual
- Other
Neuropathy
Anxiety and Depression
Erectile Dysfunction
Foot Ulcers
What is the leading cause of death for people with diabetes
- Heart disease
- Cancer
- Stroke
Life expectancy with diabetes vs without
6 years shorter with diabetes
People with pre-diabetes are at a higher risk of death
- True or False
True
Core Defects contributing to Type 2 Diabetes
Insulin Resistance in muscle and liver
Impaired Insulin secretion from pancreatic beta cells
CANRISK: Who is at more risk
- Age
Older people are at higher risk
CANRISK: Who is at more risk
- Biological Sex
Males are at higher risk
CANRISK: Who is at more risk
- BMI
Higher BMI are at higher risk
- One’s BMI can be changed
CANRISK: Who is at more risk
- Waist Size
Higher waist size are at risk
CANRISK: Who is at more risk
- Physical Activity
No 30 minutes of physical activity are at risk
- Can be a brisk walk
CANRISK: Who is at more risk
- Diet
No fruits and vegetables everyday are at higher risk
CANRISK: Who is at more risk
- Blood Pressure
High blood pressure are at higher risk
CANRISK: Who is at more risk
- Pregnancy
Giving birth to a baby 9 lbs or more (Macroscopic) means higher risk
CANRISK: Who is at more risk
- Family
If the mother/father/sibling/child has diabetes then patient has a high risk
CANRISK: Who is at more risk
- Level of education
The lower the level of education the higher the risk
CANRISK: Who is at more risk
- Ethnic Group
South Asian > East Asian > Black > Indigenous > Non-White > White
Benefits of Lifestyle Intervention
Reduces progression of diabetes
Improves insulin sensitivity
Lowers Blood Glucose
Improves Lipids
Improves Blood Pressure
