Trigger - Seizure Flashcards
what are examples of remote symptomatic causes of seizures
- brain tumors
- head trauma
- CNS infections
- strokes
- probably some others but these are just examples
FADE From My Head is an acronym for what?
things that may induce a seizure
Fatigue
Alcohol ingestion
Decreased physical health
Emotional stress
Flashing lights
Menstrual cycle
Hypoglycemia
generalized seizure with retained LOC
myoclonic seizure
non motor onset generalized seizure
absence seizure
lip smacking and staring spells
absence seizures (generalized)
generalized seizure with abrupt onset and offset, MC in children
absence seizures
a 12 year old boy presents with what the mother describes as spells of “zoning out” and “staring into space”. These episodes last about 3 minutes and afterward the patient is drowsy and sometimes confused. what type of seizure does this patient likely have?
A focal seizure.
When a seizure presents like an absence seizure but lasts longer than 45 seconds and has a post ictal phase, consider that it is a focal seizure instead.
sudden brief jerks or twitches of arms, legs or jaw
myclonic seizures
lasts >30 minutes and partial awareness is retained
myoclonic seizures
sudden jerks of movement that occurs upon waking or falling asleep
occurs upon waking or falling asleep
myoclonic seizures
sudden jerks
>30 min
partial retained awareness
- Normal EEG
- No delay of neurologic development
- Often occurs prior to age 1 and is self-limiting
myoclonus of infancy
sudden loss of muscle control lasting <2 s
atonic seizures/drop attacks
assocaited with intellectual impair
often associated with intellectual impairment
- atonic seizures/drop attacks
- tonic seizures
bilateral Tightening and stiffening of muscles
tonic seizures
people often fall d/t rigidity
asssociated w intellectual impairement
Bilateral, jerking movements (rhythmic jerking) with ALOC
clonic seizures
LOC, violent shaking, and body stiffening
tonic-clonic seizures
- also presents with foaming of the mouth, incontinence, tongue biting
- bilateral symmetrical generalized motor involvement
- lasts up to 20 min and has a post ictal phase of 10-30 minutes
presents with foaming at the mouth and incontinence
tonic-clonic seizures
- LOC, violent shaking, and body stiffening
- bilateral symmetrical generalized motor involvement
usually observed from 4-7month of age and resolves by age 4
infantile spasms/west syndrome
presents with:
Hypsaarhythmia on EEG
Symmetric, synchronous
Brief contractions of muscle groups
Clusters
4-6s
brief symmetric synchronous contractions involving more than 1 muscle group only lasting 4-6s.
infantile spasms/west syndrome
presents with:
Hypsaarhythmia on EEG
MC in kids 4-7mo and fades by age 4
Hypsaarhythmia on EEG in children
infantile spasms/west syndrome
will protect their hands from hitting their face but tongue biting still occurs
pseudo seizure
Resembles an actual seizure but nothing physically wrong
Treat with psychotherapy
this type of seizure often causes people to fall over
tonic seizures.
usually fall d/t rigidity
Big Curve Very Potent
this is my drug acronym iykyk
AEDs that need drug monitoring
Barbs
Carbamazepine
valproic acid
phenytoin
Diplopia dizziness and imbalance
SE of AEDs
also:
NV
drowsiness
gingival hyperplasia as SE
phenytoin
Pregnant people can get very lame treatment
another acronym iykyk
drugs to avoid in tx for preggo people
Phenobarb
phenytoin
Carbamazepine
gabapentin
Valproic acid
Lamotrigine
Topiramate
lamotrigine is 1st line for what
focal seizures
valproate (depakote) 1st line for who
generalized seizure pts
levetiracetam 1st line for who
pregnant people w generlized seizures
what do barbs and benzos have in common
must be tapered very slowly
