Tuberculosis Flashcards
1
Q
Tuberculosis
A
- Myobacterium tuberculosis bacterial infection
* Transmitted via inhalation
2
Q
Primary tuberculosis
A
- signs of infection soon after being exposed to TB
- mild flu like symptoms
3
Q
3 weeks after primary TB
A
- Cell mediated immunity - granuloma to wall off bacteria
- Caseous necrosis of granuloma bound lung tissue = areas is called ‘Ghon focus’
- Caseous necrosis leads to cavitation of tissue
- TB spreads further through airways and lymphatic channels
- Systemic miliary TB
4
Q
TB
A
- TB remains latent and asymptomatic is most affected individuals
- Old age// Immunocompromise causes TB to become active again
- TB bacteria is aerobic so spreads to upper lobes which are best aerated
5
Q
Systemic Miliary TB
A
TB disseminates and spreads to other tissues
- Kidneys - sterile pyuria
- Meninges - meningitis
- Adrenal glands - addison’s disease
- Liver - hepatitis
6
Q
TB test
A
- Tuberculin which is a component of TB
- If previously exposed
- Immune system reacts
