Treatments Flashcards
Treat gastritis
Triple therpay to eradicate H.pylori:
Proton Pump Inhibitor (PPI)
Amoxicillin
Clarithromycin or Metronidazole
Step-wise approach to treating gastritis:
Mild - antacids or H2 receptor antagonists
Moderate/severe - PPI
Conservative treatment of IBS
Education and avoidance of triggering factors e.g. decrease stress
Medical treatment of IBS
Depends on symptoms;
Anti-muscarinics, Laxatives, Stool softeners, Antispasmodics and Antidepressants may play a role
Treatment of appendicitis
Surgical excision
Two types of Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD)
Ulcerative colitis
Crohn’s disease
Conservative treatment of Ulcerative colitis
Patient education;
smoking has been shown to be protective but is not advised
Medical treatment of Ulcerative colitis
Corticosteroids 5-aminosalicylic acid (5-ASA) analogues e.g. Sulfasalazine Mesalazine 6-mercaptopurine Azathioprine
Surgical treatment of Ulcerative colitis
Colectomy
Conservative treatment of Crohn’s disease
Smoking cessation
Low residue diet may be encouraged but usually diet is normal
Medical treatment of Crohn’s disease
Corticosteroids Infliximab 5-ASA analogues (Sulfasalazine) Azathioprine Methotrexate
Surgical treatment of Crohn’s disease
Remove strictured or obstructed region of bowel
Conservative treatment of GORD
Education
Weight loss
Raising head of bed at night
Avoidance of precipitating factors e.g. smoking, large meals
Medical treatment of GORD
Antacids e.g. aluminium hydroxide
H2 receptor antagonists e.g. ranitidine
Proton pump inhibitors e.g. omeprazole
Surgical treatment of GORD
Nissen’s fundoplication
Treatment of Barrett’s Oesophagus
Halo system radiofrequency ablation
OR
Mucosal resection for highly dysplastic lesions
Conservative treatment of Hepatitis A virus
Vaccine for travellers to endemic areas
Medical treatment of Hepatitis A virus
Supportive since HAV is often self-resolving
Conservative treatment of Hepatitis B virus
Education and prevention of disease
Vaccine for at-risk groups e.g. health workers
Medical treatment of Hepatitis B virus
Antiviral medications e.g. pegylated alpha-2a interferon Adefovir Entecavir Lamivudine Tenofovir Telbivudine
Conservative treatment of Hepatitis C virus
Education and prevention of disease
Medical treatment of Hepatitis C virus
Antiviral medications e.g. pegylated alpha-2a interferon ribavirin taribavirin telaprevir
Treatment of Hepatitis D virus
Pegylated alpha-2a interferon
Treatment of Hepatitis E virus
Usually self-limiting
Conservative treatment of Colorectal cancer
Patient education and referral to Macmillan nurses
Medical treatment of colorectal cancer
Chemotherapy (oxaliplatin, folinic acid and 5-fluorouracil is most common regime)
Radiotherapy also used possibly
Surgical treatment of colorectal cancer
Surgical resection is usually treatment of choice
Treatment of acute pancreatitis
This is usually symptomatic relief
Keep ‘nil by mouth’ (NBM), IV fluids and analgesia e.g. tramadol
Treat underlying causes e.g. ERCP to remove gallstones
Conservative treatment of chronic pancreatitis
Alcohol cessation
Medical treatment of chronic pancreatitis
Analgesia e.g. tramadol and pancreatic enzyme replacement therapy - start insulin therapy if diabetes has developed
