Tricuspid regurgitation

Question 1

Tricuspid regurgitation?

Answer 1

Backflow of blood from the right ventricle to the right atrium during systole.

Question 2

What is diastole and systole?

Answer 2

Diastole and systole are two phases of the cardiac cycle. They occur as the heart beats, pumping blood through a system of blood vessels that carry blood to every part of the body. Systole occurs when the heart contracts to pump blood out, and diastole occurs when the heart relaxes after contraction.

Question 3

Tricuspid regurgitation risk factors (6)?

Answer 3

congentical (ebsteins anomaly, cleft valve in ostium primum)

functional (consequence of right ventricular dilation, valve prolapse)

rheumatic heart disease,

infective endocarditis.

Question 4

Tricuspid regurgitation epidemiology?

Answer 4

infective endocarditis is most common cause.

Question 5

Tricuspid regurgitation symptoms (9)?

Answer 5

fatigue, breathlessness, palpitations, headaches, nausea, anorexia, epigastric pain made worse by exercise, jaundice, lower limb swelling

Question 6

Tricuspid regurgitation signs (6)?

Answer 6

Raised JVP with V waves (caused by transmission of high right ventricular pressures into the great veins),

parasternal heave, pansystolic murmur louder on inspiration, palpable liver, ascites, pitting oedema.

Question 7

Tricuspid regurgitation investigations bloods?

Answer 7

FBC, LFT, cardiac enzymes, blood cultures

Question 8

Tricuspid regurgitation investigations ECG?

Answer 8

p pulmonale due to right atrial hypertrophy

Question 9

Tricuspid regurgitation investigations others?

Answer 9

CXR (right sided enlargement of cardiac shadow), Doppler ultrasound to show extent or regurgitation.