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National Exam CSLMS > Tubes & Tests > Flashcards

Tubes & Tests Flashcards

1
Q

What is order of draw for microtubes (capillary collections)?

A

Lavender
Green
Light Green
Grey
Gold
Red

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2
Q

Phenytoin, Clozapine, Tacrolimus, Cyclosporine are all tests for what kind of monitoring?

A

Therapeutic Drug Monitoring

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3
Q

What colour tube is Cyclosporine tested in?

A

Lavender

Cyclosporine is an immunosuppressant and is commonly used to prevent rejection of transplant organs

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4
Q

What colour tube would you use for a Phenytoin test?

A

Dependant on location but either
Gold or Red

is an anti-seizure medication

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5
Q

When doing a Clozapine test, what colour tube should you grab?

A

Red
Along with testing the clozapine level itself,
CBC is also commonly ordered to monitor neutropenia.

prescribed to schizophrenic patients

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6
Q

When would a Tacrolimus test be ordered and what kind of tube would you use?

A

Is an immunosuppressant drug,
commonly used for transplant patients to prevent rejection

Lavender - EDTA tube for whole blood sample

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7
Q

Liver function tests are done on what colour tube?

A

Dependant on location
Light Green or Gold

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8
Q

What is a common liver function test on a requisition?

A

Bili = bilirubin
ALT = alanine transaminase
ALP = alkaline phosphatase test
AST = aspartate aminotransferase
ALB = albumin blood test
TP = total protein test
GGT = gamma-glutamyl transferase test

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9
Q

What colour tube can an iron deficiency test(ferritin) be done in?
(FER)

A

Gold or Green

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10
Q

What colour tube would you use for a hematology profile blood draw?

(CBC) (HP)

A

Lavender

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11
Q

What colour tube would you use for an INR test?

(INR) (PT) (PTT)

A

Light Blue

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12
Q

What colour tubes do you use for glucose chemistry testing?

A

Fasting = Green (Island Health)
Random - Gold (Life Labs)
Hemoglobin A1C (HGA1/A1C) - Lavender

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13
Q

When testing electrolytes what colour tube would you use?

Na, K+, ALB, ALP/ALK, ALT, BILI, GGT, TP, Crea, Ca, CK

A

Green (Island Health)

Gold (Life Labs)

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14
Q

What is the order of draw?

A

1 - Blood Cultures (sterile) -
2 - Light Blue (sodium citrate) for coagulation studies don’t want to get heparin or EDTA in these tubes
3 - Red (No additive)
4 - Gold (SST)
5 - Green (Heparin)
6 - Lavender (EDTA)
7 - Grey (sodium fluoride)

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15
Q

What additives bind to calcium inhibiting coagulation of the blood?

A

EDTA, sodium and potassium

     ~ Sodium Citrate
     ~ Potassium Oxalate
     ~ Sodium Polyanethol Sulfonate (SPS)  -  used for blood cultures

These PREVENT clotting; anticoagulants

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16
Q

Chemistry specimen must be spun within what time frame?

A

2 hours

At the lab within 45 minutes to allow time to lab tech’s to spin and assess sample

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17
Q

Hematology specimen should be analyzed within what time if left unrefrigerated?

A

4 hours

If it’s refrigerated it’s 12 hours

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18
Q

How long do you wait for clotting before centrifuging an SST ?

A

30 - 60 minutes

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19
Q

How long do you wait for clotting before centrifuging a Red tube?

A

Minimum 60 minutes

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20
Q

Red Tube has what additives?

A

No additives

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21
Q

Light Blue Tube has what additives?

A

Sodium Citrate

Prevents the blood from clotting

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22
Q

Lavender Tube has what additives?

A

EDTA

Ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid

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23
Q

Gold Tube has what additives?

A

clot activators - polymer gel, thixotropic gel

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24
Q

Gray Tube has what additives?

A

iodoacetate, sodium fluoride;
may also have anticoagulant potassium oxalate or heparin

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25
Q

Black Tube has what additives?

A

Sodium Citrate

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26
Q

Green Tube has what additives?

A

sodium heparin;

may have gel

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27
Q

Light Green Tube has what additives?

A

lithium heparin, thixotropic gel

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28
Q

Orange Tube has what additives?

A

thrombin

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29
Q

Royal Blue Tube has what additives?

A

EDTA or none

30
Q

What tubes need 3 inversions?

A

Light Blue

31
Q

What tubes need 0 inversions?

A

Red and Black

32
Q

What tubes need 5 inversions?

A

Gold or Red/Gray

33
Q

What tubes need 8 inversions?

A

Lavender, Gray, Green
and Orange

34
Q

Which tube has no specimen in it?

A

Lavender

whole blood

35
Q

Some common tests with Light Blue Tube are…

A

PT/INR
PTT
Fibrinogen
D-Dimer
TEG

36
Q

Common tests with a Green Tube are…

A

Test done in the hospital
Chemistry Tests
Electrolytes
Cardiac markers

37
Q

Common tests with a Gold Tube are…

A

antigen/antibody tests - “Send out” tubes
Ionized Calcium

common name SST (serum Separator Tube)

38
Q

Lavender tubes are commonly used for what tests?

A

CBC (white blood cell count, hemoglobin, platelets)
ESR (sed rate)
A1C (how patient maintains blood sugars)

Ammonia Levels

39
Q

What tests are time sensitive before centrifuging?

A

60 minutes - Clozapine, Cryoglobulin, Cold Aggutinin
30 minutes - SST tubes
0 minutes - Electrolytes are not time sensitive

40
Q

What tests on this tube need to kept cold?

