Practice Test 2 - Data & Specimen Collection & Handling Flashcards
What is a neutrophil?
a) A bacteria that prefers a neutral (pH 7) environment
b) A type of coagulation factor in the blood
c) A type of white blood cell
d) An atom with more neutrons than electrons
c) A type of white blood cell
What is thiamine?
a) A respiratory stimulant
b) A vitamin
c) An amino acid
d) An antibiotic
b) Vitamin
Thiamine is the chemical name for vitamin B1
A thrombus is a:
a) blood clot
b) instrument for measuring blood pressure
c) moving foreign body in the bloodstream
d) type of needle for aspirating pleural fluid
a) blood clot
What is phagocytosis?
a) An abnormally high number of phagocytes in the blood
b) An autoimmune disease where phagocytes attack the body’s own cells
c) The process by which phagocytes engulf foreign material
d) The process by which phagocytes move
c) The process by which phagocytes engulf foreign material
Which term of position literally means “toward the tail” and describes a position below another part of the body?
a) Caudal
b) Cephalic
c) Distal
d) Dorsal
c) Caudal
Caudal (or inferior), describes a position below another body part.
Cephalic means “toward the head” and describes a position above another part of the body
Distal means further away
Dorsal refers too the back
What is the term for movement away from the midline of the body?
a) Abduction
b) Adduction
c) Inversion
d) Retrusion
a) Abduction
A movement toward the midline is known as ADDuction
What does the suffix
‘-poesis” mean?
a) Dilation
b) Falling
c) Production
d) Softening
c) Production
Examples;
erythropoiesis - the production of red blood cells
thrombopoiesis - the production of platelets
XDP stands for:
a) cross draw procedure
b) extraneous draw procedure
c) serum crosslinked fibrin
d) xerostomia
c) serum crosslinked fibrin
What is hematuria?
a) A disease where the body makes to much blood
b) Blood in the eye
c) Blood in the urine
d) Kidney stones
c) Blood in the urine
The simplest form of carbohydrate is called a:
a) free fatty acids
b) glycerol molecule
c) monosaccharide
d) nucleotide
c) monosaccharide
Amylase breaks down:
a) carbohydrates
b) enzymes
c) fats
d) proteins
a) carbohydrates
The kidney is part of which organ system?
a) Circulatory
b) Digestive
c) Endocrine
d) Urinary
d) Urinary
Kidneys main function is to filter waste products from the blood and produce urine.
What is the primary structure of proteins?
a) The configuration of alpha-helices
b) The presence of disulfide bridges
c) The sequence of amino acids
d) The spatial arrangement of proteins subunits
c) The sequence of amino acids
Primary structure is the simplest level of structure in proteins, sequence of amino acids
The bladder and kidney are organs of which body system?
a) Endocrine
b) Immune
c) Lymphatic
d) Urinary
Urinary
Which two DNA bases are called purine bases?
a) Adenine and cytosine
b) Adenine and guanine
b) Thymine and cytosine
d) Thymine and guanine
Adenine and guanine
Which body tissue stores unneeded, extra energy?
a) Bone
b) Fat
c) Muscle
d) Skin
b) Fat
Body changes excess energy into fat
What is known as the primary pacemaker of the heart?
a) Purkinje fibers
b) SA node
c) bundle branches
d) bundle of HIS
b) SA node
What are the two main types of angina?
a) Acute and chronic
b) Slow and rapid
c) Stable and unstable
d) Venous and arterial
c) Stable and unstable
Angina is chest pain due to the heart not receiving enough oxygen.
Stable angina is the most common type. The heart follows a regular pattern and it happens during exercise.
Unstable angina is the most dangerous type. It does not follow a pattern and can happen without exercise. A sign that a heart attack could be imminent.
Type 1 diabetes:
a) arises during pregnancy
b) can be cured
c) is an autoimmune disease
d) is the most common form of diabetes
c) is an autoimmune disease
Type I diabetes is a condition where the body attacks and destroys the cells that make insulin.
The type of diabetes that arises during pregnancy is gestational diabetes.
Type 2 diabetes is the most common form of diabetes.
In which disease is the body unable to use glucose for energy?
a) Diabetes
b) Hyperglycemia
c) Hypoglycemia
d) Stroke
Diabetes
In both Type 1 & Type 2 diabetes, the body either produces insufficient insulin (Type 1) or cannot use insulin effectively (Type 2). Without proper insulin function, cells are unable to access glucose for energy.
What type of tissue is blood?
a) Connective
b) Epithelial
c) Muscular
d) Nervous
Connective
55% of blood is:
a) hemoglobin
b) plasma
c) red blood cells
d) white blood cells
b) plasma
What are the three types of muscle tissue?
a) Cardiac, smooth and skeletal
b) Internal, external and connectors
c) Peripheral, central and core
d) Protractors, retractors and reactors
a) Cardiac, smooth and skeletal
Which organ system transports carbon dioxide to the lungs ?
a) Circulatory
b) Lymphatic
c) Respiratory
d) Skeletal
a) Circulatory
When a muscle contracts, it:
a) lengthens and pulls a bone
b) lengthens and pushes a bone
c) shortens and pulls a bone
d) shortens and pushes a bone
c) shortens and pulls a bone
Which gland produces thyroid-stimulating hormone?
a) Parathyroid
b) Pituitary
c) Testes
d) Thyroid
b) Pituitary
It stimulates thee thyroid gland to produce T3 & T4
Which of these is an organ of the endocrine system?
a) Brain
b) Pancreas
c) Spleen
d) Stomach
b) Pancreas
The endocrine system is a series of glands that produce and secrete hormones. Major glands are the pineal gland, pituitary gland, pancreas, ovaries, testes, thyroid gland, parathyroid gland, hypothalamus and adrenal glands
Brain is part of the nervous system
Spleen is part of the lymphatic system
Stomach is part of the digestive system
To reach the urinary bladder, urine passes from the kidney through a tube called the:
a) renal column
b) renal pelvis
c) ureter
d) urethra
c) ureter
What colour is bilirubin?
a) Blue
b) Red
c) White
d) Yellow
d) Yellow
Accumulation in the body’s tissues can cause yellowish discolouration of the skin, eyes and mucous membranes, a condition called jaundice.
The small intestine consists of the duodenum, jejunum, and:
a) cecum
b) colon
c) ileum
d) rectum
c) ileum
Large intestine consists of:
cecum, colon, rectum and anal canal
The central nervous system includes the:
a) brain and spinal cord
b) heart
c) somatic nerves
d) spinal nerves
a) brain and spinal cord
Ribosomes are involved with:
a) active transport
b) energy production
c) fluid balance
d) protein synthesis
d) protein synthesis
Ribosome reads the messenger RNA sequence and translates that generic code into a string of amino acids.
Which organ system is responsible for regulating the secretion of hormones?
a) Digestive
b) Endocrine
c) Reproductive
d) Urinary
b) Endocrine
Which organ system transports oxygen, nutrients, and hormones to the body’s cells?
a) Cardiovascular
b) Digestive
c) Endocrine
d) Respiratory
a) Cardiovascular
The spleen and thymus are part of which organ system?
a) Endocrine
b) Lymphatic
c) Nervous
d) Reproductive
b) Lymphatic
Addison’s disease, Graves’ disease, and Hashimoto’s disease are all diseases of which body system?
a) Digestive
b) Endocrine
c) Immune
d) Respiratory
b) Endocrine