Hip Flashcards
What happens to the angle of inclination in coxa vera?
The angle of inclination decreases
What happens to the angle of inclination in coxa valga?
The angle of inclination increases
What is the Angle of inclination? What plane is it in?
The angle btwn the neck and the shaft of the femur. ~125 degrees. The frontal plane
What is the angle of torsion?
A line drawn from the head and neck of femur to a line drawn through the femoral condyles
What plane is the angle of torsion in?
Transverse
What is excess anteversion?
pathological Increase in angle of torsion
What is retroversion?
pathological decrease in angle of torsion
How much anteversion do we normally have?
15 degrees of torsion
What happens to the toes with ante version of femur?
Toes pointed in
What happens to the toes during retroversion of the femur?
Toes pointed out
What are the arthrokinematics of the hip joint during flexion?
Posterior glide
What are the arthrokinematics of the hip joint during Extension?
Anterior glide
What are the arthrokinematics of the hip joint during Adduction?
Superior/lateral glide
What are the arthrokinematics of the hip joint during Abduction?
Inferior glide
What are the arthrokinematics of the hip joint during Lateral Roatation?
anterior glide
What are the arthrokinematics of the hip joint during medial rotation?
posterior glide
In the entire capsule, which portion is thicker, which is thinner?
The anterior capsule is thinner than the posterior capsule
In the anterior capsule, which part is thicker?
The anterior/superior part of the anterior capsule is the thicker part
In the posterior capsule, which part is thinner?
The posterior/inferior part of the posterior capsule
What are the three hip joint ligaments?
The iliofemoral ligament (anterior, y ligament), the ischiofemoral ligament (posteriorly) and the pubofemoral (anterior, inferior) ligament
What motion do the ligaments undergo to maintain stability?
Torsion (twisting)
What are the two types of bone in the femur?
Cortical bone-outer, structure hards
Cancellous bone-trabecular/spongy inner structure
Which type of bone does osteoporosis affect?
Trabecular bone
What type of bone is compromised in a hip fracture?
Cortical bone
What plane is pelvic rotation in?
Transverse plane
What plane is medial/lateral pelvic till in?
Frontal (hip hike, pelvic drop)
Forward rotation of the pelvis is associated with what motion of the stance limb on the contralateral side?
Internal rotation
Backwards rotation of the pelvis is associated with what motion of the stance limb on the contralateral side?
External Rotation
What is a Trendelenberg sign?
Hip drop due to contralateral glute medius weakness
What are the flexor muscles?
Iliopsoas, sartorius, rectus femorus
What are the extensors?
Gluteus maximus, gluteus medius, biceps femoris, semitendonisis
What are the abductors of the leg?
gluteus medius, gluteus minimus, TFL, Sartorius
What are the adductors of the leg?
Adductor longus, Adductor brevis, Adductor magnus, pectineus, gracilis
What are the lateral rotators of the leg?
piriformis, gemellus superior, gemellus inferior, quadratus femoris
When the knee is in flexion and the hip is in extension, what is the action of the adductor longus ?
Hip FLEXION
When the knee and hip are fully flexed what is the action of the adductor longs?
Hip EXTENSION
Why doesn’t the hip have any purely internal rotators?
The hips natural inclination is to fall into internal rotation so the adductors will primarily pull the leg into IR
What does HAT stand for?
Head, arm and trunk
What are two different treatments for Tredelenberg gait?
Cane assisted gait on contralateral side or lateral lean
What will happen to the hip with a lateral lean?
Lean toward the weaker side. Increases the axial compression in the hip
What is the most common hip dislocation?
Posterior inferior dislocation
From sitting and you lean to pick up something off the floor.
