Tubes & Tests Flashcards
What is order of draw for microtubes (capillary collections)?
Lavender
Green
Light Green
Grey
Gold
Red
Phenytoin, Clozapine, Tacrolimus, Cyclosporine are all tests for what kind of monitoring?
Therapeutic Drug Monitoring
What colour tube is Cyclosporine tested in?
Lavender
Cyclosporine is an immunosuppressant and is commonly used to prevent rejection of transplant organs
What colour tube would you use for a Phenytoin test?
Dependant on location but either
Gold or Red
is an anti-seizure medication
When doing a Clozapine test, what colour tube should you grab?
Red
Along with testing the clozapine level itself,
CBC is also commonly ordered to monitor neutropenia.
prescribed to schizophrenic patients
When would a Tacrolimus test be ordered and what kind of tube would you use?
Is an immunosuppressant drug,
commonly used for transplant patients to prevent rejection
Lavender - EDTA tube for whole blood sample
Liver function tests are done on what colour tube?
Dependant on location
Light Green or Gold
What is a common liver function test on a requisition?
Bili = bilirubin
ALT = alanine transaminase
ALP = alkaline phosphatase test
AST = aspartate aminotransferase
ALB = albumin blood test
TP = total protein test
GGT = gamma-glutamyl transferase test
What colour tube can an iron deficiency test(ferritin) be done in?
(FER)
Gold or Green
What colour tube would you use for a hematology profile blood draw?
(CBC) (HP)
Lavender
What colour tube would you use for an INR test?
(INR) (PT) (PTT)
Light Blue
What colour tubes do you use for glucose chemistry testing?
Fasting = Green (Island Health)
Random - Gold (Life Labs)
Hemoglobin A1C (HGA1/A1C) - Lavender
When testing electrolytes what colour tube would you use?
Na, K+, ALB, ALP/ALK, ALT, BILI, GGT, TP, Crea, Ca, CK
Green (Island Health)
Gold (Life Labs)
What is the order of draw?
1 - Blood Cultures (sterile) -
2 - Light Blue (sodium citrate) for coagulation studies don’t want to get heparin or EDTA in these tubes
3 - Red (No additive)
4 - Gold (SST)
5 - Green (Heparin)
6 - Lavender (EDTA)
7 - Grey (sodium fluoride)
What additives bind to calcium inhibiting coagulation of the blood?
EDTA, sodium and potassium
~ Sodium Citrate
~ Potassium Oxalate
~ Sodium Polyanethol Sulfonate (SPS) - used for blood cultures
These PREVENT clotting; anticoagulants
Chemistry specimen must be spun within what time frame?
2 hours
At the lab within 45 minutes to allow time to lab tech’s to spin and assess sample
Hematology specimen should be analyzed within what time if left unrefrigerated?
4 hours
If it’s refrigerated it’s 12 hours
How long do you wait for clotting before centrifuging an SST ?
30 - 60 minutes
How long do you wait for clotting before centrifuging a Red tube?
Minimum 60 minutes
Red Tube has what additives?
No additives
Light Blue Tube has what additives?
Sodium Citrate
Prevents the blood from clotting
Lavender Tube has what additives?
EDTA
Ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid
Gold Tube has what additives?
clot activators - polymer gel, thixotropic gel
Gray Tube has what additives?
iodoacetate, sodium fluoride;
may also have anticoagulant potassium oxalate or heparin
Black Tube has what additives?
Sodium Citrate
Green Tube has what additives?
sodium heparin;
may have gel
Light Green Tube has what additives?
lithium heparin, thixotropic gel
Orange Tube has what additives?
thrombin
Royal Blue Tube has what additives?
EDTA or none
What tubes need 3 inversions?
Light Blue
What tubes need 0 inversions?
Red and Black
What tubes need 5 inversions?
Gold or Red/Gray
What tubes need 8 inversions?
Lavender, Gray, Green
and Orange
Which tube has no specimen in it?
Lavender
whole blood
Some common tests with Light Blue Tube are…
PT/INR
PTT
Fibrinogen
D-Dimer
TEG
Common tests with a Green Tube are…
Test done in the hospital
Chemistry Tests
Electrolytes
Cardiac markers
Common tests with a Gold Tube are…
antigen/antibody tests - “Send out” tubes
Ionized Calcium
common name SST (serum Separator Tube)
Lavender tubes are commonly used for what tests?
CBC (white blood cell count, hemoglobin, platelets)
ESR (sed rate)
A1C (how patient maintains blood sugars)
Ammonia Levels
What tests are time sensitive before centrifuging?
60 minutes - Clozapine, Cryoglobulin, Cold Aggutinin
30 minutes - SST tubes
0 minutes - Electrolytes are not time sensitive
What tests on this tube need to kept cold?