A

None

41
Q

What tests need to be kept on heat with this tube?

A

Cryoglobulin
Cold Agglutinin

42
Q

What tests need to be refrigerated and what colour of tube?

A

CBC
HGA1
WBC
RBC
Plts
Hgb
Tacrolimus
Cyclosporine

43
Q

What tests need to be kept on ice after venipuncture?

A

Homocysteine - Lavender
Ammonia - Green

44
Q

Common tests associated with the Endocrine System?

A

TSH,
T4,
T3,
PTH,
Estrogen,
Testosterone,
Prolactin,
LH,
FSH

45
Q

Possible test associated with the Cardiovascular System include;

A

PT/PTT
BNP
D Dimer
CBC
Bone Marrow Analysis
Erythropoietin
ECG
Cardiac Biomarkers (Troponin)
Peripheral Smear

46
Q

Common tests associated with Bone or Joint disorders

A

Calcium,
Uric Acid,
Fluid Analysis,
Phosphorus,

47
Q

A test for the Muscular System?

A

CK,
Functional Tests,
LDH,
AST,
ALT

48
Q

Common tests associated with the Respiratory System?

A

Nasal Swab,
Sputum,
Cultures,
Biopsies,
Blood Gases,
Electrolytes

49
Q

Specialty tests and why they are special

A
50
Q

What tests are associated with Sepsis?

A

PCT
LDH
Lactate

51
Q

Glucose Studies include what tests?

A
  1. Glucose
    a. Random
    b. Fasting
  2. Hemoglobin A1C
  3. Glucose Tolerance Testing
52
Q

What tests are done with a Complete Blood Count?

A

WBC+Diff
RBC
PLT
HGB
HCT
MCV
MCH
MCHC
RDW

53
Q

Iron Study tests include…

A
  1. Iron + TIBC (Total Iron Binding Capacity)/Transferrin
    (Transport)
  2. Ferritin (storage)
  3. Hemoglobin (active storage)
54
Q

Transfusions include what tests?

A

Group & Screen
XMatch
RHIG eligibility

55
Q

Electrolyte tests include…

A
  1. Sodium (Na+)
  2. Potassium (K+)
  3. Chloride (Cl-)
  4. Bicarbonate (HCO3-)

Mineral Testing/Extended
Electrolytes
1. Calcium (Ca)
2. Phosphorous (PO4)
3. Magnesium (Mg)

56
Q

Tests associated with inflammation are

A
  1. CRP (ESR in heme)
  2. Procalcitonin (PCT) (Bacterial)
57
Q

Serum Toxicology tests are

A

ETOH (Ethanol - CNS depression)
ACET (Acetaminophen - liver toxicity)
SALI (Salicylates - decreased platelet aggregation)

58
Q

Tests associated with Urine Toxicology

A

a. Fentanyl (FENT)
b. Oxycodone (Oxy)
c. Morphine (MOP)
d. Marijuana (THC)
e. Methamphetamines
f. Amphetamines (AMP)
g. Benzodiazepines (BENZO)
h. Cocaine
i. Methadone
j. Opiates
k. PCP
l. GHB
m. Barbiturates (Barb)

59
Q

Volatiles tests are

A

methanol
isopropanol
acetone
ethylene glycol

60
Q

Tests associated with Tumor Marker are

A

CA19-9 (Pancreatic Cancer)
CA125 (Ovarian Cancer)
CA15-3 (Breast Cancer)
CEA (Colorectal Cancer)
AFPS (Testicular, Ovarian, Stomach Cancer)

61
Q

Liver associated tests

A

TBILI
ALP
ALT
AST
TP
GGT
ALB

62
Q

Cardiac tests

A
  1. Troponin (Acute MI)
  2. BNP (Congestive Heart Failure)
  3. LDH
  4. CK (MB)

AST
Lipids

63
Q

Test associated with the Kidney

A

CREA (EGFR)
ALB
UREA (BUN)

64
Q

Therapeutic Drug Monitoring tests include

A
  1. Antibiotics
    a. Gentamycin
    b. Tobramycin
    c. Amikacin
    d. Vancomycin
  2. Anti-Epileptic
    a. Phenytoin
    b. Phenobarbital
    c. Carbamazepine
    d. Valproic Acid
  3. Cardioactive
    a. Digoxin
  4. Mood Stabilizer
    a. Lithium
  5. Immunosuppressants
    a. Cyclosporin
  6. Bronchodilators
    a. Theophylline
65
Q

Lipid panels include

A
  1. Cholesterol
    a. HDL
    b. LDL
  2. Triglycerides
  3. *Lipoprotein Electrophoresis
66
Q

Tests for pancreatic function include

A
  1. Lipase
  2. Amylase
67
Q

Tests for the bone are

A
  1. Calcium
  2. Phosphorous
  3. ALP
68
Q

What tests are associated with Hormone Testing?

A
  • Reproductive: HCG, LH, FSH, TEST, EST, PRL
  • Adrenals: CORT (AM, PM, or RDM)
69
Q

Lipid Panel consists of… (3)

A
  1. Cholesterol
    a. HDL
    b. LDL
  2. Triglycerides
  3. *Lipoprotein Electrolytes
70
Q

Trace Metals

A

Copper (Cu)
Zinc (Zn)

71
Q

What test tubes can be centrifuged within 4 minutes of collection?

A

Sodium Citrate
EDTA - Ammonia
PST
Dark Green (Lith. Hep.)

72
Q

What tubes need to be placed on ice immediately?

A

Ammonia
Lactate
Capillary Blood Gases

National Exam CSLMS (15 decks)

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