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FMHS AcDec 2014 > Tut's Sarcophagi > Flashcards

Tut's Sarcophagi Flashcards

0
Q

The river supported which aspect of Egyptian culture?

A

Their agricultural production

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1
Q

Ancient Egyptian society was dependent on….?

A

The Nile River

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2
Q

What was at the foundation of the Egyptians religious beliefs?

A

The fact that the Pharaoh served as a mediator between the mortals and the gods

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3
Q

The pharaoh was seen as a human embodiment of what?

A

The gods

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4
Q

Once a pharaoh died it was believed he would become a ….

A

God

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5
Q

What are the dates used to classify Egyptian Art?

A

3150-1000 BCE

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6
Q

Most Egyptian art was focused on

A

Religious practices

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7
Q

The following were constructed for their religion:

A

Tombs, temples, and sanctuaries

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8
Q

What are these religious items made out of? (Temples, sanctuaries, etc.)

A

Durable stone that can withstand the test of time

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9
Q

The fact that Egyptian tombs and religious objects were made out of more durable material suggests that…..?

A

The Egyptians put a greater stress on their religion and their pass to the afterlife

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10
Q

Most of what we know about Egyptian Society comes from:

A

Tombs and tomb decorations

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11
Q

Which statue of Tutankhamun was found at the entrance to his tomb?

A

His ‘ka’ statue

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12
Q

Under which pharaoh did Egyptian art change radically?

A

Akhenaton

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13
Q

In their religious system the Egyptians did not distinguish between:

A

Body and soul

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14
Q

When do you receive your ‘ka’ or parallel self?

A

At birth

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15
Q

What was buried with the Egyptian dead?

A

All of the items they would need, including food, clothing, as well as servants (in the form of small statues), and treasures if the dead is a person of high social status like a pharaoh or a priest

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16
Q

What did the Egyptians do to preserve the physical appearance of a body for the afterlife?

A

An elaborate mummification process

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17
Q

What were the major phases of Egyptian Art?

A

Early Dynastic Period, the Old Kingdom, the Middle Kingdom, and the New Kingdom.

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18
Q

During what years was the Early Dynastic Period of Egyptian Art?

A

3150-2575 BCE

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19
Q

During what years was the Old Kingdom of Egyptian Art?

A

2575-2134 BCE

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20
Q

During what years was the Middle Kingdom of Egyptian Art?

A

2040-1640 BCE

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21
Q

During what years was the New Kingdom of Egyptian Art?

A

1550-1070 BCE

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22
Q

During what years was the pharaoh Akhenaton in rule?

A

1353-35 BCE

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23
Q

What God did Akhenaton’s converted religion honor?

A

Aton

24
Q

In which aspect of art was changed during Akhenaton’s rule?

A

In the area of figurative sculpture

25
Q

Images and sculptures of Akhenaton are more…

A

Relaxed and Realistic, rather than stiff and powerful like other statues

26
Q

Akhenaton’s religion put emphasis on ________ rather than ________.

A

This world; the afterlife

27
Q

An interest in ______ may be seen because of Akhenaton’s personal religious focus

A

Naturalism

28
Q

Who or what can be mummified?

A

Members of nobility, court officials, and some commoners, as well as animals of religious significance like a bull, crocodile, or cat

29
Q

The process was ______ and most often reserved for the _________.

A

Expensive; pharaoh

30
Q

The information we know about the Egyptian mummification process comes from….

A

Tomb wall paintings and relief sculptures

31
Q

Since opening the wrappings of a mummy destroyed the bodies, what technology do we use now to uncover the bodies inside of the wrappings?

A

CAT scans (Computer Axial Tomography)

32
Q

The Egyptian mummification process was developed in the _________ dynasty.

A

Fourth dynasty

33
Q

How long did the mummification process take to complete?

A

Seventy days

34
Q

After the body was ritually cleaned and cut on the left side of the torso which organs were removed from the body?

A

Lungs, liver, stomach, and intestines

35
Q

Natron, the substance that organs are packed in after being washed, was made of what?

A

It is a salt compound

36
Q

How was the brain extracted?

A

A long hook through the nostril and was then discarded

37
Q

Where did the center of human intelligence rest?

A

The heart

38
Q

How long was the body left to dry in a natron compound?

A

40 days

39
Q

Where did we put the organs after the dehydration process?

A

Canonic jars, or back in the body

40
Q

What was the body filled with to maintain it’s shape?

A

Linen wrappings, leaves, and sawdust

41
Q

When was King Tut’s tomb discovered?

A

1922

42
Q

How was Tut’s tomb unique compared to others?

A

The riches it contained, it hadn’t been pillaged

43
Q

Where was Tutankhamun buried?

A

Valley of the Kings

44
Q

Who was behind the discovery of Tut’s tomb?

A

Howard Carter

45
Q

During what time frame was the Valley of the Kings the main burial ground?

A

Sixteenth through Eleventh centuries BCE

46
Q

Who sponsored an original pre-excavation of Tut’s tomb?

A

Theodore Davis

47
Q

What seals were on the door before the tomb?

A

The royal necropolis

48
Q

What day of the year in 1922 was the tomb opened?

A

November 26

49
Q

What were the names of the four chambers of the tomb?

A

Antechamber, annex, burial chamber, and treasury

50
Q

Which factor of the tomb suggested that Tutankhamun had died at an early age?

A

The small spaces in the tomb suggested a lack of preparation.

51
Q

What were the measures of the shrine guarding the burial chamber?

A

Seventeen feet wide, eleven feet deep, and nine feet high

52
Q

What are the measures of the innermost coffin?

A

Six feet, one inch long

53
Q

What is the overwhelming visual characteristic of the coffin?

A

Opulence

54
Q

Tutankhamun is presented as which of the Egyptian Gods?

A

Osiris

55
Q

Which of the symbols of Egyptian Kingship, which were adopted in the old kingdom period, were represented on Tutankhamun’s sarcophagus?

A

Ceremonial beard, and folded linen headress

56
Q

Which items held by Tutankhamun were used to symbolize two means of control used by the pharaoh to lead his people?

A

Crook and Flail

57
Q

During which dynasty was Tutankhamun made pharaoh?

A

The eighteenth dynasty

58
Q

With further investigation what do we now believe killed King Tut?

A

He had broken his leg and it was becoming infected, and we also discovered he had malaria

FMHS AcDec 2014 (19 decks)

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