Trigger - approach to neuro patient

Question 1

relays signals back and fortch between CNS and PNS

Answer 1

thalamus

Question 2

releases hormones assocaited with endocrine and sexual system

Answer 2

hypothalamus

also controls hunger and body temp

Question 3

control hunger and body temp

Answer 3

hypothalamus

releases sex and endocrine hormone system

Question 4

controls sleep/wake arousal

Answer 4

midbrains

Question 5

controls vomiting, heartbeat and breathing

Answer 5

medulla oblongata

Question 6

where is CSF created

Answer 6

choroid plexus (inner lining of ventricles)

Question 7

what controls sensory and motor nerve fibers

Answer 7

somatic nervous system
sensory = infor from peripheral to CNS
motor = impulses for moevement from brain to skeletal muscles

Question 8

presents with weakness/paralysis and decreased reflexes and muscle tone

Answer 8

lower motor neuron lesion

Question 9

weakness with increased muscle tone and reflex

Answer 9

upper motor neuron lesion (stroke w contralateral findings)

Question 10

muscle mass wasting

Answer 10

lower motor neuron lesion

Question 11

+ babinski sign

Answer 11

upper motor neuron lesion

Question 12

requires constant stimulation to stay awake

Answer 12

obtunded

Alert
Lethargy (awakens to verbal or light physical stim)
Obtundation (constant stimulation to stay awake)
Stupor (vigorous, painful, constant stimulation, does not follow commands.)
Coma (no response)

Question 13

pontine hemorrhage would have what affect

Answer 13

pinpoint pupils

opioids also present like this

Question 14

SE of anticholinergic drugs as well as severe anoxia-ischemia

Answer 14

dialted pupils

ALWAYS an abnormal finding

Question 15

awakens to verbal or light physical stimulation

Answer 15

lethargy

Alert
Lethargy (awakens to verbal or light physical stim)
Obtundation (constant stimulation to stay awake)
Stupor (vigorous, painful, constant stimulation, does not follow commands.)
Coma (no response)

Question 16

alternating dilation and contraction of pupil

associated with early signs of brain herniation or seizure activity

Answer 16

hippus phenomenon

Question 17

tests for sensory and cerebellar ataxia

Answer 17

romberg test

Question 18

unilateral pronator drift suggests what

Answer 18

UMN lesion affecting the arm

Question 19

pt has full ROM against gravity and some resistance

Answer 19

grade 4

5 - active ROM, full strength against resistance
4 - active ROM against gravity and some resistance
3 - active ROM against gravity only
2 - weak contraction insufficient to overcome gravity
1 - minimal movement/muscle contraction
0 - no movement/muscle contraction

Question 20

moves freely but then muscle catches and locks

Answer 20

spasticity (hypertonia)

suggestive of upper motor lesion

Spasticity: moves freely but then the muscle catches and locks.
Rigidity: resistance throughout
Clonus: Jerking movement

Question 21

jerking movement

Answer 21

clonus

suggestive of UMN

Spasticity: moves freely but then the muscle catches and locks.
Rigidity: resistance throughout
Clonus: Jerking movement

Question 22

underlying etiology of hypotonia

Answer 22

LMN lesions
cerebellar disorders

Question 23

synapses in anterior horn cell

Answer 23

reflex sensory fiberes

Question 24

romberg wherr swaying that stops when eyes are open

Answer 24

sensory ataxia

cerebellar ataxia = swaying persisting even when eyes are open

Question 25

increased DTR

Answer 25

UMN lesion of brain/spinal cord

decreased = LMN lesion

Question 26

aphasia

Answer 26

inability to write, understand or express speech

Question 27

inability to repeat statements which worsen w longer duration

Answer 27

conduction aphasia

Question 28

Myotonia congenita
Torticollis
Dystonias

Answer 28

hypertrophic conditions

Question 29

resistance that becomes LESS prominant when you distract the patient

Answer 29

paratonia

Question 30

Difficulty articulating sounds or words.

Answer 30

difficulty articulating sounds/words

Question 31

Changes in quality, volume, or pitch of voice

Answer 31

dysphonia