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EPPP kirsty > Tx Intervention Sup > Flashcards

Tx Intervention Sup Flashcards

1
Q

Reality principle

A

what the ego operates on

try to satisfy id within restraints of superego

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2
Q

Freud’s psychosexual stages

A

Oral: 0-1
Anal: 1-3
Phallic: 3-6
Latency: 6-puberty
Genital: puberty-death

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3
Q

oedipus complex

A

crucial experience during phallic stage (age 3-6). boy competes with father for mother’s attention

develop castration anxiety

girls develop penis envy

ID: jealousy, desire to eliminate father
ego: accept father will stay, direct anger elsewhere

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4
Q

defense mechanisms

A

developed by ego (unconsciously) to satisfy id within superego’s rules

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5
Q

list some defense mechanisms

A

repression: rejection of id
projection: attribute own unconscious desires to someone else
reaction formation: replacement of one unacceptable desire with its opposite
displacement: shift energy elsewhere
sublimation: mature convert libidinal drives into healthy and socially acceptable outlets

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6
Q

psychoanalysis strategies

A

id can’t be examined directly

free association
dream analysis
transference (pt projects own thoughts, emotions, drives onto therapist)
resistance
catharsis: emotional release

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7
Q

Jung

A

colleague of Freud
developed analytical psychology

unconscious has two levels: 1) individual/personal, 2) collective

collective consists of archetypes (the hero, Electra complex)

developed concept of introversion and extroversion (seeking pleasure within or outside of self)

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8
Q

Adler

A

people strive to create own style of life

split from Freud over his proposal of Aggressive Drive.

Greater focus on social context, healthy = more socially interested. inferiority/superiority. Birth order.

techniques:
Magic Wand
Prescribe symptom
Act “as if” (you are confident)

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9
Q

neo-Freudians

A

greater focus on social-cultural factors in development of personality (vs. personality as a result of instinctual drives)

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10
Q

Karen Horney

A

1939
feminist psychology
womb envy

maladaptie personality development happens due to basic anxiety resulting from poor relationships between child and parent.

to address, child moves toward, against, or away from others

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11
Q

Harry Stack Sullivan

A

1953

cognitive development important for forming personality. 3 stages:

1) protaxic: thoughts are independent from one another (infancy, schizophrenia)
2) parataxic: infer causal relationships when these don’t exist (causes neuroses)
3) syntaxic: logical, rational, symbolic cognition = healthy

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12
Q

Erich Fromm

A

5 character orientations
1 good: productive
4 bad:
receptive
exploitative
boarding
marketing

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13
Q

object-relations theory

A

focuses on individual’ s mental representations of themselves or others. can be good or bad objects

mental representations originate in childhood

Melanie Klein
Heinz Kohut
Donald Winnicott
ROnald Fairbarin
Margaret Mahler

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14
Q

life and death pulsations

A

eros
thanatos

psychoanalysis

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15
Q

rational emotive behavior therapy vs cognitive therapy

A

REBT more didactic and straightforward. Strong focus on rational vs irrational beliefs.

REBT: musterbatory (“must” “should”) thinking

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16
Q

ACT

A

psychological flexibility
mindfulness

6 modules:
1. cognitive defusion
2. acceptance
3. contacting the present moment
4. observing the self
5. client values
6. committed action

goal is NOT symptom reduction but rather to live a rich, meaningful life

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17
Q

biosocial theory of BPD

A

consistent pattern of invalidation
+
biological predisposition toward emotional dysregulation

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18
Q

dialectic behavior thearpy

A

teaches dialectics as a worldview: can experience BOTH

incl indiv, group therapy and phone coaching

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19
Q

TFCBT PRACTICE acronym

A

P: psychoeducation & parenting skills
R: relaxatoin
A: affective expression and regulation
C: cognitive coping
T: trauma narrative development
I: in vivo exposure
C: conjoint parent-child session
E: enhancing future safety

