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Functional Anatomy > Hip > Flashcards

Hip Flashcards

1
Q

What happens to the angle of inclination in coxa vera?

A

The angle of inclination decreases

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2
Q

What happens to the angle of inclination in coxa valga?

A

The angle of inclination increases

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3
Q

What is the Angle of inclination? What plane is it in?

A

The angle btwn the neck and the shaft of the femur. ~125 degrees. The frontal plane

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4
Q

What is the angle of torsion?

A

A line drawn from the head and neck of femur to a line drawn through the femoral condyles

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5
Q

What plane is the angle of torsion in?

A

Transverse

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6
Q

What is excess anteversion?

A

pathological Increase in angle of torsion

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7
Q

What is retroversion?

A

pathological decrease in angle of torsion

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8
Q

How much anteversion do we normally have?

A

15 degrees of torsion

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9
Q

What happens to the toes with ante version of femur?

A

Toes pointed in

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10
Q

What happens to the toes during retroversion of the femur?

A

Toes pointed out

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11
Q

What are the arthrokinematics of the hip joint during flexion?

A

Posterior glide

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12
Q

What are the arthrokinematics of the hip joint during Extension?

A

Anterior glide

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13
Q

What are the arthrokinematics of the hip joint during Adduction?

A

Superior/lateral glide

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14
Q

What are the arthrokinematics of the hip joint during Abduction?

A

Inferior glide

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15
Q

What are the arthrokinematics of the hip joint during Lateral Roatation?

A

anterior glide

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16
Q

What are the arthrokinematics of the hip joint during medial rotation?

A

posterior glide

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17
Q

In the entire capsule, which portion is thicker, which is thinner?

A

The anterior capsule is thinner than the posterior capsule

18
Q

In the anterior capsule, which part is thicker?

A

The anterior/superior part of the anterior capsule is the thicker part

19
Q

In the posterior capsule, which part is thinner?

A

The posterior/inferior part of the posterior capsule

20
Q

What are the three hip joint ligaments?

A

The iliofemoral ligament (anterior, y ligament), the ischiofemoral ligament (posteriorly) and the pubofemoral (anterior, inferior) ligament

21
Q

What motion do the ligaments undergo to maintain stability?

A

Torsion (twisting)

22
Q

What are the two types of bone in the femur?

A

Cortical bone-outer, structure hards

Cancellous bone-trabecular/spongy inner structure

23
Q

Which type of bone does osteoporosis affect?

A

Trabecular bone

24
Q

What type of bone is compromised in a hip fracture?

A

Cortical bone

25
Q

What plane is pelvic rotation in?

A

Transverse plane

26
Q

What plane is medial/lateral pelvic till in?

A

Frontal (hip hike, pelvic drop)

27
Q

Forward rotation of the pelvis is associated with what motion of the stance limb on the contralateral side?

A

Internal rotation

28
Q

Backwards rotation of the pelvis is associated with what motion of the stance limb on the contralateral side?

A

External Rotation

29
Q

What is a Trendelenberg sign?

A

Hip drop due to contralateral glute medius weakness

30
Q

What are the flexor muscles?

A

Iliopsoas, sartorius, rectus femorus

31
Q

What are the extensors?

A

Gluteus maximus, gluteus medius, biceps femoris, semitendonisis

32
Q

What are the abductors of the leg?

A

gluteus medius, gluteus minimus, TFL, Sartorius

33
Q

What are the adductors of the leg?

A

Adductor longus, Adductor brevis, Adductor magnus, pectineus, gracilis

34
Q

What are the lateral rotators of the leg?

A

piriformis, gemellus superior, gemellus inferior, quadratus femoris

35
Q

When the knee is in flexion and the hip is in extension, what is the action of the adductor longus ?

A

Hip FLEXION

36
Q

When the knee and hip are fully flexed what is the action of the adductor longs?

A

Hip EXTENSION

37
Q

Why doesn’t the hip have any purely internal rotators?

A

The hips natural inclination is to fall into internal rotation so the adductors will primarily pull the leg into IR

38
Q

What does HAT stand for?

A

Head, arm and trunk

39
Q

What are two different treatments for Tredelenberg gait?

A

Cane assisted gait on contralateral side or lateral lean

40
Q

What will happen to the hip with a lateral lean?

A

Lean toward the weaker side. Increases the axial compression in the hip

41
Q

What is the most common hip dislocation?

A

Posterior inferior dislocation

From sitting and you lean to pick up something off the floor.

Functional Anatomy (13 decks)

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