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John Alanis Certified Sommelier > Tuscany > Flashcards

Tuscany Flashcards

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1
Q

Tuscany Major Red Grapes

A

Sangiovese (brunello, grosso, prugnolo gentile and many other clones),
Montepulciano, Cabernet Sauvignon, Cabernet Franc, Merlot, Syrah.

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2
Q

Tuscany Major White Grapes

A

Trebbiano, Vernaccia, Vermentino

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3
Q

Tuscany Minor Red Grapes

A

Canaiolo, Colorino

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4
Q

Tuscany Minor White Grapes

A

Sauvignon Blanc, Chardonnay

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5
Q

Location of Tuscany

A

Located between the “spine” of the Apennine mountains and the coast, this region is
categorized by rolling hills, low-lying sandy plains, and rugged mountain terrain.

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6
Q

Weather in Tuscany

A

hot
summers, and cold winters, with high snowfall inland.

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7
Q

Major Cities in Tuscany

A

Florence, Siena, Livorno, and
Pisa

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8
Q

Climate of Tuscany

A

Mediterranean at the sea and moves into a Continental climate with
Mediterranean influences near the base of the Apennines

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9
Q

Tuscany Soils

A

Soils are marl and clay-limestone with sandstone in the Apennines, sandy-clay near San Gimignano, gravelly clay (similar to Bordeaux), and sand near Maremma, with many other patchworks around the region

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10
Q

Chianti Soils

A

two main soils are galestro (friable marl), and albarese (sandstone)

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11
Q

Tuscany Ancient History

A

8th Century BCE: Etruscans bring vines to Tuscany.
3rd Century BCE: Greeks take over winemaking.
1st Century AD: The Romans take over Tuscany.
1282: The Arte dei Vinattieri guild is formed that regulates the selling of wine.
14th Century AD: The rise of many of the prestigious wine-growing families such as the Frescobaldi’s, Ricasolis, and Antinori’s

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12
Q

When is Chianti designated as a growing region?

A

1716

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13
Q

Clementi Santi of Biondi-Santi isolates and bottles the first Brunello clone of
Sangiovese in?

A

1865

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14
Q

When are Modern Chianti boundaries are set with eight subzones?

A

1932

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15
Q

What did Marquis Mario Rochetta release in 1968?

A

the first “Super Tuscan,” Sassicaia, a blend of Cabernet Franc and Cabernet Sauvignon. It is classified as Vino di Tavola

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16
Q

In 1971 Piero Antinori releases his own “Super Tuscan,” called?

A

Tignanello, a blend of Sangiovese and
Merlot, aged and made in the style of Bordeaux. It is classified as Vino di Tavola

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17
Q

When was Brunello di Montalcino is upgraded to DOCG?

A

1980

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18
Q

When were Chianti and Chianti Classico upgraded to DOCG?

A

1984

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19
Q

Goria’s Law

A

Goria’s Law is created to give wines a tighter designation while being able to have
more creativity. This is the indicazione geograflca tipica or IGT category.

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20
Q

Chianti Classico 2000 Project

A

The creation of the Chianti Classico 2000 Project by the Consorzio Vino Chianti
Classico. This project studies clonal variations of Sangiovese for historical context and viticulture use such as disease resistance

21
Q

Winemaker Preferences

A

Much of the Sangiovese grown here is vinified according to traditional techniques such as longer macerations and aging in neutral large Botti. Some producers such as those that make Super Tuscans will age wines in new French barrique and incorporate cold
macerations

22
Q

Tannic Red Winemaker Preferences

A

Regions that make tannic reds like Brunello will have extended aging requirements on
the wines to soften them before release.

23
Q

White Winemaker Preferences

A

Whites here are usually easy drinking and do not see any new oak aging unless it is a highend Chardonnay. These wines may be fermented in a neutral barrel but will still maintain
varietal purity

24
Q

Governo

A

refermenting a wine with the juice of dried grapes. Used to give alcohol and
body to wines in Chianti.