None
What tests need to be kept on heat with this tube?
Cryoglobulin
Cold Agglutinin
What tests need to be refrigerated and what colour of tube?
CBC
HGA1
WBC
RBC
Plts
Hgb
Tacrolimus
Cyclosporine
What tests need to be kept on ice after venipuncture?
Homocysteine - Lavender
Ammonia - Green
Common tests associated with the Endocrine System?
TSH,
T4,
T3,
PTH,
Estrogen,
Testosterone,
Prolactin,
LH,
FSH
Possible test associated with the Cardiovascular System include;
PT/PTT
BNP
D Dimer
CBC
Bone Marrow Analysis
Erythropoietin
ECG
Cardiac Biomarkers (Troponin)
Peripheral Smear
Common tests associated with Bone or Joint disorders
Calcium,
Uric Acid,
Fluid Analysis,
Phosphorus,
A test for the Muscular System?
CK,
Functional Tests,
LDH,
AST,
ALT
Common tests associated with the Respiratory System?
Nasal Swab,
Sputum,
Cultures,
Biopsies,
Blood Gases,
Electrolytes
Specialty tests and why they are special
What tests are associated with Sepsis?
PCT
LDH
Lactate
Glucose Studies include what tests?
- Glucose
a. Random
b. Fasting - Hemoglobin A1C
- Glucose Tolerance Testing
What tests are done with a Complete Blood Count?
WBC+Diff
RBC
PLT
HGB
HCT
MCV
MCH
MCHC
RDW
Iron Study tests include…
- Iron + TIBC (Total Iron Binding Capacity)/Transferrin
(Transport) - Ferritin (storage)
- Hemoglobin (active storage)
Transfusions include what tests?
Group & Screen
XMatch
RHIG eligibility
Electrolyte tests include…
- Sodium (Na+)
- Potassium (K+)
- Chloride (Cl-)
- Bicarbonate (HCO3-)
Mineral Testing/Extended
Electrolytes
1. Calcium (Ca)
2. Phosphorous (PO4)
3. Magnesium (Mg)
Tests associated with inflammation are
- CRP (ESR in heme)
- Procalcitonin (PCT) (Bacterial)
Serum Toxicology tests are
ETOH (Ethanol - CNS depression)
ACET (Acetaminophen - liver toxicity)
SALI (Salicylates - decreased platelet aggregation)
Tests associated with Urine Toxicology
a. Fentanyl (FENT)
b. Oxycodone (Oxy)
c. Morphine (MOP)
d. Marijuana (THC)
e. Methamphetamines
f. Amphetamines (AMP)
g. Benzodiazepines (BENZO)
h. Cocaine
i. Methadone
j. Opiates
k. PCP
l. GHB
m. Barbiturates (Barb)
Volatiles tests are
methanol
isopropanol
acetone
ethylene glycol
Tests associated with Tumor Marker are
CA19-9 (Pancreatic Cancer)
CA125 (Ovarian Cancer)
CA15-3 (Breast Cancer)
CEA (Colorectal Cancer)
AFPS (Testicular, Ovarian, Stomach Cancer)
Liver associated tests
TBILI
ALP
ALT
AST
TP
GGT
ALB
Cardiac tests
- Troponin (Acute MI)
- BNP (Congestive Heart Failure)
- LDH
- CK (MB)
AST
Lipids
Test associated with the Kidney
CREA (EGFR)
ALB
UREA (BUN)
Therapeutic Drug Monitoring tests include
- Antibiotics
a. Gentamycin
b. Tobramycin
c. Amikacin
d. Vancomycin - Anti-Epileptic
a. Phenytoin
b. Phenobarbital
c. Carbamazepine
d. Valproic Acid - Cardioactive
a. Digoxin - Mood Stabilizer
a. Lithium - Immunosuppressants
a. Cyclosporin - Bronchodilators
a. Theophylline
Lipid panels include
- Cholesterol
a. HDL
b. LDL - Triglycerides
- *Lipoprotein Electrophoresis
Tests for pancreatic function include
- Lipase
- Amylase
Tests for the bone are
- Calcium
- Phosphorous
- ALP
What tests are associated with Hormone Testing?
- Reproductive: HCG, LH, FSH, TEST, EST, PRL
- Adrenals: CORT (AM, PM, or RDM)
Lipid Panel consists of… (3)
- Cholesterol
a. HDL
b. LDL - Triglycerides
- *Lipoprotein Electrolytes
Trace Metals
Copper (Cu)
Zinc (Zn)
What test tubes can be centrifuged within 4 minutes of collection?
Sodium Citrate
EDTA - Ammonia
PST
Dark Green (Lith. Hep.)
What tubes need to be placed on ice immediately?
Ammonia
Lactate
Capillary Blood Gases
