Treatments of Kidney Failure

Question 1

What is the dialysis fluid and movement for urea?

Answer 1

no dialysis fluid - diffuse out of the blood

Question 2

What is the dialysis fluid and movement for glucose, water and ions?

Answer 2

glucose, water, and ions will have same concentration as healthy blood
if there is too much glucose in the blood it will diffuse out if there is too little
it will diffuse in to match the dialysis fluid

Question 3

What is renal dialysis?

Answer 3

-patients blood is passed through a partially permeable membrane surrounded
by dialysis fluid.
-urea and waste products will diffuse OUT
-glucose, water, and ions return to normal concentrations
- 3-5 hours and 2-3 times a week - treatment
- patients can feel unwell between treatments
- expensive and inconvenient
- countercurrent flow - maintains a high concentration gradient - maxomal removal of waste
- anticogulant - keeps blood flowing smoothly

Question 4

What is a kidney transplant?

Answer 4

-donor must have the saem blood type and tissue type as recipient
- otherwise the donated kidney will be recognised as foreign
- antigens on surface will be different - immune system will reeject kidney - to prevent this
immune suppresseant drugs are used

advantages -

• more convenient for patient
• full recovery
• cheaper in long term
• better quality of life