extra questions - pulm 1 quiz Flashcards
is hypothyroidism associated with hyper or hypocapnia
hypercapnia
how much radiation is in a CXR
10 days of natural background radiation
.1mSv
how much radiation is in a standard radiation CT chest
7mSv
2 years of natural background radiation
how much radiation is in a low-dose CT chest
1.5 mSv
6 month of natural background radiation
what is used to diagnose or rule out PE when CT is contraindicated
V-Q scan
what would a V-Q scan look like for obstructive disease (COPD, Asthma)
ventilation - abnormal
perfusion - normal
what would a V-Q scan for a Pulmonary embolism look like
ventilation - normal
perfusion - abnormal
what could indicate pneumonia on V-Q scan
ventilation - abnormal
perfusion - abnormal
this could also indicate PE or COPD
pulmonary angiography is the gold standard for diagnosing what
pulmonary embolism
what vein is used for catheterization during a pulmonary angiography
femoral
what is the tool used to obtain images during a pulmonary angiography
flouroscopy
A filling deficit or abrupt cutoff of a small vessel is indicative of what diagnosis
pulmonary embolism
risks include excessive bleeding or clots as well as MI or stroke
pulmonary angiography
this procedure directly visualizes the airway
bronchoscopy
contraindicated in patients who are taking metformin
CT contrast
contraindicated in patients with bleeding diathesisi
this means “increased tendency to bleed/bruise”
bronchoscopy
common complications include pneumothorax and hemorrhage
bronchoscopy
also transient hypoxemia
remember “common” in this case is still less than 1% chance
In what procedure is radioactive material inhaled
VQ scan
what test is indicated for pulmonary artery aneurysms and pulmonary hypertension
pulmonary angiography
How would a perforated intestine show on a CXR
free air under the diaphragm
MC etiology for this CXR finding is pleural effusion
costophrenic blunting
could also be due to
hemothorax, PE, pleural abscess, ect.
why would a procalcitonin be acquired when evaluating bronchitis
to assess whether the cause is bacterial or non bacterial
used to assess or diagnose neuromuscular problems affecting respiratory function
spirometry
also used for prevention of pneumonia post surgery or post trauma
measures the total volume of air held within the lungs
plethysmography
when a decreased FVC is found on spirometry what test should be done
plethysmography
what is RV + VC
total lung capacity
what is ERV + RV
functional residual capacity
If you suspect a patient is havnig respiratory muscle weakness, what should you order
maximal respiratory pressure test (assessed during plethysmography)
used to determine adequate control of asthma
peak flow
interpretation of this test is done by evaluating FVC, TLC, and FEV1
plethysmography
used for the prevention of pneumonia post-surgery or post-trauma
spirometry
associated with hypothermia and low cardiac output
hypocapnia (EtCO2<35mmHg)
associated with sepsis, shivering and fever
hypercapnia (EtCO2 > 45mmHg)
This test is indicated for pulmonary cancer
sputum cytology
indicated in TB or asbestosis exposure
sputum cytology
what test is used to monitor adequacy of chest compression
Capnography
what test ensures ET tube placement
capnography
used to monitor patients undergoing anesthesia
capnography
how do you deliniate an area of concern from other objects in imaging?
use contrast
When CT is contraindicated what can you use? (besides CXR)
VQ scan
barium in the eophagus from recent surgery can interfere with what
CT scan results
