Hip FUNCTION focus

Question 1

Passive tension in which muscle(s) limits ABduction?

Answer 1

the 2-joint gracilis

Question 2

Passive tension in which muscle(s) limits ADduction?

Answer 2

TFL and ITB

Question 3

Passive tension in which muscle(s) limits hip flexion when combined with knee extension?

Answer 3

the 2-joint rectus femoris

Question 4

Motion of the hip joint is produced by movement of the pelvis on the

Answer 4

femur.

Question 5

Anterior and posterior tilting of the pelvis will result in flexion and extension of both hip joints simultaneously in bilateral stance. What about single leg stance?

Answer 5

can also occur at stance hip joint alone when opposite leg is NWB.

Question 6

What occurs with a posterior pelvic tilt in the sagittal plane?

Answer 6

pubic symphesis rises, sacrum descends

hip extension

Question 7

What occurs with an anterior pelvic tilt in the sagittal plane?

Answer 7

ASIS moves inferiorly on fixed femur

hip flexion

Question 8

Stand on left leg. Drop pelvis. What happens at the hip joint?

Answer 8

L hip adduction
(medial angle b/w femur and line through ASIS decreases)
R hip abduction

Question 9

Stand on left leg. Hike pelvis. What happens at hip joint?

Answer 9

L hip abduction
(medial angle b/w femur and line through ASIS increases)
R hip adduction

Question 10

Lateral pelvic tilt is named by what is happening to which side? Which side it the axis of rotation?

Answer 10

the side opposite to the WB hip in unilateral stance is the tilting side. The WB hip joint is always the axis of rotation.

Question 11

In bilateral stance (closed-chain), how does lateral pelvic tilt manifest and what happens at each hip joint?

Answer 11

results in lateral shift of pelvis
so if R lateral pelvic shift, R femur is adducted
L hip drops, L femur abducted

Question 12

With L unilateral stance, how does forward rotation manifest?

Answer 12

L hip is axis of rotation, R hip rotates forward, medial rotation at left hip

Question 13

Is forward/backward pelvic rotation possible in closed-chain bilateral stance?

Answer 13

Yes. The center of rotation is vertical axis through center of pelvis. (R forward/L backward)

Question 14

What combination of movements increases ROM in forward flexion to reach the hands to the floor? Is this mostly open or closed chain?

Answer 14

PELVIFEMORAL MOTION
combination of hip flexion, anterior pelvic tilt, flexion of lumbar spine maximizes ROM
OPEN chain

Question 15

R sidelying position, lift your left leg into abduction? What else happens and is this open-or closed chain?

Answer 15

PELVIFEMORAL MOTION
combination of L hip abduction (OPEN-chain)
lateral pelvic tilt (left hike about the right hip) and lumbar flexion to the left (closed chain)

Question 16

What is pelvifemoral motion?

Answer 16

combination of hip, pelvic, and lumbar motion

Question 17

Anterior pelvic tilt is accompanied by what hip joint motion and what compensatory lumbar spine motion?

Answer 17

hip flexion

lumbar extension

Question 18

Posterior pelvic tilt is accompanied by what hip joint motion and what compensatory lumbar spine motion?

Answer 18

hip extension

lumbar flexion

Question 19

Lateral pelvic tilt (R drop) is accompanied by what hip joint motion and what compensatory lumbar spine motion?

Answer 19

R aBduction

L lateral lumbar flexion

Question 20

Lateral pelvic tilt (R hike) is accompanied by what hip joint motion and what compensatory lumbar spine motion?

Answer 20

R aDDuction

R lateral lumbar flexion

Question 21

Forward rotation (about R axis) is accompanied by what hip joint motion and what compensatory lumbar spine motion?

Answer 21

R medial rotation

L lumbar rotation

Question 22

Backward rotation (about R axis) is accompanied by what hip joint motion and what compensatory lumbar spine motion?

Answer 22

R lateral rotation

R lumbar rotation

Question 23

What is an open-chain response to tight hip flexors? How does this change LOG?

Answer 23

forward head and trunk segment

LOG falls outside of BOS

Question 24

What is an fxnal closed-chain response to tight hip flexors? How does this change LOG?

Answer 24

lumbar extension (increased lordosis)
returns head over the sacrum so LOG is in BOS

Question 25

Adductors act as hip ________ in neutral hip position and as hip _____ from flexed hip position.

Answer 25

flexors | extensors

Question 26

Most important hip flexor is iliopsoas. Activity or passive tension results in ______ pelvic tilt and pulling of lumbar vertebrae ________.

Answer 26

anterior pelvic tilt | forward pull of lumbar vertebrae into flexion

Question 27

The rectus femoris is most involved in hip flexion when the knee is _______.

Answer 27

flexed | hip flex + knee ext puts rectus femoris into active insufficiency

Question 28

What relieves tensile stress imposed on the femoral shaft with WB?

Answer 28

ITB

Question 29

What is the most important fxn of the TFL?

Answer 29

maintains tension in ITB (with help of glut med)

Question 30

Excessive tension in the ITB is observed in which position?

Answer 30

Think Ober test. Hip extension and adduction is limited by ITB.

Question 31

The gracilis acts as a hip flexor when the knee is in which position?

Answer 31

extended knee only

Question 32

The abductors are most effective in what position?

Answer 32

slightly adducted position

Question 33

In unilateral stance, which two muscles are most important pelvic stabilizers for superimposed HAT segment?

Answer 33

glut min and glut med

Question 34

The lateral rotators insert on or near the

Answer 34

greater trochanter

Question 35

The common tendon is a shared insertion of which lateral rotators?

Answer 35

gemellus superior, gamellus inferior, quadratus femoris

Question 36

The lines of action of the lateral rotators are _____ to the femoral shaft and _____ to the head and neck of the femur.

Answer 36

perpendicular to femoral shaft --> rotation! | parallel to neck/head --> compression!

Question 37

No specific medial rotators of the hip. Rather the adductor muscles and what other muscles contribute?

Answer 37

anterior glut med, glut min ,TFL

Question 38

Medial rotations trends with what hip position?

Answer 38

hip flexion

Question 39

The ITS of the rotator cuff are responsible for shoulder ER. What muscles are analogues in the hip?

Answer 39

piriformis, obturator internus and externus, inferior and superior gamelli, posterior glut med

Question 40

Subscapularis is responsible for shoulder IR. What muscles are analogues in the hip?

Answer 40

anterior glut med and min

Question 41

Supraspinatus is responsible for shoulder ABduction. What muscles are analogues in the hip?

Answer 41

glut med

Question 42

In bilateral stance with both LEs bearing equal weight, what controls frontal plane motion of the pelvis?

Answer 42

contralateral ABductors/ADductors fxn as synergists

Question 43

Hip joint stability in unilateral stance limb is sole domain of which muscle(s)?

Answer 43

``` hip ABductors (adduction does NOT contribute to stability of the stance limb) ```

Question 44

In unilateral stance, what are the components of the joint reaction force?

Answer 44

BW increases hip compression to WB leg | aDduction torque causes equal and opposite aBductor muscle compression

Question 45

What is the estimated value for joint reaction force (joint compression) at the hip in unilateral stance?

Answer 45

~3 times BW