Tubes & Tests Flashcards by Jessica Hayward

What is order of draw for microtubes (capillary collections)?

Lavender
Green
Light Green
Grey
Gold
Red

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Phenytoin, Clozapine, Tacrolimus, Cyclosporine are all tests for what kind of monitoring?

Therapeutic Drug Monitoring

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What colour tube is Cyclosporine tested in?

Lavender

Cyclosporine is an immunosuppressant and is commonly used to prevent rejection of transplant organs

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What colour tube would you use for a Phenytoin test?

Dependant on location but either
Gold or Red

is an anti-seizure medication

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When doing a Clozapine test, what colour tube should you grab?

Red
Along with testing the clozapine level itself,
CBC is also commonly ordered to monitor neutropenia.

prescribed to schizophrenic patients

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When would a Tacrolimus test be ordered and what kind of tube would you use?

Is an immunosuppressant drug,
commonly used for transplant patients to prevent rejection

Lavender - EDTA tube for whole blood sample

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Liver function tests are done on what colour tube?

Dependant on location
Light Green or Gold

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What is a common liver function test on a requisition?

Bili = bilirubin
ALT = alanine transaminase
ALP = alkaline phosphatase test
AST = aspartate aminotransferase
ALB = albumin blood test
TP = total protein test
GGT = gamma-glutamyl transferase test

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What colour tube can an iron deficiency test(ferritin) be done in?
(FER)

Gold or Green

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What colour tube would you use for a hematology profile blood draw?

(CBC) (HP)

Lavender

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What colour tube would you use for an INR test?

(INR) (PT) (PTT)

Light Blue

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What colour tubes do you use for glucose chemistry testing?

Fasting = Green (Island Health)
Random - Gold (Life Labs)
Hemoglobin A1C (HGA1/A1C) - Lavender

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When testing electrolytes what colour tube would you use?

Na, K+, ALB, ALP/ALK, ALT, BILI, GGT, TP, Crea, Ca, CK

Green (Island Health)

Gold (Life Labs)

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What is the order of draw?

1 - Blood Cultures (sterile) -
2 - Light Blue (sodium citrate) for coagulation studies don’t want to get heparin or EDTA in these tubes
3 - Red (No additive)
4 - Gold (SST)
5 - Green (Heparin)
6 - Lavender (EDTA)
7 - Grey (sodium fluoride)

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What additives bind to calcium inhibiting coagulation of the blood?

EDTA, sodium and potassium

     ~ Sodium Citrate
     ~ Potassium Oxalate
     ~ Sodium Polyanethol Sulfonate (SPS)  -  used for blood cultures

These PREVENT clotting; anticoagulants

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Chemistry specimen must be spun within what time frame?

2 hours

At the lab within 45 minutes to allow time to lab tech’s to spin and assess sample

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Hematology specimen should be analyzed within what time if left unrefrigerated?

4 hours

If it’s refrigerated it’s 12 hours

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How long do you wait for clotting before centrifuging an SST ?

30 - 60 minutes

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How long do you wait for clotting before centrifuging a Red tube?

Minimum 60 minutes

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Red Tube has what additives?

No additives

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Light Blue Tube has what additives?

Sodium Citrate

Prevents the blood from clotting

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Lavender Tube has what additives?

EDTA

Ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid

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Gold Tube has what additives?

clot activators - polymer gel, thixotropic gel

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Gray Tube has what additives?

iodoacetate, sodium fluoride;
may also have anticoagulant potassium oxalate or heparin

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Black Tube has what additives?

Sodium Citrate

Green Tube has what additives?

sodium heparin; may have gel

Light Green Tube has what additives?

lithium heparin, thixotropic gel

Orange Tube has what additives?

thrombin

Royal Blue Tube has what additives?

EDTA or none

What tubes need 3 inversions?

Light Blue

What tubes need 0 inversions?

Red and Black

What tubes need 5 inversions?

Gold or Red/Gray

What tubes need 8 inversions?

Lavender, Gray, Green and Orange

Which tube has no specimen in it?

Lavender whole blood

Some common tests with Light Blue Tube are...

PT/INR PTT Fibrinogen D-Dimer TEG

Common tests with a Green Tube are...

