Trigeminal Nerve

Question 1

what are the 3 branches of the trigeminal nerve?

Answer 1

ophthalmic, maxillary and mandibular

Question 2

what are the 3 exit points of the CN V branches?

Answer 2

supra-orbital notch, infra-orbital foramen, mental foramen

Question 3

what bones make up the hard palate?

Answer 3

maxilla and palatine bone

Question 4

where is the mandibular foramen?

Answer 4

on the inner surface of the mandible next to the lingula

Question 5

where does the trigeminal nerve emerge from in the brainstem?

Answer 5

mid pons

Question 6

where are the CN V nuclei located?

Answer 6

midbrain, pons and medulla

Question 7

which CN V nuclei is located in the midbrain

Answer 7

general somatic afferent (sensory)

Question 8

which CN V nuclei is located in the pons?

Answer 8

special visceral efferent and general somatic afferent

Question 9

which CN V nuclei is located in the medulla?

Answer 9

general somatic afferent

Question 10

where is the only location of the special visceral efferent nuclei of CN V?

Answer 10

pons

Question 11

what type of sensory nuclei does the CN V have?

Answer 11

mesencephalic, chief sensory nucleus, spinal nucleus

Question 12

what type of innervation does CN V have?

Answer 12

general sensory for most of the face, special motor for muscles of mastication

Question 13

once the nerve roots of CN V emerge from the mid-pons where do they go?

Answer 13

they pass onto the apex of the petrous temporal bone where the trigeminal ganglion lies in a cave of dura mater (Meckels cave)

Question 14

once in the trigeminal ganglion where does CN V1 exit?

Answer 14

superior orbital fissure

Question 15

where does CN V2 exit the trigeminal ganglion?

Answer 15

foramen rotundum

Question 16

where does CN V3 exit the trigeminal ganglion?

Answer 16

foramen ovale

Question 17

what are the branches of CN V1

Answer 17

frontal, lacrimal and nasociliary

Question 18

where does the frontal nerve come from and what does it divide into?

Answer 18

CN V1 and divides to supraorbital and supratrochlear

Question 19

what does the frontal nerve (CNV1) supply?

Answer 19

skin of vertex and upper eyelid/forehead

Question 20

where does the lacrimal nerve come from and what does it supply?

Answer 20

CN V1 and supplies lacrimal gland, skin of lateral upper eyelid and forehead

Question 21

what does the nasociliary nerve come from and what does it give off

Answer 21

CN V1 and long ciliary nerve, anterior and posterior ethmoidal nerves, infratrochlear nerve

Question 22

what does the anterior ethmoidal nerve supply and where does it come from?

Answer 22

comes from nasociliary nerve of CN V1 and continues as external nasal nerve to supply skin at tip of nose

Question 23

what does shingles at the tip of the nose warn of?

Answer 23

disease developing into cornea

Question 24

what does CN V2 reach once it goes through the foramen rotundum?

Answer 24

pteryogpalatine fossa

Question 25

where does the pterygopalatine fossa lie?

Answer 25

just lateral to the upper aspect of the nasal cavity and nasopharynx behind the orbit and above the hard/soft palate

Question 26

what are the branches of CN V2

Answer 26

ZYGOMATIC AND INFRA-ORBITAL , nasopalatine, greater and lesser palatine, pharyngeal, alveolar to upper teeth

Question 27

where does the zygomatic nerve come from and what does it split into?

Answer 27

CN V2 and splits to zygomaticotemporal and zygomaticofacial

Question 28

where does the infraorbital nerve come from and where does it exit?

Answer 28

comes from CN V2 and exits through infra orbital foramen

Question 29

when CN V2 divides, what branches does it divide into and where do they go?

Answer 29

zygomatic and infraorbital braches to the orbit through the inferior orbital fissure

Question 30

what does the infraorbital nerve supply

Answer 30

lower eyelid, cheek, nose and upper lip

Question 31

where are the branches of the zygomatic nerve?

Answer 31

anterior temple and zygoma

Question 32

where does the nasopalatine nerve enter the nasal cavity and where does it go from there

Answer 32

sphenopalatine foramen and passes via incisive canal to reach anterior hard palate

Question 33

what are the alveolar branches of CNV2

Answer 33

posterior superior alveolar, middle superior alveolar and anterior superior alveolar

Question 34

what are the 2 types of palatine nerves?

Answer 34

greater and lesser

Question 35

where do the palatine nerves go

Answer 35

through the palatine canal

Question 36

what CN V2 nerves supply the gingivae?

Answer 36

nasopalatine, greater palatine nerve through greater and lesser palatine foramen

Question 37

what nerve supplies the soft palate?

Answer 37

lesser palatine nerve

Question 38

once CN V2 has passed through the foramen ovale where does it go next?

Answer 38

to the infratemporal fossa

Question 39

where does the infratemporal fossa lie in relation to the mandible?

Answer 39

posteriorly

Question 40

what are the main branches of CN V3

Answer 40

auriculotemporal, buccal, mental, lingual, muscular

Question 41

what are the trunks of CN V3

Answer 41

main, anterior, posterior

Question 42

which nerves are part of the main branch of CNV3

Answer 42

meningeal branch, branch to tensor tympani, bransh to tensor veli palatini, nerve to medial pterygoid

Question 43

which nerves are part of the anterior branch of CN V3

Answer 43

deep temporal nerves, nerve to lateral pterygoid, buccal nerve, masseteric nerve

Question 44

which nerves are part of the posterior branch of CN V3

Answer 44

auriculotemporal nerve, lingual nerve, inferior alveolar nerve

Question 45

what is the distribution of CN V3?

Answer 45

auricle, temple, lower lip, chin, cheek

Question 46

which nerve supplies general sensation to the floor of mouth along with lower teeth and gums?

Answer 46

CN V3

Question 47

which nerve supplies general sensation to the anterior 2/3rd of the tongue?

Answer 47

CN V3 via lingual nerve

Question 48

where does trigeminal neuralgia occur?

Answer 48

in CN V3 (occasionally CN V2)

Question 49

what does the buccal nerve supply?

Answer 49

cheek and lateral gum

Question 50

what does the inferior alveolar nerve supply?

Answer 50

lower teeth, skin of chin and lower lip as mental nerve

Question 51

what is the motor component of the inferior alveolar nerve?

Answer 51

supplying motor function to the mylohyoid and anterior belly of digastric

Question 52

which nerve supplies the incisors and where does it come from

Answer 52

incisive nerve from the inferior alveolar nerve

Question 53

what is the sensory supply of the anterior 2/3rds of tongue?

Answer 53

general sensory = mandibular division of CN V | taste = facial nerve

Question 54

which nerve has the motor root for muscles of mastication

Answer 54

CN V3

Question 55

explain the jaw jerk reflex

Answer 55

sensory information being passed through the trigeminal nerve into mesencephalic nucleus of trigeminal nerve into brainstem, connect to motor nucleus in pons and go to muscles

Question 56

which area of the face does the trigeminal nerve never supply?

Answer 56

angle of mandible

Question 57

with shingles, what is a Hutchinsons signs

Answer 57

cutaneous involvement of the tip of the nose

Question 58

what does a positive hutchinsons signs mean?

Answer 58

increases likelihood of ocular complications