Patient Management Flashcards
What is the most important pre-analytical step when performing phlebotomy?
Patient Identification
What are some possible questions asked during history taking?
- Are you taking blood thinners?
- When was the last time you had something to eat or drink other than water?
- When was the last time you took your ______ medication?
- Have you had bloodwork before?
What are some examples of Unique Identifiers?
- Name
- DOB (date of birth)
- PHN (provincial health number)
- MRN (medical record number)
Information gathered from the patient chart or observing is known as __________
subjective or objective
Objective
Information collected from feelings, emotions, and personal perspective is known as __________
subjective or objective
Subjective
The pyramids of needs from a base (physiological) level to a higher (self-actualization) level is known as:
Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs
What is the code of ethics?
Treating all with dignity and respect
5 common diversity traits
(EAGAR)
Ethnicity
Age
Gender
Ability
Religion
_______ live on or in organisms & deprive nutrients from the host
Parasites
______ comes in two forms, yeasts and molds
Fungi
What needs a living host to survive?
It cannot live outside.
Viruses
What are used to fight viruses?
Vaccines
What is used to fight bacteria?
Antibiotics
Know this image!
Where can you gather information to assess a patient’s needs?
Requisition, patient chart, patient or caregiver (verbal)
The establishment and GROWTH of a microorganism on or IN A HOST is what?
Infection
When the infection results in injury to the host, it’s referred to as…
Disease
A microorganism KNOWN TO CAUSE A DISEASE is called a ______
Pathogenic microorganism
TRUE or FALSE
Viruses can’t survive outside a living cell.
TRUE
Some common bacteria are;
- tuberculosis
- streptococcal infections of the throat
- salmonella poisoning
- Lyme disease, gonorrhea
- syphilis
- tetanus
TRUE or FALSE
Bacteria are intracellular parasites
FALSE
microscopic,single celled organisms; prokaryotic (lack nuclei and membrane bound organelles)
What are the 4 basic infectious agents?
Bacteria
Viruses
Fungi
Protozoan Parasites
Some common viruses are;
- Influenza viruses - spread by coughing and sneezing
- Norovirus and rotavirus - transmitted by fecal-oral route.
- HIV and Hepatitis - transmitted through sexual contact or blood exposure
TRUE or FALSE
Fungal infections are of concern for patients that are immunocompromised
TRUE
Two forms of Fungi are with examples…
Yeasts and Molds
▶ Yeast - athlete’s foot/ringworm and yeast (causing thrush),
Cryptococcus affects humans and animals, causing meningitis
▶ Mold - Aspergillus
TRUE or FALSE
There are a large number of parasites that produce disease.
TRUE
Human parasites include malaria and tapeworms.
The Host is what?
The individual who gets the infection
susceptible person who his unable to fight infection.
What is the Agent?
An infectious microorganism
QUANTITY – small numbers can be harmless but if numbers increase it can cause infection
VIRULENCE – ability of the microorganism to cause disease
Mode of Transmission is what?
How the infectious organism makes contact with the host
What are some examples of Portal of Entry?
Inhalation
Break in the skin
An insect bite
Contaminated food
What is an example of Portal of Exit?
Feces
Blood
Mucus
Respiratory droplets
Blood contact
Other bodily
What is the Reservoir?
Site/Place where an Agent can live and grow, where transmission can occur
Can be environmental (hospital setting or water/food supply), animal (rodent, insect), or person (carrier – someone who is infected but does not show signs of the disease)
How can a person break the chain of infection?
Hand washing
Immunization
PPE
What is an Iatrogenic Infection?
Infection CAUSED by healthcare workers
What is Nosocomial Infections?
An infection ACQUIRED from hospital staff
