GI Malabsorption Flashcards

1
Q

Common causes in UK

A

Coeliac disease
Chronic pancreatitis
Crohn’s disease

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2
Q

Other causes

A
Low bile
Pancreatic insufficiency
Small bowel mucosa
Bacterial overgrowth
Infection
Intestinal hurry
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3
Q

Causes of low bile and thus GI malabsorption

A

Primary biliary cholangitis
Ileal resection
Biliary obstruction
Colestyramine

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4
Q

Causes of pancreatic insufficiency and thus GI malaborption

A

Pancreatic cancer

Cystic fibrosis

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5
Q

Causes of small bowel mucosa and thus GI malabsorption

A
Whipples disease
Enteritis
Tropical sprue
Small bowel resection
Brush border enzyme deficiencies e.g. lactase insufficiency
Drugs 
Amyloid
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6
Q

What drugs can cause small bowel mucosa

A

Metformin
Neomycin
Alcohol

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7
Q

Causes of bacterial overgrowth and thus GI malabsorption

A

Spontaneous (elderly)
Jejunal diverticula
Post-op blind loops
DM and PPI are risk factors

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8
Q

Infections that result in GI malabsorption

A

Giardiasis
Diphyllobothriasis (B12 malabsorption)
Strongyloidiasis

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9
Q

Causes of intestinal hurry and thus GI malabsorption

A

Post-gastrectomy dumping
Post-vagotomy
Gastrojejunostomy

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10
Q

Symptoms

A
Diarrhoea
Decreased weight
Lethargy
Steatorrhoea
Bloating
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11
Q

Deficiency signs

A
Anaemia (low Fe, B12, folate)
Bleeding disorders (low vit K)
Oedema (low protein)
Metabolic bone disease (low vit D)
Neurological features e.g. neuropathy
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12
Q

Tests

A
Coeliac tests
FBC (low or high MCV)
Low: Ca2+; Fe; B12 + folate
High INR
Lipid profile
Stool
Breath hydrogen analysis (for bacterial overgrowth)
Endoscopy + Small bowel biopsy
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13
Q

Test of stool

A

Sudan stain for fat globules, stool microscopy (infestation) - elastase

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14
Q

Presentation in general of malabsorption

A

Weight loss
Steatorrhoea
Anaemia

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