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20
Q

Rogers’ person centered therapy

A

psychopathology occurs when clients are accepted only in certain, specific circumstances (conditions of worth)

unconditional positive regard
therapist provides accurate empathy: recognition and understanding of the client’s lived experience

goal is to provide a corrective emotional experience

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21
Q

existential therapy

A

emphasizes philosophical rather than technical approach

goal is to increase clients’ awareness by moving toward authenticity, confronting normal “existential anxiety” and increase understanding of own freedom and responsibility to live their lives

Frankl (man’s search for meaning)
Yalom
Rollo May
James Bugental

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22
Q

Gestalt therapy

A

Fritz Perls

person cannot be understood out of their context

goal is for clients to become aware of who they are - only then can they effect change (paradoxical theory of change)

empty chair technique

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23
Q

feminist therapy

A

the person is political

view problems in sociopolitical and cultural context

client identities seen thru lens of privilege and oppression

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24
Q

Reality therapy

A

emphasizes client’s own role and responsibility in shaping their lives

all symptoms are misguided attempts at meeting own needs.

Glasser’s 5 basic needs:
survival
love/belonging
power/achievement
freedom/independence
fun

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25
Q

Motivational interviewing

A

reinforce client’s change talk

like Rogers’ person-centered therapy but more directive

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26
Q

stages of change in MI

A

precontemplation
contemplation
preparation
action
maintenance

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27
Q

4 principles of MI

A
  1. compassion
  2. collaboration
  3. evocation
  4. acceptance (acknowledge clients’ absolute worth, respect autonomy, affirm clients strengths/efforts, accurate empathy)
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28
Q

systems theory

A

views the family as a dynamic pattern of interpersonal relationships and interrelated interactions.

family tends towards homeostasis - especially families who emphasize negative feedback

closed vs. open systems: open more flexible, closed more rigid (and maladaptive).

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29
Q

communication theory

A

examines how information is transmitted and processed through humanc ommunicaiton.

in family, all behaviors are some sort of communication, no matter how subtle.

emphasizes importance of understanding power imbalances.

double-bind communication: aspects of a message contradict
metacommunication: messages contain both explicit and implicit content

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30
Q

double-bind communication

A

aspects of a message contradict

idea within communication theory

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31
Q

metacommunication

A

messages contain both explicit and implicit content

idea within communication theory

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32
Q

Murray Bowen

A

extended family systems therapy

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33
Q

Extended family systems therapy

A

Bowen

important to assess relationships between members of the extended family

genogram
multigenerational transmission process of familial dynamics

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34
Q

constructs within Bowenian Extended Family Systems theory

A

Differentiation of self
Triangulation
Nuclear family emotional patterns
Family projection process
Emotional cutoff
Sibling position (birth order)
Societal emotional processes

35
Q

what is differentiation of self

A

in Bowenian family therapy

an individual’s ability to distinguish between their feelings and thoughts. Especially separating oneself from unhealthy family values while maintaining and appropriate emotional bond

36
Q

What is triangulation

A

in Bowenian family therapy

2 individuals involve a third person in managing conflict.

therapist SHOULD use triangulation to manage conflict

37
Q

what are nuclear family emotional patterns

A

in Bowenian family therapy

emotional styles passed down thru generations.

38
Q

Family projection process

A

in Bowenian family therapy

tendency for family members to “project” dysfunctional emotional or cognitive patterns on a third party within the family, who then may have greater difficulty differentiating themselves from the dysfunction

39
Q

Emotional cutoff

A

in Bowenian family therapy

family member who separates entirely from other members of the family, due to the family projection process.

this person is most likely to replicate dysfunctional familial patterns

40
Q

Minuchin’s Structural Family Therapy

A

therapist seeks to adjust and alter dysfunctional family patterns and dynamics by “joining” the family system
incorporates both Systems theory and Communication theory

Family map: rules, messages, dynamics between family members. Therapist has to learn this and join.
Subsystems
Family structure: how fam members interact. this is implicit and unspoken
boundaries: enmeshed to disengaged
triangulation
Detouring
enactment

41
Q

Strategic Family therapy

A

Jay Haley

address current, specific problem

therapist uses:
circular questioning (asking same question to each family member)
reframing specific behaviors
directives (giving commands)

