Turkey-Syria Case Study Flashcards
Where did the earthquake occur?
In SE Turkey, near the border with Syria
When did the earthquake occur?
February 2023
What was the nature of the earthquake?
Two major earthquakes occurred on the same day along a fault
What were the magnitudes of both earthquakes?
- 7.8 magnitude earthquake occurred at 4am
- 7.5 magnitude earthquake occurred at 1pm
How deep was the focus of the 7.8 magnitude earthquake?
11km
Where did the initial earthquake occur?
Gaziantep, home to many Syrian refugees and humanitarian organisations
Where did the second earthquake occur?
Ekinozu, a city located north of Gaziantep
Along which plate boundary did these earthquakes occur?
Between the Arabian and Anatolian plates
How many deaths were caused?
68,000 total
- 60,000 in Turkey
- 8,000 in Syria
How many people were injured in SE Turkey?
100,000
How many people were made homeless?
1.5 million
How many homeless people remained homeless one year on?
500,000
What was one of the main causes of the high death toll?
People died of hypothermia beneath collapsed buildings
How much economic damage did the disaster cause?
$115 billion total
- $100 billion in Turkey
- $15 billion in Syria
How much of Turkey’s agricultural output was affected?
20%
How many buildings were damaged or destroyed?
200,000
What was the UN estimate of economic damages to agriculture?
$7 billion
What happened in the Turkish port city of Inskenderun?
A fire broke out
What happened in NW Syria?
A dam cracked and burst, causing extensive flooding
What was the impact on food security in Turkey?
Decreased agricultural output led to food insecurity
Why were the Turkish government criticised?
Political corruption had led to poor building standards
What had the Turkish government introduced in 1999?
An earthquake tax - none of this money was used for protection due to corruption
Where did people seek shelter?
Stadiums and mosques
How many volunteers arrived from around the world?
140,000 volunteers from 94 countries
What did the Turkish government promise following the earthquake?
To build 250,000 new homes in the 11 affected provinces
How many people were provided with temporary housing?
2 million
How many Syria Civil Defence personnel were deployed across NW Syria?
2,000 (also known as the White Helmets)
What impact did the disaster have on poverty in Turkey?
- 40% of households in the 11 affected regions lived below the poverty line before the disaster
- This has increased to 50% following the earthquake
What type of plate boundary exists between the Arabian and Anatolian plates?
Conservative plate boundary
