Trichosporosis Flashcards
What is Trichosporosis?
Trichosporosis is a hair and scalp condition caused by fungal infection, particularly by fungi from the Trichosporon genus. It is characterized by the spontaneous formation of knots along individual hair strands, leading to hair breakage, tangling, and difficulty in grooming.
What are the clinical manifestations of Trichosporosis?
Symptoms include itching, flaking, white or yellowish scales around the hair shaft, hair breakage, and hair loss at the site of infection.
What causes Trichosporosis?
Trichosporosis is caused by fungal organisms from the Trichosporon genus, which can become pathogenic under conditions such as increased moisture, poor hygiene, or immunosuppression.
How is Trichosporosis diagnosed?
Diagnosis typically involves visual examination and may include supplemental tests such as light microscopy or dermatoscopy. Advanced techniques like scanning electron microscopy may be used for more complex cases.
What is the treatment for Trichosporosis?
Treatment generally involves antifungal therapy with topical creams or shampoos containing antifungal agents like ketoconazole. Oral antifungals may be prescribed for severe cases.
What self-care and preventive measures are recommended for Trichosporosis?
Preventive measures include maintaining good hygiene, using antifungal shampoos, avoiding shared items like combs and hats, seeking prompt treatment for symptoms, and regular handwashing.
What are the common strains of Trichosporon involved in Trichosporosis?
There are over 50 subspecies and approximately 16 different strains of Trichosporon implicated in human diseases.
What are cutaneous and systemic infections in Trichosporosis?
Cutaneous infection, often referred to as white piedra, affects hair shafts, while systemic infections can manifest as disseminated illness, localised organ involvement, or device-related infections.
How can Trichosporosis be differentiated from other fungal infections?
Diagnostic tests such as PAS staining and electron microscopy can distinguish Trichosporosis from other fungal infections like candidiasis, aspergillosis, and cryptococcosis, especially in immunocompromised patients.
What are future prospects in the treatment and diagnosis of Trichosporosis?
Future treatments may include more targeted and effective antifungal therapies, and diagnostic advancements may lead to quicker, more accurate identification of specific fungal pathogens for personalized treatment.