25
Q

Brunello di Montalcino DOCG

A

dry red wines from the Brunello clone of Sangiovese. Can be
Riserva or Vigna (single-vineyard). Aging: minimum 2 years in wood, with 4 months in
bottle, a total of 5 years; Riserva: minimum 2 years in wood, 6 months in bottle, a total of 6 years

26
Q

Chianti DOCG

A

Dry red wine from a minimum 70% Sangiovese. Can be Riserva, Superiore,
Vigna or labeled with a subzone. Riserva must be aged two years before release

27
Q

Subzones of Chianti DOCG

A

Rufina, Colli Fiorentini, Montespertoli, Montalbano, Colli Senesi, Colli Aretini,
Colline Pisane

28
Q

Chianti Classico DOCG

A

Dry red wines from a minimum 80% Sangiovese. Can be Classico,
Riserva, and Gran Selezione

29
Q

Gran Selezione

A

estate grown, min. 90% Sangiovese and longer aging

30
Q

Four original villages of Chianti Classico production

A

Radda, Gaiole, Castellina, Greve

31
Q

Carmignano DOCG

A

Dry red wine from a minimum of 50% Sangiovese, can be Riserva

32
Q

Montecucco Sangiovese DOCG

A

Dry red wine from a minimum of 90% Sangiovese, can be Riserva

33
Q

Morellino di Scansano DOCG

A

Dry red wine from a minimum of 85% Sangiovese, can be Riserva

34
Q

Vino Nobile di Montepulciano DOCG

A

Dry red wine from a minimum of 70% Sangiovese, can be Riserva

35
Q

Roso della Val di Cornia

A

Dry red wine from a blend of Sangiovese, Merlot and Cabernet
Sauvignon, can be Riserva

36
Q

Suvereto DOCG

A

Red wines from Cabernet Sauvignon, Merlot, and other international
varieties. Can be Riserva and varietally labeled

37
Q

Vernaccia di San Gimignano DOCG

A

Dry white wine from Vernaccia, can be Riserva

38
Q

Elba Aleatico Passito DOCG

A

Sweet red wines from the Aleatico grape, dried for a
minimum of ten days before pressing

39
Q

Rosso di Montalcino DOC

A

“Baby” Brunello from 100% Sangiovese, can be Vigna

40
Q

Bolgheri DOC

A

White, rosato, red, varietal Vermentino, varietal Sauvignon Blanc, for
international varieties and “Super Tuscans.”

41
Q

Bolgheri Sassicaia DOC

A

For Cabernet Sauvignon based red wines

42
Q

Sant’Antimo DOC

A

Still red, white, and Vin Santo from all varieties allowed in Tuscany. This
is an outlet for “Super Tuscans.”

43
Q

Moscadello di Montalcino DOC

A

Dry, sparkling, and sweet wines from Moscato Bianco

44
Q

Vin Santo del Chianti DOC

A

White and red dessert wines from Trebbiano and Sangiovese.
The red style is called “Occhio di Pernice,” and can be Riserva

45
Q

Major Villages

A

Montalcino, Montepulciano, Florence, Siena, Livorno,
and Pisa

46
Q

Major Chianti Classico Vineyards/Producers

A

Felsina, Fontodi, Isole e Olena, Badia e Coltibuono, Volpaia, Barone
Ricasoli, Antinori, Montevertine

47
Q

Major Brunello Producers

A

Biondi Santi, Case Basse (Soldera), Altesino, Silvio Nardi, Col d’Orcia,
Talenti, Fattoria dei Barbi, Castello Banfi, Ciacci Piccolomini

48
Q

Major Super Tuscan Producers

A

Tenuta san Guido, Ornellaia, Le Macchiole, Ca’ Marcanda (Gaia), Tenuta
Guado al Tasso, Antinori

John Alanis Certified Sommelier (22 decks)

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