Test done in the hospital Chemistry Tests Electrolytes Cardiac markers

Common tests with a Gold Tube are...

antigen/antibody tests - "Send out" tubes Ionized Calcium common name SST (serum Separator Tube)

Lavender tubes are commonly used for what tests?

CBC (white blood cell count, hemoglobin, platelets) ESR (sed rate) A1C (how patient maintains blood sugars) Ammonia Levels

What tests are time sensitive before centrifuging?

60 minutes - Clozapine, Cryoglobulin, Cold Aggutinin 30 minutes - SST tubes 0 minutes - Electrolytes are not time sensitive

What tests on this tube need to kept cold?

None

What tests need to be kept on heat with this tube?

Cryoglobulin Cold Agglutinin

What tests need to be refrigerated and what colour of tube?

CBC HGA1 WBC RBC Plts Hgb Tacrolimus Cyclosporine

What tests need to be kept on ice after venipuncture?

Homocysteine - Lavender Ammonia - Green

Common tests associated with the Endocrine System?

TSH, T4, T3, PTH, Estrogen, Testosterone, Prolactin, LH, FSH

Possible test associated with the Cardiovascular System include;

PT/PTT BNP D Dimer CBC Bone Marrow Analysis Erythropoietin ECG Cardiac Biomarkers (Troponin) Peripheral Smear

Common tests associated with Bone or Joint disorders

Calcium, Uric Acid, Fluid Analysis, Phosphorus,

A test for the Muscular System?

CK, Functional Tests, LDH, AST, ALT

Common tests associated with the Respiratory System?

Nasal Swab, Sputum, Cultures, Biopsies, Blood Gases, Electrolytes

Specialty tests and why they are special

What tests are associated with Sepsis?

PCT LDH Lactate

Glucose Studies include what tests?

1. Glucose a. Random b. Fasting 2. Hemoglobin A1C 3. Glucose Tolerance Testing

What tests are done with a Complete Blood Count?

WBC+Diff RBC PLT HGB HCT MCV MCH MCHC RDW

Iron Study tests include...

1. Iron + TIBC (Total Iron Binding Capacity)/Transferrin (Transport) 2. Ferritin (storage) 3. Hemoglobin (active storage)

Transfusions include what tests?

Group & Screen XMatch RHIG eligibility

Electrolyte tests include...

1. Sodium (Na+) 2. Potassium (K+) 3. Chloride (Cl-) 4. Bicarbonate (HCO3-) Mineral Testing/Extended Electrolytes 1. Calcium (Ca) 2. Phosphorous (PO4) 3. Magnesium (Mg)

Tests associated with inflammation are

1. CRP (ESR in heme) 2. Procalcitonin (PCT) (Bacterial)

Serum Toxicology tests are

ETOH (Ethanol - CNS depression) ACET (Acetaminophen - liver toxicity) SALI (Salicylates - decreased platelet aggregation)

Tests associated with Urine Toxicology

a. Fentanyl (FENT) b. Oxycodone (Oxy) c. Morphine (MOP) d. Marijuana (THC) e. Methamphetamines f. Amphetamines (AMP) g. Benzodiazepines (BENZO) h. Cocaine i. Methadone j. Opiates k. PCP l. GHB m. Barbiturates (Barb)

Volatiles tests are

methanol isopropanol acetone ethylene glycol

Tests associated with Tumor Marker are

CA19-9 (Pancreatic Cancer) CA125 (Ovarian Cancer) CA15-3 (Breast Cancer) CEA (Colorectal Cancer) AFPS (Testicular, Ovarian, Stomach Cancer)

Liver associated tests

TBILI ALP ALT AST TP GGT ALB

Cardiac tests

1. Troponin (Acute MI) 2. BNP (Congestive Heart Failure) 3. LDH 4. CK (MB) AST Lipids

Test associated with the Kidney

CREA (EGFR) ALB UREA (BUN)

Therapeutic Drug Monitoring tests include

1. Antibiotics a. Gentamycin b. Tobramycin c. Amikacin d. Vancomycin 2. Anti-Epileptic a. Phenytoin b. Phenobarbital c. Carbamazepine d. Valproic Acid 3. Cardioactive a. Digoxin 4. Mood Stabilizer a. Lithium 5. Immunosuppressants a. Cyclosporin 6. Bronchodilators a. Theophylline