42
Q

three types of family therapy and how they differ

A

Systems: examine multigenerational family patterns
Structural: focused on hierarchies, family map
Strategic: focused on 1 problem

43
Q

describe different types of psychotherapy groups

A

Process group: processing emotional issues shared by group members
Task groups: like study groups
Psychoeducational groups: psychoed
Brief group therapy: address specific problems or provide interventions to specific type of client

44
Q

Yalom’s views on group therapy

A

group leader must be able to handle conflict and address transference and countertransference

co-therapists are helpful, esp when diff genders

identified 11 therapeutic factors.

45
Q

Yalom and Leszcz’s 3 most important therapeutic factors for group therapy

A

cohesiveness within the group
catharsis
interpersonal learning

46
Q

transtheoretical model of change

A

different interventions are appropriate at different MI stages of change

2 main processes of change:
1. experiential processes (e.g., catharsis, conscioucness raising)
2. behavioral processes (e.g., contingency mgmt, choosing).

47
Q

some important common factors include:

A

Positive expectations (client expects therapy will help)
Therapeutic relationship: positive dynamic
Working/therapeutic alliance: quality of relationship

48
Q

4 stages of Trioden’s model of Homosexual identity development

A
  1. sensitization
  2. identity confusion
  3. identity assumption
  4. commitment
49
Q

Positive psychology

A

Seligman

strengths-based approach, focusing on 6 culture-free strengths.

50
Q

Seligman’s 6 strengths

A

wisdom and knowledge
humanity

courage
justice

temperance
transcendence

51
Q

job/work analysis in IO psych

A

involves the determination of what tasks make up a job, the tasks’ relative importance, and what knowledge, skills, and abilities are necessary to successfully carry out those tasks.

52
Q

describe 3 different ways of evaluating job candidates

A
  1. multiple cutoff: applicant needs to meet minimum score on multiple measures
  2. multiple hurdle: applicant needs to pass 1 hurdle at a time
  3. multiple regression: strengths in one area can compensate for weaknesses in another
53
Q

what is the halo effect

A

we judge a person that we like more favorably on all domains

54
Q

describe a 360 degree feedback approach

A

get feedback regarding a person’s performance from multiple informants

55
Q

describe different management/leadership styles (Theories)

A

Theory X: pessimistic, controlling, view employees as lazy
Theory Y: view employees as hard workers, believe employees contribute, encourage autonomy - McGregor

Theory Z: consensual decision making approach, holistic concern, moderate task specialization (based on Japanese ideals; compared to A) - Ouchi
Theory A: american ideals

56
Q

Clifton views on managemnt

A

strength-based approach to mgmt:

57
Q

2 styles of leadership

A

transactional: give orders, leader is in charge
transformational: aim to make positive changes in an organization

58
Q

personality traits most strongly predictive of being a good leader

A

(CEO)
conscientousness
extraversion
openness to experience

59
Q

job satisfaction is related to:

A

job turnover
absenteeism
work performance
organziational citizenship behaviork

60
Q

three types of commitment to work

A
  1. affective/attitudinal: emotional attachment to the job
  2. continuance: leaving is too costly
  3. normative: sense of loyalty based on company investments
61
Q

what is sports psychology

A

A proficiency that uses psychological knowledge and skills to address optimal performance and well-being of athletes, developmental and social aspects of sports participation, and stomach issues associated with sports settings and organizations.

62
Q

three main strategies used in sports psych

A
  1. cognitive and behavioral skills to enhance athletic performance
  2. clinical/counseling interventions to enhance motivation or address problems
  3. consultation and training
63
Q

7 theories used in career counseling

A

cognitive information processing
Holland’s persoanlity and environmental typology
Super’s career and life developmetn theory
Gottfredson’s theory of circumscription and compromise
Krumboltz’s two-part learning theory
LEnt’s social-cognitive career theory
Career construction theory

64
Q

Cognitive Information Processing Theory

A

pyramid of three levels:
top: Metacognition
middle: CASVE
bottom: self- and occupation-knowledge

