Oral Functions: Senses Flashcards
which nerve is involved in innervating the lower teeth?
inferior alveolar nerve
which nerve does the inferior alveolar nerve give off anteriorly?
mental nerve
where does the mental nerve exit?
the mental foramen
what does the mental nerve do?
supply sensory branches to the chin and lower lip
why would numbness remain in the lip after and IDB?
due to temporary damage of the ID nerve
what is paraesthesia?
an abnormal sensation, typically tingling or prickling
what is dysaesthesia
an abnormal unpleasant sensation felt when touched, caused by damage to peripheral nerves
what does the gagging reflex do?
act to prevent material entering the pharynx
what is the gagging reflex evoked by?
mechanical stimulation of fauces, palate, posterior tongue and pharynx
what efferent nerves are involved in the gag reflex?
trigeminal, glossopharyngeal, vagus, accessory, hypoglossal (V, IX, X, XI, XII)
what afferent nerve is involved in the gag reflex?
glossopharyngeal (IX)
how can you manage a gag reflex?
use fast set alginate, breath through nose, mesh denture connector, magnets put into gingiva for denture wearers to stop the denture from extending too far back
what does Bell’s palsy cause?
a motor disorder which gives the inability to wrinkle brow, drooping eyelid, inability to close eye, inability to puff cheeks, no muscle tone, dropping mouth, food stuck in cheek
what are the facial nerve branches?
temporal, zygomatic, buccal, mandibular, cervical
what do the orbicularis oris and buccinator do?
help to control food bolus and prevent spillage
what is Bell’s palsy?
any type of facial paralysis that does not have other associated causes such as tumours, trauma and salivary gland inflammation
name some causes of Bell’s palsy
infections (HSV), otitis media, diabetes, trauma, toxins, LA infiltration to facial nerve branches
when does Bell’s palsy occur?
when the injection is given too far distally and the parotid gland is penetrated allowing diffusion of LA through loose glandular tissue which affects all branches of facial nerve
how does Bell’s palsy present
inability to close the eye or blink and inability to raise the corner of the mouth or puff the cheeks
how do you manage Bell’s palsy
reassure patient that it will fix itself, give eye patch to protect cornea until blink returns
what do periodontal mechanoreceptors allow?
finer discrimination of food texture, tooth contacts and levels of functional loading, better appreciation of food and more precise control of mandibular movements
what are the benefits of retaining as much teeth as possible?
periodontal mechanoreceptors and the psychological benefit by preventing the feeling of total los of natural teeth
what are precision attachments?
magnets and root covered with GIC
why do some implants fail?
as they dont have mechanoreceptors on them so no PDL so no appreciation of how much force is applied to the tooth
