Hazards Additional Case Studies Flashcards
What is an example of a constructive boundary?
- Mid-Atlantic Ridge, Iceland
- North American and Eurasian paltes
What is an example of a conservative boundary?
- San Andreas Fault, California
- North American and Pacific plates
What is an example of a destructive subduction boundary?
- South America
- Nazca and South American plates
What is an example of a destructive collision boundary?
- The Himalayas
- Indian and Eurasian plates
What are the three examples of earthquakes in the Himalayan collision zone?
- Kashmir (2005)
- Sichuan (2008)
- Gorkha (2015)
What percentage of earthquake deaths were caused by three earthquakes in the Himalayan collision zone?
40% since 2005
What is an example of risk sharing?
- Increased cooperation between the NEMA and the NZ government since 2014
- Community insurance to implement mitigation strategies
What is an example of volcanic ash fall?
Mount Merapi, Indonesia (2010)
- VEI 4
- 350 deaths
- 350,000 evacuated
- Ash fell up to 40km away from the volcano
What is an example of large volcanic ash fall?
Lake Nyos Eruption, Cameroon (1986)
What is an example of a large pyroclastic flow?
Mount St. Helens, USA (1980)
What is an example of a lahar?
- Nevado del Ruiz, Colombia (1985)
- 4 large lahars
- Stratovolcano
- Armero tragedy
- 23,000 deaths
What is an example of a tsunami?
- Boxing Day tsunami, SE Asia (2004)
- 9.3 magnitude
- 230,000 deaths
- Crustal fracturing as a 1000km fault ruptured
What are examples of responses to an earthquake?
Gorkha, Nepal (2015)
- 7.9 magnitude
- 500,000 tents set up outside og Kathmandu
What happened during the UK wildfires (2018)?
- Winter Hill and Saddleworth Moor
- 9,000 acres of farmland burned
- 50 homes evacuated in GM
- Occurred between June and September
What happened during the mainland Greece wildfires (2018)?
- Dry soils due to low rainfall
- Summer heatwave and a drought
- Strong winds caused wildfire spread to towns and tourist resorts
- 70 deaths
- Greek PM assumed full responsibility