65
Q

Super’s Career and Life Development Theory

A

developmental perspective, with shifting social roles and situations

Growth (4-13 y):
Exploration (14-24 y): explore options
Establishment (25-44y): stabilize and advance career
Maintenance (45-65 y): maintain work
Disengagement (>65y): slow pace, look to retirement

66
Q

Gottfredson’s Theory of Circumscription and Compromise

A

how people manage career options accounting for social status and personality variables

4 developmental processes:
1. cognitive growth
2. self-creation
3. circumscription (has 4 stages)
4. compromise (has 3 factors)

67
Q

Krumboltz’ Two-Part Learning Theory of Career Decision Making

A

there are 4 factors that account for an individual’s desire to pursue certain career paths:
1. genetic endowment/special abilities
2. environmental conditions/events
3. learning experiences
4. task-approach skills

also includes theory of career counseling: how counselors can support people in maing career decisions

68
Q

Lent’s social cognitive career theory

A

emphasizes interaction between enviro and individual’s cognitions. How people become interested, select, perform well, and feel satisfied in jobs.

4 models:
interest model
choice model
performance model
satisfaction model

69
Q

Career Construction THeory

A

postmodern approach
how people construct their own interpretations of the world and adapt to their environments

70
Q

Cowen’s 4 components of wellness

A

competence
resilience
social-system modification
empowerment

71
Q

what is a health promotion program

A

builds resilience
reduces risk
overall wellness enhancement
prevent or manage disease

72
Q

what is resilience?

& what are some methods to build resilience?

A

adaptability to adversity

build and maintain healthy relationships
set and work towards goals

73
Q

difference between primary and secondary and tertiary prevention

A

primary: before onset of problem
secondary: stops problem from worsening
tertiary: prevention of re-occurrence

74
Q

Rodolfa’s three components of supervision

A

supervision parameters (evaluation, ethical/legal, supervision models, individual and relationship differences)
supervisee developmental level
supervisor tasks (supervision, documentation)

75
Q

model of supervision emerging from psychoanalysis

A

focus on working alliance, parallel processes

quality of the relationship between supervisor and ee impacts professional growth

76
Q

person-centered supervision

A

based on Rogers’ PCT (humanistic)

supervisor believes that trainees are highly motivated to grow and learn, have ability to progress

77
Q

CBT modeled supervision

A

supervision is teaching appropriate behaviors, eliminating inappropriate behaviors

more structured, incl socratic questioning, more consultative

78
Q

systemic supervision style

A

mirror supervision in the family structure
isomorphism
often do live supervision

79
Q

constructivist style of supervision

A

truth and reality are in the eye of the beholder

collaboration to construct meaning in any given context

May be Narrative or Solution-focused
focus on supervisee strengths

80
Q

Loganbill, Hardy, Delworth model of counselor development

A

3 developmental stages
- stagnation: trainee lacks awareness of own blindspots
- confusion: trainee aware of problems but not sure how to address
- integration: trainee takes on more responsibility for what happens in supervision

progress through these three stages for all `supervisory issues: ethics, competence, emotional awarness, etcc.

81
Q

Integrated Developmental Model IDM - Stoltenberg

A

assess three domains: self-other awareness, motivation, autonomy

4 levels of therapist development
1: limited experience, dependent on supervisor
2: ambivalence re: competency and autonomy
3: more autonomy,
3i: high levels in all three domains

82
Q

Ronnestad and Skovholt Model

A

therapist development across lifespan

Lay Helper Phase
Beginnign Student Phase
Advanced Student Phase
Novice Professional
Experienced Professional
Senior Professional

83
Q

Three social role model theories

A

Discrimination model: supervisor addresses intervention, conceptualization, and personalization skills

Hawkins and Shohet Model: examine therapy and supervisory system, which overlap
Holloway Systems approach: What and How

84
Q

Caplan’s 4 different types of mental health consultation

A

client-centered case consultation
consultee-centered case consultation
program-centered administrative consultation
consultee-centered administrative consultation

EPPP kirsty (9 decks)

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