Trunk and Pelvis Flashcards
What are the natural curves of the spine?
Cervical lordosis
Thoracic kyphosis
Lumbar lordosis
Sacral kyphosis
What is the shape of the fetal spine?
C-shaped. Curve is concave anteriorly/convex posteriorly
What is the order of spinal curve development?
- cervical curve as child begins to hold their head up
- Thoracic curve as child begins to sit
- Lumbar curve emerges with standing and walking
What are two contributing factors to the lumbar curve in children?
Early tightness in ITB
Imbalance between trunk flexor and extensor strength
What are the purposes of spinal curves?
Resist compressive loads
Strategic planning for visceral organs
What is the trabecular system?
Structural development that manages stress and strain as a result of force
What do the vertebral discs respond to?
Respond to compressive loads
What ligament limits extension?
Anterior longitudinal ligament
What position places the most force on the intervertebral discs?
SITTING HUNCHED OVER!!!!!
What are the different motions at the spine?
Flexion, extension, lateral rotation, side bending
What are three variables in spinal motion?
Coupling
Amount
Direction
What does the line of gravity fall through in standing?
Mastoid process C1 C7 T10 S1
What are the two different categories that act to maintain equilibrium of the spine?
Passive tension
Active muscular contraction
What happens to the spine and pelvis during an anterior pelvic tilt?
Lumbar extension and hip flexion
What happens to the spine and pelvis during a posterior pelvic tilt?
Lumbar flexion and hip extension
What passive structure prevents movement when the pelvis tilts posteriorly? Which muscles need to support during PPT?
Iliofemoral ligament prevents movement.
Since the COG is over the hip, no muscular support is needed
What first contracts when the pelvis tilts anteriorly?
The hamstrings
What muscle contracts when the pelvis tilts very far anteriorly?
The gluteus maximus
What is the role of lumbar-Pelvic rhythm?
Increase total ROM
Less flexibility required of the spinal column
Reduce load on the erector spine (during flexion)
Which muscles act on the SI joint?
NO muscles directly act on the SI joint but all muscles that cross the joint act on the hip or limber spine
How many degrees of movement are there at the SI joint?
btwn 1-2 degrees
What does the SI joint act as?
Acts as a stress reliever for the pelvic ring
What is sacral nutation?
Sacral flexion (happens opposite of posterior pelvic tilt)
What is sacral counter-nutation?
Sacral extension (happens opposite of anterior pelvic tilt)
